Universe
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319039448
Author: Robert Geller, Roger Freedman, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 10, Problem 34Q
To determine
The reason for the acceptance of the collision ejection theory for the formation of the Moon by most modern-day scientists.
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Formation theories for the Moon have come and gone due to the discovery of new knowledge. The fission theory postulated that the Moon separated from the Earth in the vicinity of what is now the Pacific Ocean. Why is this early 20th century notion totally discredited today? What discovery in the mid-1960s provided the evidence to disprove this theory? [Hint: The first clue came from Alfred Wegener. His theory was at first ridiculed but was later shown to be true from research in the 1960s–1970s. Wegener’s theory was renamed as what? Our current model also explains earthquakes. To answer this you will have to Google.]
Planetary scientists are excited about the possibility that some of the moons in the outer solar system might have a global subsurface ocean of liquid water.
It's uncertain whether or not Jupiter's moon Callisto has a subsurface ocean, but some scientists think it might.
Let's imagine that a short distance below the surface, Callisto has a water layer 20,000 meters thick. Callisto has a radius of 2.410x106 meters.
Earth has a radius of 6.378x106 meters, and its oceans are equivalent to a layer of water 3000 meters thick all over the surface of the planet.
Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the Earth’s amount of liquid water with this estimate of the amount of water Callisto might have?
Group of answer choices
If this scenario is correct, Earth and Callisto have roughly the same amount of liquid water.
If these scientists are right, Callisto has about one-sixth as much liquid water as the Earth does.
If these scientists are right, Callisto has about 11 times as…
A lot of asteroid and comet dust collides with Earth's atmosphere everyday. Assume that 500 tons of mass is added to Earth daily from the millions of meteors that enter our atmosphere. Estimate the time it would take for the Earth's mass to increase 0.2% with this impact rate. Is this mass accumulation significant to Earth as a planet.
Chapter 10 Solutions
Universe
Ch. 10 - Prob. 1CCCh. 10 - Prob. 2CCCh. 10 - Prob. 3CCCh. 10 - Prob. 4CCCh. 10 - Prob. 5CCCh. 10 - Prob. 1CLCCh. 10 - Prob. 1QCh. 10 - Prob. 2QCh. 10 - Prob. 3QCh. 10 - Prob. 4Q
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What are the difficulties with the capture hypothesis of the Moon’s origin?arrow_forwardWe believe that chains of comet fragments like Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9’s have collided not only with the jovian planets, but occasionally with their moons. What sort of features would you look for on the outer planet moons to find evidence of such collisions? (As an extra bonus, can you find any images of such features on a moon like Callisto? You can use an online site of planetary images, such as the Planetary Photojournal, at photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov.)arrow_forwardWhich of the following is least reasonable regarding impact craters? Group of answer choices The size and shape of the crater and the amount of material excavated depends on factors such as the velocity and mass of the impacting body and the geology of the surface. Craters are most often are circular but more elongate craters can be produced with impactors striking the surface at very low angles. The Moon has more craters than the Earth because of its strong tidal force on the impactors. Objects from space typically hit Earth at about 20 km/s ande produce craters that can be approximately 20 times larger in diameter than the impacting objects. The faster the incoming impactor, the larger the crater.arrow_forward
- Which of the following events can NOT be explained by a giant impact event? The large metallic core of Mercury The extreme axis tilt of Uranus The formation of the Moon The backwards rotation of Venusarrow_forwardHow does the large-impact hypothesis explain the Moons lack of iron?arrow_forwardThe Moon did not pass through all of the four stages of planetary development. True or false? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
- Based on the physical aspects of Catena Mendeleev, what is the most plausible explanation for how crater chains are formed on the Moon? a. these craters chains are formed by a series of impacts from a passing comet or asteroid that just passed to close too the Moon and ended up colliding with the Moon b. they are the result of surface collapse due to the prescence of an underground fault c. they are primarily the result of secondary fragments hitting the lunar surface from an initially from an larger impact fragment that resulted in another larger, distant craterarrow_forwardd) The internal density of the comet 67P was measured by the Rosetta space-craft to be approximately p = 400 kg m-³. How close an approach to the Earth could be made by this comet before it is tidally disrupted? Express your answer in units of the Earth's radius. Ignoring the effects of heating and sublimation, state how close this comet could approach the Sun without being tidally disrupted. Express your answer in units of the Solar radius.arrow_forwardPure, solid water ice has an albedo A≈0.35. What is the minimum distance from the Sun at which a rapidly rotating ice cube would remain frozen? Between which two planets does this distance lie?arrow_forward
- Calculate the Roche limit of the Earth-Moon system.arrow_forward5) What is the ratio of the number of asteroid impacts on the moon to the number of impacts on Earth? Assume the asteroids are originally traveling 15 km/s and use the following data. Mass: 5.97x1024 kg Earth, 7.3x1022 kg moon Radius: 6372 km Earth, 1738 km moon Note we count the number of craters on the moon to infer the number of impacts on Earth because many Earth craters have been hidden by erosion.arrow_forwardThe Tunguska asteroid is estimated to have had a diameter of 50 m, and to have produced an explosion equivalent to 10 megatons of TNT (1 megaton = 4.2 x 1015 joules). Assume that the asteroid was a sphere with density 2 g/cm3. Using the kinetic energy formula K = ½ mv2, where m is the mass and v is the speed, to estimate the speed of the asteroid. Assume that all kinetic energy is converted into the energy of the explosion. Give your answer in km/s with one significant figure.arrow_forward
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