Calculus Volume 2
Calculus Volume 2
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168062
Author: Gilbert Strang, Edwin Jed Herman
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 7.1, Problem 1SP

The Witch of Agnesi

Many plane curves in mathematics are named after the people who first investigated them, like the folium of Descartes or the spiral of Archimedes. However, perhaps the strangest name for a curve is the witch of Agnesi. Why a witch?

Maria Gaetana Agnesi (1718—1799) was one of the few recognized women mathematicians of eighteenth-century Italy. She wrote a popular book on analytic geometry, published in 1748, which included an interesting curve that had been studied by Fermat in 1630. The mathematician Guido Grandi showed in 1703 how to construct this curve, which he later called the “versiera,” a Latin term for a rope used in sailing. Agnesi used the Italian term for this rope, “versiera,” but in Latin, this same word means a "female goblin.” When Agnesi’s book was translated into English in 1801, the translator used the term “witch” for the curve, instead of rope. The name “witch of Agnesi” has stuck ever since.

The witch of Agnesi is a curve defined as follows: Start with a Circle of radius a so that the points (0, 0) and (0, 2a) are points on the circle (Figure 7.12). Let O denote the origin. Choose any other point A on the circle, and draw the secant line OA. Let B denote the point at which the line OA intersects the horizontal line through (0, 2a). The vertical line through B intersects the horizontal line through A at the point P. As the point A varies, the path that the point P travels is the witch of Agnesi curve for the given circle.

Witch of Agnesi curves have applications in physics, including modeling water waves and distributions of spectral lines. In probability theory, the curve describes the probability density function of the Cauchy distribution. In this project you will parameterize these curves.

Chapter 7.1, Problem 1SP, The Witch of Agnesi Many plane curves in mathematics are named after the people who first

On the figure, label the following points, lengths, and angle:

a. C is the point 011 the x-axis with the same x-Coordinate as A.

b. x is the x-coordinate of P, and y is the y-coordinate of P.

c. E is the point (0, a).

d. F is the point on the line segment 0A such that the line segment EF is perpendicular to the line segment OA.

e. b is the distance from O to F .

f. c is the distance from F to A.

g. d is the distance from O to B.

h. θ is the measure of angle C O A .

The goal of this project is to parameterize the witch using θ as a parameter. To do this, write equations for x and y in terms of only θ.

