Concept explainers
To review:
The mechanism that can be used to investigate whether the enzyme catalase has a nonallosteric or the allosteric mechanism of action and whether pollutants that inhibit the catalase enzyme act as noncompetitive or competitive inhibitors.
Introduction:
An allosteric enzyme has a quaternary structure of the protein. The quaternary structure of the protein has many subunits that are attached to one another with the help of disulfide and other noncovalent forces of attraction. Since there are multiple subunits of proteins, each unit has many active sites. The active sites of the proteins are those at, which the substrates binding takes place. In a nonallosteric protein or enzyme, there is only one active site that binds to the substrate.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 8 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
- Can the amount ofavailable energy in a giventrophic level be larger thanthe available energy in inferiortrophic levels? What does thatcondition means to theconformation of the energypyramids?arrow_forwardCytochrome P450 (CYP450) monoxygenase is the enzyme involved in Phase I metabolism. 450 refers to: * It can metabolize 450 drugs when in the reduced form and complexed to carbon monoxide It can produce 450 drugs when in the oxidized form and complexed to carbon dioxide It can emit light at 450 nm when in the oxidized form and complexed to carbon monoxide It can absorb light at 450 nm when in the reduced form and complexed to carbon dioxide It can absorb light at 450 nm when in the reduced form and complexed to carbon monoxidearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding the active site of cytochrome P450s is correct? Cytochrome P450-catalyzed monooxygenation proceeds with low stereoselectivity Cytochrome P450-catalyzed monooxygenation requires two electrons supplied by the redox process involving NADPH and NADP+. The 5th distal position (below the plane of the porphyrin ring) in cytochrome P450 is always occupied by His Cytochrome P450 is responsible for the metabolism of the minority of prescription drugs Cytochrome P450 contains manganesearrow_forward
- Using the action spectrum for photosynthesis, determinewhat wavelengths of light appear to be optimal forphotosynthesis. [Hint: Refer to the Biochemistry inPerspective essay entitled Photosynthetic Studies atthe companion website, www.oup.com/us/mckee.]arrow_forwardoxidation of NADH by nitrate produces 5 ATP, by H2S is 2 ATP, by O2 is 3 ATP. Why oxidation of NADH by nitrate could produce more ATP, whereas by H2S is less.arrow_forwardWhat role does superoxide dismutase play in ameliorating the effects of reactive oxygen species? Options: A. It catalyzes the conversion of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and O2. B. It generates superoxide by reacting ubisemiquinone with O2. C. It synthesizes superoxide by transferring a free electron on to O2. D. It directly transforms superoxide into water.arrow_forward
- Using the set of data that follows, calculate how many of themolecules of O2 that were used in aerobic catabolism by JuliusCaesar are in each liter of atmospheric air today. All valuesgiven are expressed at Standard Conditions of Temperature andPressure (see Appendix C) and therefore can be legitimatelycompared. Average rate of O2 consumption of a human maleduring ordinary daily activities: 25 L/h. Number of years afterhis birth when Caesar was mortally stabbed near the RomanForum: 56 years. Number of liters of O2 per mole: 22.4 L/mol.Number of moles of O2 in Earth’s atmosphere: 3.7 × 1019 mol.Number of molecules per mole: 6 × 1023 molecules/mol. Amountof O2 per liter of air at sea level (20°C): 195 mL/L. Be prepared tobe surprised! Of course, criticize the calculations if you feel theydeserve criticism.arrow_forwardAntioxidants such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) or vitamin E play a critical protective role in the body. These compounds are thought to "scavenge" free radicals produced in the body before they are able to cause damage. In this process, the antioxidant is oxidized, transforming the free radical into a less reactive species that is eliminated from the body. Ascorbic acid undergoes chemically reversible oxidation to dehydroascorbic acid. Suggest a method that will accurately determine the number of electrons involved in this oxidation. Be specific as to what you will measure and how you will relate it to the number of electrons involved in this oxidationarrow_forwardWhy do organisms using or living in the presence of oxygen need to eliminate these chemical species ( free radicals)? in reference to oxygen usage which organisms must produce enzymes that detoxify free radicals?arrow_forward
- Which of these are valid sulfur cycle pathways? Sedimentation of thiosulfates Anoxic emission of sulfides Atmospheric S6 deposition O Elemental sulfur oxidation by Thiobacillus Mineralization of organic and inorganic sulfates O co2 photochemolithotrophic fixation by anaerobic bacteria Mineral formation from reduced sulfidesarrow_forwardThe photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? 6CO2 + 12H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2S C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O 6CO2 + 12H2Oarrow_forwardEnzymes act by reducing the activation energy of areaction. Describe several ways in which this isaccomplished.arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education