Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259822674
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
thumb_up100%
Chapter 8.8, Problem 64P
Steam enters a turbine at 9 MPa, 600°C, and 60 m/s and leaves at 20 kPa and 90 m/s with a moisture content of 5 percent. The turbine is not adequately insulated, and it estimated that heat is lost from the turbine at a rate of 220 kW. The power output of the turbine is 4.5 MW. Assuming the surroundings to be at 25°C, determine (a) the reversible power output of the turbine, (b) the exergy destroyed within the turbine, and (c) the second-law efficiency of the turbine. (d) Also, estimate the possible increase in the power output of the turbine if the turbine were perfectly insulated.
FIGURE P8–64
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Water vapor enters a turbine with a mass flow rate of 3 kg/s, and at a temperature and pressure of 500°C and 1 MPa, respectively. The heat loss inside the turbine is
250 kW and the steam leaves the turbine at a temperature and pressure of 150°C and 100 kPa. Neglect any changes in the velocity or the elevation. The work output
of the turbine is used to operate a heat pump whose COP value is 2. Determine the rate of heat removal from the sink (1) and the rate of heat rejection to the
source (2) of this heat pump.
a. 3715 kW (removal), 1857.5 kW (rejection)
b. 1857.5 kW (removal), 3500 kW (rejection)
c. 1857.5 kW (removal), 3715 kW (rejection)
d. 1500 kW (removal), 3715 kW (rejection)
Steam enters a turbine at 9 MPa, 600°C, and 60 m/s and leaves at 20 kPa and 90 m/s with a moisture content of 5 percent. The turbine is not adequately insulated, and it estimated that heat is lost from the turbine at a rate of 220 kW. The power output of the turbine is 4.5 MW. Assuming the surroundings to be at 25°C, determine the reversible power output of the turbine.
Water flows through a horizontal coil heated from the outside by high temperature flue gases. As it passes through the coil, the water changes state from liquid at 200 kPa and 80 deg C to vapor at 100kPa and 125 deg C. Its entering velocity is 3m/s and exit velocity is 200 m/s. Determine the heat transferred through the coil per unit mass, Enthalpies of inlet and outlet streams are 334.9 kJ/kg and 2726.5 kJ/kg
Chapter 8 Solutions
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Ch. 8.8 - What final state will maximize the work output of...Ch. 8.8 - Is the exergy of a system different in different...Ch. 8.8 - Under what conditions does the reversible work...Ch. 8.8 - How does useful work differ from actual work? For...Ch. 8.8 - How does reversible work differ from useful work?Ch. 8.8 - Is a process during which no entropy is generated...Ch. 8.8 - Consider an environment of zero absolute pressure...Ch. 8.8 - It is well known that the actual work between the...Ch. 8.8 - Consider two geothermal wells whose energy...Ch. 8.8 - Consider two systems that are at the same pressure...
Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 11PCh. 8.8 - Does a power plant that has a higher thermal...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 13PCh. 8.8 - Saturated steam is generated in a boiler by...Ch. 8.8 - One method of meeting the extra electric power...Ch. 8.8 - A heat engine that receives heat from a furnace at...Ch. 8.8 - Consider a thermal energy reservoir at 1500 K that...Ch. 8.8 - A heat engine receives heat from a source at 1100...Ch. 8.8 - A heat engine that rejects waste heat to a sink at...Ch. 8.8 - A geothermal power plant uses geothermal liquid...Ch. 8.8 - A house that is losing heat at a rate of 35,000...Ch. 8.8 - A freezer is maintained at 20F by removing heat...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 24PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 25PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 26PCh. 8.8 - Can a system have a higher second-law efficiency...Ch. 8.8 - A mass of 8 kg of helium undergoes a process from...Ch. 8.8 - Which is a more valuable resource for work...Ch. 8.8 - Which has the capability to produce the most work...Ch. 8.8 - The radiator of a steam heating system has a...Ch. 8.8 - A well-insulated rigid tank contains 6 lbm of a...Ch. 8.8 - A pistoncylinder device contains 8 kg of...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 36PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 37PCh. 8.8 - A pistoncylinder device initially contains 2 L of...Ch. 8.8 - A 0.8-m3 insulated rigid tank contains 1.54 kg of...Ch. 8.8 - An insulated pistoncylinder device initially...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 41PCh. 8.8 - An insulated rigid tank is divided into two equal...Ch. 8.8 - A 50-kg iron block and a 20-kg copper block, both...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 45PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 47PCh. 8.8 - A pistoncylinder device initially contains 1.4 kg...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 49PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 50PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 51PCh. 8.8 - Air enters a nozzle steadily at 200 kPa and 65C...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 54PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 55PCh. 8.8 - Argon gas enters an adiabatic compressor at 120...