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Chapter 7 Solutions

Calculus Volume 2

Ch. 7.1 - Travels with My Ant: The Curtate and Prolate...Ch. 7.1 - Travels with My Ant: The Curtate and Prolate...Ch. 7.1 - Travels with My Ant: The Curtate and Prolate...Ch. 7.1 - Travels with My Ant: The Curtate and Prolate...Ch. 7.1 - For the following, exercises, sketch the curves...Ch. 7.1 - For the following, exercises, sketch the curves...Ch. 7.1 - For the following, exercises, sketch the curves...Ch. 7.1 - For the following, exercises, sketch the curves...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, eliminate the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, use technology (CAS...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, use technology (CAS...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, use technology (CAS...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, use technology (CAS...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - For the following exercises, the pairs of...Ch. 7.1 - Show that x=h+rcosy=k+rsin represents the equation...Ch. 7.1 - Use the equations in the preceding problem to find...Ch. 7.1 - For the following Exercises, use a graphing...Ch. 7.1 - For the following Exercises, use a graphing...Ch. 7.1 - For the following Exercises, use a graphing...Ch. 7.1 - An airplane traveling horizontally at 100 m/s over...Ch. 7.1 - The trajectory of a bullet is given by...Ch. 7.1 - [T] Use technology to sketch the curve represented...Ch. 7.1 - [T] Use technology to sketch x=2tan(t),y=3sec(t),t...Ch. 7.1 - Sketch the curve known as all epitrochoid, which...Ch. 7.1 - [T] Use technology to sketch the spiral curve...Ch. 7.1 - [T] Use technology to graph the curve given by the...Ch. 7.1 - [T] Sketch the curve given by parametric equations...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, each set of...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, each set of...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, each set of...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, each set of...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, determine the slope...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, determine the slope...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, determine the slope...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, determine the slope...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, determine the slope...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find all points on...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find all points on...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find all points on...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find all points on...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, write the equation of...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, write the equation of...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, write the equation of...Ch. 7.2 - For x=sin(2t),y=2sint where 0t2 . Find all values...Ch. 7.2 - For x=sin(2t),y=2sint where 0t2 . Find all values...Ch. 7.2 - Find all points on the curve x=4cos(t),y=4sin(t)...Ch. 7.2 - Find dydx for x=sin(t),y=cos(t) .Ch. 7.2 - Find the equation of the tangent line to...Ch. 7.2 - For the curve x=4t,y=3t2 , find the slope and...Ch. 7.2 - For the parametric curve whose equation is...Ch. 7.2 - Find the slope and concavity for the curve whose...Ch. 7.2 - Find all points on the curve x=t+4,y=t33t at which...Ch. 7.2 - Find all points on the curve x=sec,y=tan at which...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find d2y/dx2 . 88....Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find d2y/dx2 . 89....Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find d2y/dx2 . 90....Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find points on the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find points on the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find dy/dx at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find dy/dx at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find dy/dx at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, ?nd d2y/dx2 at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, ?nd d2y/dx2 at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, ?nd d2y/dx2 at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, ?nd d2y/dx2 at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, ?nd d2y/dx2 at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, ?nd d2y/dx2 at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, ?nd d2y/dx2 at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find d2y/dx2 at the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.2 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7.3 - In the following exercises, plot the point whose...Ch. 7.3 - In the following exercises, plot the point whose...Ch. 7.3 - In the following exercises, plot the point whose...Ch. 7.3 - In the following exercises, plot the point whose...Ch. 7.3 - In the following exercises, plot the point whose...Ch. 7.3 - In the following exercises, plot the point whose...Ch. 7.3 - In the following exercises, plot the point whose...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, consider the polar...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, consider the polar...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, consider the polar...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, consider the polar...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, the rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, the rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, the rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, the rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, the rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, the rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, find rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, find rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, find rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, find rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, find rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, find rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, find rectangular...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, determine whether the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, determine whether the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, determine whether the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, determine whether the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, determine whether the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, describe the graph of...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, describe the graph of...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, describe the graph of...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, describe the graph of...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, convert the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, convert the polar...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, convert the polar...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, convert the polar...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, convert the polar...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - For the following exercises, sketch a graph of the...Ch. 7.3 - [T] Use a graphing utility and sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.3 - [T] Use a graphing utility to graph r=11cos .Ch. 7.3 - [T] Use technology to graph r=esin()2cos(4) .Ch. 7.3 - [T] Use technology to plot r=sin(37) (use the...Ch. 7.3 - Without using technology, sketch the polar curve...Ch. 7.3 - [T] Use a graphing utility to plot r=sin for .Ch. 7.3 - [T] Use technology to plot r=e0.1 for 1010 .Ch. 7.3 - [T] There is a curve known as the “Black Hole.”...Ch. 7.3 - [T] Use the results of the preceding two problems...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - For the fallowing exercises, determine a definite...Ch. 7.4 - 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For the following exercises, ?nd the slope of a...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, ?nd the slope of a...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, ?nd the slope of a...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, ?nd the slope of a...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, ?nd the slope of a...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, ?nd the slope of a...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, ?nd the slope of a...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, ?nd the slope of a...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, ?nd the slope of a...Ch. 7.4 - Find the paints on the interval at which the...Ch. 7.4 - For the cardioid r=1+sin , find the slope of the...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, find the slope of the...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, find the slope of the...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, find the slope of the...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, find the slope of the...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, find the points at...Ch. 7.4 - For the following exercises, find the points at...Ch. 7.4 - 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For the following exercises, ?nd a polar equation...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, sketch the graph of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following equations, determine which of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following equations, determine which of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following equations, determine which of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following equations, determine which of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following equations, determine which of...Ch. 7.5 - For the following equations, determine which of...Ch. 7.5 - The mirror in an automobile headlight has a...Ch. 7.5 - A satellite dish is shaped like a paraboloid of...Ch. 7.5 - Consider the satellite dish of the preceding...Ch. 7.5 - A searchlight is shaped like a paraboloid of...Ch. 7.5 - Whispering galleries are rooms designed with...Ch. 7.5 - A person is standing 3 feet from the nearest wall...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, determine the polar...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, determine the pelar...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, determine the pelar...Ch. 7.5 - For the following exercises, determine the polar...Ch. 7 - True or False? Justify your answer with a proof or...Ch. 7 - True or False? Justify your answer with a proof or...Ch. 7 - True or False? Justify your answer with a proof or...Ch. 7 - True or False? Justify your answer with a proof or...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, sketch the parametric...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, sketch the polar...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, sketch the polar...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, find the polar...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, find the polar...Ch. 7 - Fur the following exercises, find the equation of...Ch. 7 - Fur the following exercises, find the equation of...Ch. 7 - Fur the following exercises, find the equation of...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, find the area of the...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, find the arc length...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, find the Cartesian...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, find the Cartesian...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, find the Cartesian...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, determine the...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, determine the...Ch. 7 - For the following exercises, determine the...Ch. 7 - Determine the Cartesian equation describing the...Ch. 7 - The C/1980 E1 comet was observed in 1980. Given an...
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