Biology: Concepts and Investigations
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260259049
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 3WIO
Obtain a rubber band and twist it as m any times as you can. What happens to the overall shape of the rubber band? How is this similar to what happens to chromosomes as a cell prepares to divide? How is it different?
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Put the following levels of chromosome organization in order from least complex (least packaged form) to most complex (most packaged form).
DNA strand
30-nm fiber
Heterochromatin
Euchromatin
Some plants have a hard, cellulose layer protecting them. This hardened layer will prevent the detergent from breaking down the cell wall. Can you think of another way to break open the cells?
Note: The cell lysis and mashing the fruit with your hands or using a blender helps homogenize the DNA. Homogenization is the process of releasing DNA from the nuclei of the cells by breaking apart the cell walls, plasma membranes and nuclear envelope. It also helps to create a uniform mixture.
Although you can see chromosomes as they are lined up or being separated
during mitosis with a light microscope, you cannot see the DNA while it is being
replicated with the same microscope. Why not?
Chromosomes do not contain protein until mitosis.
Chromosomes are outside the nucleus during replication.
Chromosomes are visible only before DNA has been duplicated.
Chromosomes are not condensed during S phase so they cannot be seen by light
microscopy.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology: Concepts and Investigations
Ch. 8.1 - Explain the roles of mitotic cell division,...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1MCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 4MCCh. 8.3 - Which cell types divide by binary fission?Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 2MC
Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 1MCCh. 8.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8.5 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8.5 - Prob. 4MCCh. 8.5 - Distinguish between mitosis and cytokinesis.Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 4MCCh. 8.6 - Prob. 5MCCh. 8.7 - Prob. 1MCCh. 8.7 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8.8 - Prob. 1MCCh. 8.8 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8 - A DNA molecule is placed in a test tube containing...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 8 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 8 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 8 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 8 - Prob. 1WIOCh. 8 - Write and explain an analogy for each of these DNA...Ch. 8 - Obtain a rubber band and twist it as m any times...Ch. 8 - Sketch and describe the events that occur when a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5WIOCh. 8 - List the ways that binary fission is similar to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 8 - Prob. 8WIOCh. 8 - Prob. 9WIOCh. 8 - Prob. 1PITCh. 8 - Prob. 2PITCh. 8 - Prob. 3PIT
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- Open the bag of fruit and add 2 teaspoons of your DNA extraction buffer. What are cell membranes made of? Which parts are hydrophobic and which are hydrophilic?arrow_forward1 3 4 Here is a replication fork during S phase of the cell cycle. DNA strands are labeled 1-4. After mitosis and cytokinesis is complete, One daughter cell will have strands 18&2, another will have strands 3&4 One cell will have 1&3, the other will have 2&4 Each of the strands (1-4) will be in a different cell. All four strands will end up in the same cell, and the other cell will have the complementary strands. Both A and B are equally likely.arrow_forwardAfter division of the nucleus, the chromosomes are in the shape of what letter of the alphabet – I or X?arrow_forward
- Hypothetically, a cell has DNA that weighs 10 picograms. This cell goes through S phase and is about to undergo mitosis. How much does the DNA of this cell weight now? How much would the DNA of the two cells produced at the end of mitosis weigh? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardWhich type of chromatin makes dark bands? Does this type usually contain more or less active genes? Group of answer choices 1. Euchromatin; less active genes because the DNA is more tightly packed 2. Heterochromatin; more active genes because DNA is less tightly packed 3. Heterochromatin; less active genes because the DNA is more tightly packed 4. Euchromatin; more active genes because DNA is less tightly packedarrow_forwardwhat is the difference between chromatid and chromatin?arrow_forward
- What is the structural organization of chromatin in the correct order? O 30-nm fiber, protein scaffold. O nucleosome, protein scaffold, chromosome. O nucleosome, protein scaffold, chromosome. O nucleosome, 30-nm fiber, protein scaffold, chromosome.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following entries most accurately states the number of DNA double helices comprising one chromatid? 1 2 4 8 16arrow_forwardIn a dividing cell, the duplicated sets of chromosomes move along microtubules to opposite ends of the cell. How would you use an inhibitor to show that microtubules are essential for chromosome separation? What control treatment(s) would you use? What kind of cell junctions would you expect to find, and why, in a small animal where a chemical signal passes rapidly through cells to go from the head to the tail?arrow_forward
- ganism you are working with has the following chromosomes. Place the chromosomes of this organism onto the cell below such that the diagram accurately shows a cell from this organism in metaphase of mitosis. Note 1: Only place chromosomes you need. You don't need them all. Note 2: You can place the 'Blank Box' image if you don't think you need a chromosome at a particular position. Deshed ine the metaphase platearrow_forwardWhen chromatin is treated with non-specific nucleases, what is the length of the resulting pieces of DNAarrow_forwardDNA replication is a process that involves copying the DNA molecule. If a single base was miscopied, what would be a possible result of this for the cell in which it happened? Top of Form All the proteins the cell creates from the miscopied strand will do different jobs than the old ones. If the new sequence codes for the same amino acid as the original cell, it will function normally. Both new DNA strands will end up together in a new cell, and the inaccurate one will be discarded. Any miscopied DNA will be replaced with an accurate DNA copy once the cell divides.arrow_forward
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