Foundations in Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259705212
Author: Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess Instructor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 7.3, Problem 12CYP
12. Compare the effects of isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions on an amoeba and on a bacterial cell. If a cell lives in a hypotonic environment, what will occur if it is placed in a hypertonic one? Answer for the opposite case as well.
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Compare the effects of isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutionson an amoeba and on a bacterial cell. If a cell lives in a hypotonicenvironment, what will occur if it is placed in a hypertonicone? Answer for the opposite case as well.
6.
A carrot, when dried out, becomes soft. There is a way to make it firm and crisp.
Explain how and why, using the following guidelines.
a) Draw and label a representative cell of the carrot, in its dried state. Be precise in your drawing.
b)Describe the type of extracellular solution that is appropriate to add to make the desired change (name and define what type of solution, the net movements of solvent and solutes, etc.).
c)Draw a representative cell of the carrot, in its possible state after the change. Represent the movement of water using an arrow to indicate what has happened.
I.
On this table, show in diagram or illustration how cells behave in different
conditions
Hypotonic
Solution
2. Lysing
Hypertonic
solution
3.Shriveled
Type of cell
Isotonic
Solution
1. Normal cell
Animal cell
4. Flaccid
5. Turgid
|6. Plasmolyzed
Plant cell
Chapter 7 Solutions
Foundations in Microbiology
Ch. 7.1 - 1. Describe the major environmental factors to...Ch. 7.1 - 2. Define nutrition and nutrients and their...Ch. 7.1 - 3. Differentiate between organic and inorganic...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 4ELOCh. 7.1 - Prob. 1CYPCh. 7.1 - Prob. 2CYPCh. 7.1 - 3. List the general functions of the essential...Ch. 7.1 - 4. Define growth factors and metallic ions with...Ch. 7.2 - 5. Describe the main categories of nutritional...Ch. 7.2 - 6. Distinguish different types of autotrophs and...
Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 7ELOCh. 7.2 - 5. Compare autotrophs and heterotrophs with...Ch. 7.2 - 6. Describe the nutritional strategy of two types...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 7CYPCh. 7.2 - Prob. 8CYPCh. 7.3 - 8. Describe the basic factors in diffusion and...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 9ELOCh. 7.3 - 10. Analyze adaptations microbes make in response...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 11ELOCh. 7.3 - 9. Compare and contrast passive and active forms...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 10CYPCh. 7.3 - 11. Explain the differences between facilitated...Ch. 7.3 - 12. Compare the effects of isotonic, hypotonic,...Ch. 7.4 - 12. Differentiate between habitat and niche.Ch. 7.4 - 13. Describe the range of temperatures a microbe...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 14ELOCh. 7.4 - Prob. 15ELOCh. 7.4 - Prob. 16ELOCh. 7.4 - Prob. 17ELOCh. 7.4 - Prob. 13CYPCh. 7.4 - Prob. 14CYPCh. 7.4 - 15. Explain what it means to be an obligate...Ch. 7.4 - 16. Where in the body are anaerobic habitats apt...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 17CYPCh. 7.5 - 18. Outline the types of associations among...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 19ELOCh. 7.5 - Prob. 20ELOCh. 7.5 - Prob. 21ELOCh. 7.5 - Prob. 22ELOCh. 7.5 - Prob. 18CYPCh. 7.5 - Prob. 19CYPCh. 7.5 - Prob. 20CYPCh. 7.5 - 21. Relate several advantages to communication...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 23ELOCh. 7.6 - 24. Describe the process of population growth and...Ch. 7.6 - 25. Explain the stages in the population growth...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 26ELOCh. 7.6 - 22. What is microbial growth? Explain the stages...Ch. 7.6 - 23. Why is growth called exponential? What causes...Ch. 7.6 - 24. Contrast two different methods of detecting...Ch. 7.6 - 25. Explain the relationship between colony counts...Ch. 7.L1 - 1. An organic nutrient essential to an...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 7.L1 - 3. An organism that can synthesize all its...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 7.L1 - 6. Which of the following substances are required...Ch. 7.L1 - 7. A pathogen would most accurately be described...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 7.L1 - 12. Which of the following is not involved in...Ch. 7.L1 - 13. Superoxide ion is toxic to strict anaerobes...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 14MCQCh. 7.L1 - 15. In a viable plate count, each ____ represents...Ch. 7.L1 - 16. The stage in population growth with the...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 2CSRCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 3CSRCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 1WCCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 2WCCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 3WCCh. 7.L1 - Prob. 4WCCh. 7.L1 - 5. a. What biochemical events in quorum sensing...Ch. 7.L1 - 6. Explain what is happening to the population at...Ch. 7.L1 - Prob. 7WCCh. 7.L2 - 1. a. Is there a microbe that could grow on a...Ch. 7.L2 - 2. Describe how one might determine the nutrient...Ch. 7.L2 - 3. Patients with ketoacidosis associated with...Ch. 7.L2 - Prob. 4CTCh. 7.L2 - 5. Provide some suggestions for treating anaerobic...Ch. 7.L2 - Prob. 6CTCh. 7.L2 - Prob. 7CTCh. 7.L2 - Prob. 8CTCh. 7.L2 - 9. Describe the similarities and differences...Ch. 7.L2 - 1. Place appropriate points on the axes and draw...Ch. 7.L2 - Prob. 2VC
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- 7. Label the following diagrams of Red Blood Cells and Plant Cells as being examples of cells contained in Isotonic, Hypertonic and Hypotonic solutions. H,0 H,0 H,0 H,0 H,0 H,0 H,0 H,0arrow_forward1.Base on your understanding of plant and animal cell osmosis, what condition do you think plant cells prefer? 2. What condition do you think animal cells prefer? Consider the question: How is solute concentration related to the change in the weight of plant cells (like potato cells)? 5. Write a hypothesis from the above question. Write one if statement and make three predictions(then statements) regarding how the cell will change (weight) in (1) hypertonic,(2) hypotonic, and (3) isotonic conditions:arrow_forward47. When a scientist perceives substance moving from an area of high to low concentration, which one of the below statements CANNOT be assumed ? ( identify the false statement !!!) Group of answer choices the movement may continue until equilibrium is reached this could be a classical example of simple diffusion occurs when bacteria are in low nutrient availability environment the cell most likely is not utilising energy the energy exertion / input is for an downhill process 48. Identify the MISMATCH pair from the following, Group of answer choices zoophilic :::: transmitted through wool wound mycoses :::: chromoblastomycoses Melassezia furfur :::: pityriasis versicolor cutaneous mycoses :::: dermatophytoses superficial mycoses :::: mycetomasarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true for the figure in question 8? a. The net movement of solutes is into the cell. b. There is no concentration gradient. c. There is a potential for plasmolysis. d. The solvent will move against its concentration gradient. e. If this were a plant cell, turgor pressure would be maintained.arrow_forwardCompare the effects of isotonic,hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions on anamoeba and on a bacterial cell. If a cell lives in a hypotonic environment, what will occur if it is placed in a hypertonic one?arrow_forward28. What could be inferred about the level of concentration of the solution inside and outside of the cell in Solution C before any movement of water had taken place? A. The percentage of solution concentration inside and outside the cell is equal B. The percentage of solution concentration inside and outside the cell is constant. C. The percentage of solution concentration inside the cell is greater than outside the cell D. The percentage of solution concentration inside the cell is lesser than outside the cellarrow_forward
- 3. The diagram to the right depicts a cell submerged in a solution. The cell membrane is permeable to water but not to sugar. Start by completing the % concentrations of water of the intracellular and extracellular solutions. a) What is the cytosol in this example? (circle the correct term below) hypotonic hypertonic isotonic b) How do you know? 30% Sugar % Water d) Predict: What is going to happen to the size(mass) of the cell? 60% Sugar % Water c) Because the solutions are not isotonic, osmosis is going to occur. In what direction is water going to move? e) Predict: What is going to happen to the extracellular solute concentration?arrow_forwardIf a bacterial cell is placed in a hypertonic (hyperosmotic) solution: There is no net movement of water either into or out of the cell O O Water moves through the plasma membrane out of the cell, causing plasmolysis The cell may undergo osmotic lysis Water moves through the plasma membrane into the cell None of the other four answers describes what happens in a hypertonic solutionarrow_forward1. Which of the following statements is true? Mitochondria likely originated from an aerobic bacterium engulfed by a pre eukaryotic cell, the signal sequence that directs proteins into mitochondria matrix is a hydrophilic helix; proteins import into mitochondria cross the membrane in folded state; no energy is required for proteins import into mitochondria 2. Which of the following statements about vesicular transport is true? Clathrin is the only coat proteins used in vesicle formation; motor proteins are not needed for vesicular transport; the orientation of transmembrane proteins is not preserved during vesicular transport; cargo proteins do not cross membrane during vesicular transport 3. Which of the following statements regarding the nucleus is true? The nucleus is surrounded by a single layer of membrane, the nuclear envelope is not connected with the ER membrane, proteins of any size can freely diffuse through the nuclear pore complexesarrow_forward
- A wilted flower placed in a vase of fresh hwater for several hours became stiff and stood erect. When it was placed in a salt solution, it wilted. From this information, which of the following statements BEST describes the cells of the flower? Group of answer choices hypotonic to both freshwater and the salt solution hypertonic to freshwater but hypotonic to the salt solution hypertonic to both the freshwater and the salt solution hypotonic to freshwater but hypertonic to the salt solutionarrow_forward7. Give an example of a situation where BIP would be expected to bind your made up protein in the cell 8. Give an example of a protein transport system that moves folded proteins across membranes 9. How does the cell achieve unidirectional transport of proteins into the nucleus? BASE ON PROTEINarrow_forwardCelery stalks that are immersed in fresh water for several hours become stiff. Similar stalks left in a 0.15 M salt solution become limp. From this we can deduce that the fresh water_____. and the salt solution are both hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalks is hypotonic and the salt solution is hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalks is hypertonic and the salt solution is hypotonic to the cells of the celery stalks is isotonic and the salt solution is hypertonic to the cells of the celery stalksarrow_forward
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