Concept explainers
To review:
About the feedback inhibition and the mechanism by which the figure 1 fits into the systems diagram, shown in figure 2.
Given:
The feedback inhibition mechanism of a
The systems diagram representing different pathways and their intersections is represented in figure 2.
A metabolic pathway catalyzed by an enzyme is represented by each line.
Each node represents a metabolite (small molecule).
Several metabolic pathways and metabolites intersect and overlap each other.
Figure 2: A systems diagram representing complex interactions of several metabolic pathways, their points or intersection and overlap, which takes place inside the human body.
Introduction:
A feedback is the mechanism utilized by the end product of a reaction sends feedback about the continuity of reaction. It is the mechanism by which hormone in the blood/body is maintained. The mechanism can be positive or negative. The positive feedback mechanism consists of cycles when end product of a reaction sends feedback about continuity of reaction. For example, release of oxytocin hormone during childbirth. The negative feedback mechanism consists of cycles when end product of a reaction sends feedback about inhibition of reaction. For example, in case of insulin, hormone is used in regulation of glucose.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 8 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
- At what substrate concentration would an enzyme with a kcat of 25.0 s-1 and a KM of 3.5 mM operate at 25% of its maximal rate? How many reactions would the enzyme catalyze in 45 seconds when it is fully saturated with substate, assuming the enzyme has one active site?arrow_forwardEnzyme X and enzyme Y catalyze the same reaction and exhibit the νo versus [S] curves shown below. Which enzyme is more effi cient at low [S]? Which is more effi cient at high [S]?arrow_forwardYou have isolated a dimeric enzyme that contains two identical active sites. The binding of substrate to one active site decreases the substrate affinity of the other active site. Can the concerted model account for this negative cooperativity?arrow_forward
- In the scheme below which represents the mechanism of action for a large number of enzymes: A+B⟺AB⟶C The steady state approximation is reached when: d[AB]/dt≈0 k2≫k1 k−1≫k1 k−1=k1arrow_forwardA very special property of enzymes is Feedback inhibition. What is feedback inhibition? Draw a hypothetical cyclic pathway where in there are 7 reactions to show feedback inhibition.arrow_forwardGraph a double reciprocal plot that satisfy the following: a. Michaelis-Menten kinetics enzyme, b. an inhibitor that binds only free enzyme (competitive), c. an inhibitor that binds only enzyme-substrate complex.arrow_forward
- Would you expect an “enzyme” designed to bind to its target substrate astightly as it binds the reaction transition state to show a rate enhancementover the uncatalyzed reaction? In other words, would such a protein actuallybe a catalyst? Explain why or why not.arrow_forwardIf you graph the velocity of an enzymecatalyzed reaction vs. [S] for each of two substrates that are partof a random mechanism, would you expect to see the same shapecurve? Why or why not?arrow_forwardWhat are the cellular advantages to feedback inhibition?arrow_forward
- How do non-competitive inhibitors affect KM and Vmax? (explain with details) Feedback inhibition typically impedes the activity of the enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step of a metabolic pathway, rather than an enzyme that catalyzes a later step in the pathway. Why is this adaptive?arrow_forwardAn Eadie-Hofstee plot is shown below for the different types of enzyme inhibition. Match the line withthe type of inhibition.(a) Line A Inhibition Mechanism. Ans: ________(b) Line B Inhibition Mechanism. Ans: ________(c) Line C Inhibition Mechanism. Ans: ________arrow_forwardHow does competitive inhibition differ from non-competitive inhibition?arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education