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 57PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 58PCh. 8.8 - The adiabatic compressor of a refrigeration system...Ch. 8.8 - Refrigerant-134a at 140 kPa and 10C is compressed...Ch. 8.8 - Air enters a compressor at ambient conditions of...Ch. 8.8 - Combustion gases enter a gas turbine at 900C, 800...Ch. 8.8 - Steam enters a turbine at 9 MPa, 600C, and 60 m/s...Ch. 8.8 - Refrigerant-134a is condensed in a refrigeration...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 66PCh. 8.8 - Refrigerant-22 absorbs heat from a cooled space at...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 68PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 69PCh. 8.8 - Air enters a compressor at ambient conditions of...Ch. 8.8 - Hot combustion gases enter the nozzle of a...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 72PCh. 8.8 - A 0.6-m3 rigid tank is filled with saturated...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 74PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 75PCh. 8.8 - An insulated vertical pistoncylinder device...Ch. 8.8 - Liquid water at 200 kPa and 15C is heated in a...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 78PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 79PCh. 8.8 - A well-insulated shell-and-tube heat exchanger is...Ch. 8.8 - Steam is to be condensed on the shell side of a...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 82PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 83PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 84PCh. 8.8 - Prob. 85RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 86RPCh. 8.8 - An aluminum pan has a flat bottom whose diameter...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 88RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 89RPCh. 8.8 - A well-insulated, thin-walled, counterflow heat...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 92RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 93RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 94RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 95RPCh. 8.8 - Nitrogen gas enters a diffuser at 100 kPa and 110C...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 97RPCh. 8.8 - Steam enters an adiabatic nozzle at 3.5 MPa and...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 99RPCh. 8.8 - A pistoncylinder device initially contains 8 ft3...Ch. 8.8 - An adiabatic turbine operates with air entering at...Ch. 8.8 - Steam at 7 MPa and 400C enters a two-stage...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 103RPCh. 8.8 - Steam enters a two-stage adiabatic turbine at 8...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 105RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 106RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 107RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 108RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 109RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 111RPCh. 8.8 - A passive solar house that was losing heat to the...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 113RPCh. 8.8 - A 4-L pressure cooker has an operating pressure of...Ch. 8.8 - Repeat Prob. 8114 if heat were supplied to the...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 116RPCh. 8.8 - A rigid 50-L nitrogen cylinder is equipped with a...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 118RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 119RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 120RPCh. 8.8 - Reconsider Prob. 8-120. The air stored in the tank...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 122RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 123RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 124RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 125RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 126RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 127RPCh. 8.8 - Water enters a pump at 100 kPa and 30C at a rate...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 129RPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 130RPCh. 8.8 - Obtain a relation for the second-law efficiency of...Ch. 8.8 - Writing the first- and second-law relations and...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 133RPCh. 8.8 - Keeping the limitations imposed by the second law...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 135FEPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 136FEPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 137FEPCh. 8.8 - Prob. 138FEPCh. 8.8 - A furnace can supply heat steadily at 1300 K at a...Ch. 8.8 - A heat engine receives heat from a source at 1500...Ch. 8.8 - Air is throttled from 50C and 800 kPa to a...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 142FEPCh. 8.8 - A 12-kg solid whose specific heat is 2.8 kJ/kgC is...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 6 MPa, 6008C,and 80 m/s and leaves at 50 kPa, 1008C, and 140 m/s. Ifthe power output of the turbine is 5 MW, determine (a) thereversible power output and (b) the second-law efficiency ofthe turbine. Assume the surroundings to be at 258C.arrow_forwardSteam enters the condenser of a steam power plant at 50 kPa and a quality of 85 percent with a mass flow rate of 400 kg/min. It is to be cooled by water from a nearby river by circulating the water through the tubes within the condenser. To prevent thermal pollution, the river water is not allowed to experience a temperature rise above 20°C. If the steam is to leave the condenser as saturated liquid at 50 kPa, determine the mass flow rate of the cooling water required.arrow_forwardSteam enters a turbine at 9 MPa, 600°C, and 60 m/s and leaves at 20 kPa and 90 m/s with a moisture content of 5 percent. The turbine is not adequately insulated, and it estimated that heat is lost from the turbine at a rate of 220 kW. The power output of the turbine is 4.5 MW. Assuming the surroundings to be at 25°C, determine the second-law efficiency of the turbine.arrow_forward
