(a) Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br − and Cl − in a polar protic solvent is to be identified. Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.8, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar aprotic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. However, in polar aprotic solvent, O−H bond or N−H is absent.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of HS− and F− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

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Identify the stronger nucleophile in each pair of anions.a. Br- or Cl- in a polar protic solventb. HO- or Cl- in a polar aprotic solventc. HS- or F- in a polar protic solvent

Identify the stronger nucleophile in each pair of anions. a.Br− or Cl− in a polar protic solvent b.HO− or Cl− in a polar aprotic solvent c.HS− or F− in a polar protic solvent

Rank the nucleophiles in each group in order of increasing nucleophilicity. a.−OH, −NH2, H2O b.−OH, Br−, F− (polar aprotic solvent) c.H2O, −OH, CH3CO2−

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.8, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar aprotic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. However, in polar aprotic solvent, O−H bond or N−H is absent.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of HS− and F− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.8, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar aprotic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. However, in polar aprotic solvent, O−H bond or N−H is absent.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of HS− and F− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.8, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar aprotic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. However, in polar aprotic solvent, O−H bond or N−H is absent.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of HS− and F− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7.8, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar aprotic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. However, in polar aprotic solvent, O−H bond or N−H is absent.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of HS− and F− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Answer 6

Chapter 7.8, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Answer 7

Chapter 7.8, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar aprotic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. However, in polar aprotic solvent, O−H bond or N−H is absent.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of Br− and Cl− in a polar aprotic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. However, in polar aprotic solvent, O−H bond or N−H is absent.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of HS− and F− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The stronger nucleophile out of HS− and F− in a polar protic solvent is to be identified.

Concept introduction: Solvent is required to dissolve the starting material in it. The substitution reaction involves polar starting reactant which is soluble in polar solvent. A solvent in which hydrogen atom is bonded to electronegative O or N atom is termed as polar protic solvent. The nucleophilicity of anion that has small size is higher than the anion that has larger size.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 7.1 - Problem 7.1 Telfairine, a naturally occurring...Ch. 7.2 - Give the IUPAC name for each compound. a. b. c. d.Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 3P Ch. 7.3 - An sp3 hybridized CCl bond is more polar than an...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 5P Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 6P Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 10P Ch. 7.8 - Prob. 15P Ch. 7.8 - Prob. 16P Ch. 7.8 - Prob. 17P

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