Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696534
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., John M. Cimbala
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 8, Problem 139P
Consider flow front a reservoir through a horizontal pipe of length L and diameter D that penetrates into the side wall at a vertical distance H from the free surface. The flow rate through an actual pipe with a reentrant section (KL = 0.8) is considerably less than the flow rate through the hole calculated assuming frictionless” flow and thus zero loss. Obtain a relation for the “equivalent diameter” of the reentrant pipe for use in relations for frictionless flow through a hole and determine its value for a pipe friction factor, length. and diameter of 0.018, 10 m, and 004 au. respectively. Assume the friction factor of the pipe to remain constant and the effect of the kinetic energy correction factor lo be negligible.
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Problem:
Water at 25 deg C (998 kg/m3) flows at 10 m3/s through a straight pipe of an ID of 1.38 m to 2 m-ID. Consider the level of the entrance and terminal bottom walls of the pipe equal, neglecting the effects of potential energy. In addition, the shaft work is zero. Calculate the pressure drop assuming the pipe is a commercial steel pipe. Use the values provided by the set-up you have come-up with(link to demonstrate the set up - https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/cheerpj/fluid-pressure-and-flow/latest/fluid-pressure-and-flow.html?simulation=fluid-pressure-and-flow). Do not neglect the effects of friction losses.
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Problem:
Water at 25 deg C (998 kg/m3) flows at 10 m3/s through a straight pipe of an ID of 1.38 m to 2 m-ID. Consider the level of the entrance and terminal bottom walls of the pipe equal, neglecting the effects of potential energy. In addition, the shaft work is zero. Calculate the pressure drop assuming the pipe is a commercial steel pipe. Use the values provided by the set-up you have come-up with. Do not neglect the effects of friction losses.
How does the black dots in the modified set-up differ from the control? What does these dots mean or represent?
What is the flow regime?
Compute for the values of the form friction and skin friction based on the values from the metering devices.
What should be the theoretical length of the pipe for a given pressure drop?
Suppose there are no friction losses, what is the theoretical pressure drop?
Water is to be pumped (whose characteristics below) from one large open tank into an apparatus working under a pressure of 2 atm. The pipe diameter is 0.15 m and the pipe length is 61 m. There are minor losses at the entrance, exit and throughout the pipe. The friction factor will be taken as 0.02. JEfficiency of the pump =0.7 Calculate: The flow-rate and shaft-power needed when the pump is operated at 1000 rev/min. The flow rate and the power when the speed of the pump increased by 10%. c) The flow rate and the power when two pump operate at parallel.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
Ch. 8 - How is the hydrodynamic entry length defined for...Ch. 8 - Why are liquids usually transported in circular...Ch. 8 - What is the physical significance of the Reynolds...Ch. 8 - Consider a person walking first in air and then in...Ch. 8 - Show that the Reynolds number for flow in a...Ch. 8 - Which fluid at room temperature requires a larger...Ch. 8 - What is the eneia1Iy accepted value of the...Ch. 8 - Consider the flow of air and wale in pipes of the...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar flow in a circular pipe. Is the...Ch. 8 - How does surface roughness affect the pressure...
Ch. 8 - What is hydraulic diameter? How is it defined?...Ch. 8 - Shown here is a cool picture of water being...Ch. 8 - What fluid property is responsible for the...Ch. 8 - In the fully developed region of flow in a...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that the volume flow rate in a...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that the average velocity in a...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that the shear stress at the center...Ch. 8 - Someone claims that in fully developed turbulent...Ch. 8 - How does the wall shear stress w , vary along the...Ch. 8 - How is the friction factor for flow in a pipe...Ch. 8 - Discuss whether fully developed pipe flow is one-,...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed flow in a circular pipe...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed laminar how in a...Ch. 8 - Explain why the friction factor is independent of...Ch. 8 - Consider laminar flow of air in a circular pipe...Ch. 8 - Consider fully developed laminar flow in a...Ch. 8 - How is head loss related to pressure loss? 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