| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000. |
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Appendix I
Indo-European Roots |
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| ENTRY: | deik- |
| DEFINITION: | To show, pronounce solemnly; also in derivatives referring to the directing of words or objects. Oldest form *dei -, becoming *deik- in centum languages.
Derivatives include teach, toe, addict, preach, judge, revenge, and disk.
I. Variant *deig-. 1. O-grade form *doig-. a. teach, from Old English t can, to show, instruct, from Germanic *taikjan, to show; b. (i) token, from Old English t cen, tcn, sign, mark; (ii) betoken, from Old English tcnian, to signify; (iii) tetchy, from Gothic taikns, sign; (iv) tachisme, from Old French tache, teche, mark, stain. (i)–(iv) all from Germanic *taiknam. 2. Zero-grade form *dig-. digit, from Latin digitus, finger (< “pointer,” “indicator”).
II. Basic form *deik-. 1. Possibly o-grade form *doik-. toe, from Old English t, tahe, toe, from Germanic *taihw . 2. Basic form *deik-. dictate, diction, dictum, ditto, ditty; addict, benediction, condition, contradict, edict, fatidic, herb bennet, indict, indiction, indite, interdict, juridical, jurisdiction, maledict, malison, predict, valediction, verdict, veridical, voir dire, from Latin d cere, to say, tell. 3. Suffixed zero-grade form *dik--. abdicate, dedicate, preach, predicament, predicate, from Latin dicre, to proclaim. 4. Agential suffix *-dik-. a. index, indicate, from Latin index, indicator, forefinger (in-, toward; see en); b. judge, judicial; prejudice, from Latin i dex (< *yewes-dik-), judge, “one who shows or pronounces the law” (is, law; see yewes-); c. vendetta, vindicate; avenge, revenge, from Latin vindex (first element obscure), surety, claimant, avenger. 5. deictic, deixis; apodictic, paradigm, policy2, from Greek deiknunai, to show, and noun deigma (*deik-m ), sample, pattern. 6. Zero-grade form *dik-. disk; dictyosome, from suffixed form *dik-skos, from Greek dikein, to throw (< “to direct an object”). 7. Form *dik-. dicast; syndic, theodicy, from Greek dik , justice, right, court case. (Pokorny dei- 188.) |
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| The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Copyright © 2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by the Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. |
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