CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136538820
Author: Taylor
Publisher: INTER PEAR
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Chapter 8, Problem 22TYK
What you think of as “a banana” is a Cavendish, one variety of the species Musa acuminate. It is a triploid organism (3n) with three sets of chromosomes in every somatic cell. The Cavendish cannot be naturally bred; it can only be reproduced by cloning. Explain how its triploid state accounts for its inability to form normal gametes. Discuss how the lack of sexual reproduction might make the species particularly vulnerable to a new pest.
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One reason that worker bees forgo their own reproduction to help their sister (the queen) reproduce is that female bees are more closely related to their sisters than they are to their own offspring. This quirk of genetics results from the fact that bees have haplodiploid sex determination, in which females are diploid, with a mother and a father, but males are haploid, developing from unfertilized eggs. Because males are haploid, they produce sperm by mitosis. Explainwhy haplodiploid sex determination causes females to be more closely related to their sisters than to their offspring.
Why is parthenogenesis in bees considered to be a form of asexual reproduction?
Select one:
a. The male drone is made from a haploid egg. Fertilization is not part of the process to make a male drone.
b. The formation of the original haploid cell was achieved using binary fission.
c. Although genetic material is transferred from one cell to another using conjugation, the resulting cells will be identical to each other.
d. The haploid male bees were made through the process of meiosis, so they are identical to the parent egg cell.
If red vizcacha rats (Tympanoctomys barrerae) have 100 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes in each of their diploid somatic cells, then they must have:
only 102 chromosomes in their haploid germ cells
only 100 chromosomes in their haploid germ cells
only 52 chromosomes in their haploid germ cells
only 51 chromosomes in their haploid germ cells
only 50 chromosomes in their haploid germ cells
Chapter 8 Solutions
CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
Ch. 8 - Complete the following table to compare mitosis...Ch. 8 - If an intestinal cell in a grasshopper contains 24...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is not a function of...Ch. 8 - It is difficult to observe individual chromosomes...Ch. 8 - A fruit fly somatic cell contains 8 chromosomes....Ch. 8 - If a fragment of a chromosome breaks off and then...Ch. 8 - Which of the following phases of mitosis is...Ch. 8 - A biochemist measured the amount of DNA in cells...Ch. 8 - A micrograph of a dividing cell from a mouse...Ch. 8 - Cytochalasin B is a chemical that disrupts...
Ch. 8 - Why are individuals with an extra chromosome 21,...Ch. 8 - In the light micrograph below of dividing cells...Ch. 8 - An organism called a plasmodial slime mold is one...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 8 - Discuss the factors that control the division of...Ch. 8 - Compare cytokinesis in plant and animal cells. In...Ch. 8 - Sketch a cell with three pairs of chromosomes...Ch. 8 - Suppose you read in the newspaper that a genetic...Ch. 8 - Bacteria are able to divide on a faster schedule...Ch. 8 - Prob. 20TYKCh. 8 - A mule is the offspring of a horse and a donkey. A...Ch. 8 - What you think of as a banana is a Cavendish, one...Ch. 8 - SCIENTIFIC THINKING The study described in Module...
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- Each sperm of a tomato plant contains seven chromosomes. What are the haploid and diploid number for tomatoes? haploid=7 and diploid=14 haploid=14 and diploid=7 haploid=7 and diploid=49 haploid=3 and diploid=7arrow_forwardThe developing egg cell of a plant with a diploid chromosome number 20 was treated with colchicine. A normal sperm cell subsequently fertilized this egg. How many chromosomes would you expect to find in the zygote? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is impossible? A diploid cell undergoing mitosis A haploid cell undergoing meiosis A diploid cell undergoing meiosis A haploid cell undergoing mitosisarrow_forward
- Most eukaryotic organisms use sexual reproduction as their primary means of perpetuating their species. Gametes are formed via meiosis. However, some species primarily reproduce via asexual means. Reproduction is accomplished via mitosis. Aspen trees most commonly reproduce by such asexual methods of cloning.What are the advantages and disadvantages of reproduction by asexual means? Why do some species reproduce in this manner? Why don't all species?arrow_forwardSuppose that you found a species S. ambivala that is closely related to S. latifolia, such that they share the same Y chromosome marker. However, S. ambivala is hermaphroditic. What would you expect to see on your gel, if you had taken twenty randomly chosen S. ambivala plants, and performed the same experiment?arrow_forwardWhich of the following would not be considered a component of sexual reproduction? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer a Production of eges and sperm in separate sexes in an animal species b. Gradual acquisition of multiple mutations in a purely mitotically dividing eukaryotic single celled organism Occasional production of diploids through fusions of cells of opposite mating types in a yeast that largely reproduces through clonal mitotic divisions "Alteration of generations" between haploid and diploid organisms in a fernarrow_forward
- Explain why the following statement is false: Sexual reproduction is the only mechanism for genetic change.arrow_forwardThe process of meiosis occurs during the cell cycle production and results in four unique diploid four identical diploid cells four unique haploid cells four identical haploid cells . To maintain the correct number of chromosomes in offspring, male and female gametes contain the same number half of the number twice the number of chromosomes as somatic cells. During fertilization, gametes fuse to form a diploid haplid cell called a zygote.arrow_forwardTermites have a haplo-diploid sex determination system where females develop from a fertilized egg (they are diploid, having one allele from the female cueen and one allele from the male), and males develop from unfertilized eggs (they are haploid, having only one allele from the queen). Assuming that the female parent (queen) is heterozygous for a particular gene, what is the probability that a female offspring will inherit the recessive allele from her mother? What is the probability that a male offspring will inherit a recessive allele from his mother? O A. The probability that a daughter will inherit a recessive allele from her mother is 50%; the probability that a son will inherit a recessive allele from his mather is 50%. OB. Ihe probobility that a daughter will inherit a recessive allele from her mother is 0%; the probability that a son will inherit a recessive allele from his mother is 100%. O C. The probability that a daughter will inherit a recessive allele from her mother is…arrow_forward
- Consider a species of wasp in which females are diploid and come from fertilized eggs, while males are haploid and come from unfertilized eggs. Assuming that a queen mates with only one male, determine the coefficient of relationship (r) for each of the following. a)A female (worker) to her sister: b)A female (worker) to her brother: c)A female (worker) to her fatherarrow_forwardIn eukaryotic reproduction two haploid gametes fuse together to produce a diploid zygote which will grow into a new living organism with characteristics from both parents. true or false?arrow_forwardYou are investigating two temperature-sensitive mutant cells. In one, you can inactivate shugoshin activity by raising the temperature slightly at the start of meiosis. In the other, you can similarly inactivate separase activity by raising the temperature. How would the two cells be affected by inactivating these proteins?arrow_forward
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