- A steam turbine operates adiabatically at a power level of 3500 kW. Steam enters the turbine at 2400 kPa and 500°C and exhausts from the turbine as wet steam with a quality of 97% at 20 kPa. Determine the turbine's efficiency and estimated lost work.arrow_forwardSteam flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine. The inlet conditions of the steam are 4 MPa, 500oC, and 80 m/s, and the exit conditions are 30 kPa, 92 percent quality, and 50 m/s. The mass flow rate of the steam is 14 kg/s. Determine the power output.arrow_forward8-90 Steam enters a turbine at 9 MPa, 600 degrees C, and 60 m/s and leaves at 20 kPa and 90 m/s with a moisture content of 5 percent. The turbine is not adequately insulated and it estimated that heat is lost from the turbine at a rate of 220 kW. The power output of the turbine is 4.5 MW. Assuming the surroundings to be at 25 degrees C, determine (a) the reversible power output of the turbine, (b) the exergy destroyed within the turbine, and (c) the second-law efficiency of the turbine. (d) Also, estimate the possible increase in the power output of the turbine if the turbine were perfectly insulated. (Please type answer no write by hend)arrow_forward
- Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 6MPa pressure, 530C temperature, 2.5MPa pressure and 420C also comes out. If the mass flow is 0.127 kg / s, determine the power output of the turbine. Entry and exit Determine the ratio of the exit cross-sectional area to the inlet cross-sectional area so that their velocities are equal.arrow_forwardRefrigerant-134a enters an adiabatic compressor as saturated vapor at 30 psia at a rate of 20 ft3 /min and exits at 70 psia pressure. If the isentropic efficiency of the compressor is 80 percent, determine the actual power input.arrow_forwardA turbine is operating steadily and connected to a generator to convert mechanical work to electrical work where the generator has an efficiency of 90%. Steam with 35 m/s enters the turbine at 4.5 MPa and 400 oC where the inlet diameter is 15 cm. The pressure is dropped to 40 kPa at the turbine exit and 10% of the total mass is in the liquid phase. If heat is lost to the surroundings at a rate of 35 kW, determine the electrical work produced by the generator. Neglect the kinetic and potential energy changes through the turbine.arrow_forward
- Steam expands in a turbine steadily at a rate of 18,000 kg/h, entering at 7 MPa and 600°C and leaving at 50 kPa as saturated vapor. Assuming the surroundings to be at 100 kPa and 25°C, determine the power potential of the steam at the inlet conditions.arrow_forwardSteam enters a uniform flow turbine with a mass flow of 20 kg / s at 600 ° C, 5MPa, and negligible velocity. Steam expands in the turbine to saturated steam at 500 kPa, from which 10 percent of the steam is extracted for some other use. The rest of the steam continues to expand at the turbine outlet, where the pressure is 10 kPa and the quality is 85 percent. If the turbine is adiabatic, determine the rate of work done by the steam during this process.The answer should give 27 790 kW for a correct procedurearrow_forwardSteam enters an adiabatic turbine steadily at 7 MPa, 500°C, and 45 m/s and leaves at 100 kPa and 75 m/s. If the power output of the turbine is 5 MW and the isentropic efficiency is 77 percent, determine the temperature at the turbine exit.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Elements Of ElectromagneticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9780190698614Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9780134319650Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering ApproachMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781259822674Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. BolesPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems EngineeringMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118170519Author:Norman S. NisePublisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337093347Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. GerePublisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: StaticsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781118807330Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. BoltonPublisher:WILEY
Elements Of Electromagnetics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Oxford University Press
Mechanics of Materials (10th Edition)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9780134319650
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781259822674
Author:Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Control Systems Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118170519
Author:Norman S. Nise
Publisher:WILEY
Mechanics of Materials (MindTap Course List)
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337093347
Author:Barry J. Goodno, James M. Gere
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Engineering Mechanics: Statics
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781118807330
Author:James L. Meriam, L. G. Kraige, J. N. Bolton
Publisher:WILEY
Power Plant Explained | Working Principles; Author: RealPars;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGVDu1z5YQ8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY