Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780078021527
Author: Julia Burdge
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 94AP
Explain why the first
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Consider the following data for potassium:
atomic mass
electronegativity
electron affinity
ionization energy
heat of fusion
39.098
48.4
0.82
418.8
(2) K (g) + e
2.33
g
mol
kJ
mol
kJ
mol
You may find additional useful data in the ALEKS Data tab.
→ K (g)
kJ
mol
Does the following reaction absorb or release energy?
(1) K (g) → K (g) + e
Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed
or released by reaction (1) using only the data above?
If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the
amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1):
Does the following reaction absorb or release energy?
Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed
or released by reaction (2) using only the data above?
If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the
amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2):
O release
O absorb
O Can't be decided with the data given.
O yes
Ono
kJ/mol
O release
O absorb
O Can't be decided with the data given.
O yes
O no
kJ/mol
X
S
Consider the following data for osmium:
atomic mass
electronegativity
electron affinity
ionization energy
heat of fusion
190.23
106.1
2.20
840.
31.
g
mol
(1) Os (g) → Os (g) + e
kJ
mol
kJ
mol
You may find additional useful data in the ALEKS Data tab.
kJ
mol
Does the following reaction absorb or release energy?
+
(2) Os (g) + e → Os (g)
Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed
or released by reaction (1) using only the data above?
If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the
amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1):
Does the following reaction absorb or release energy?
Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed
or released by reaction (2) using only the data above?
If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the
amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2):
release
absorb
Can't be decided with the data given.
yes
no
kJ/mol
release
absorb
Can't be decided with the data given.
yes
no
kJ/mol
Consider the following set of successive ionization energies:
IE1=578kJ/mol
IE2=1,820kJ/mol
IE3=2,750kJ/mol
IE4=11,600kJ/mol
To which third-period element do these ionization values belong?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry
Ch. 7.1 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT What element(s) would you...Ch. 7.1 - Practice Problem BUILD
Arrange the following...Ch. 7.1 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Three different...Ch. 7.1 - 7.1.1 Which of the following elements would you...Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 2CPCh. 7.1 - Prob. 3CPCh. 7.2 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Without using a periodic...Ch. 7.2 - Practice ProblemBUILD Identify the elements...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 7.2 - 7.2.1 Which electron configuration is correct for...
Ch. 7.2 - Which of the following equations correctly...Ch. 7.3 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Referring only to a...Ch. 7.3 - Practice Problem BUILD
For which of the following...Ch. 7.3 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE
Based on size and...Ch. 7.4 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Which element. Mg or Al,...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 7.4 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Imagine an...Ch. 7.4 - 7.4.1 Arrange the elements in order of increasing...Ch. 7.4 - Arrange the elements Li. Be. and B in order of...Ch. 7.4 - For each of the following pairs of elements,...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 4CPCh. 7.5 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Would you expect Mg or Al...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 7.5 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE In the same...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 1CPCh. 7.5 - 7.5.2 Which of the following pairs are...Ch. 7.5 - 7.5.3 Select the correct ground-state electron...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 4CPCh. 7.6 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Between which two charges...Ch. 7.6 - Practice ProblemBUILD What must the distance be...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 7.6 - Which of the following species are isoelectronic...Ch. 7.6 - Which of the following are arranged correctly in...Ch. 7.6 - 7.6.3 Which of the following is the most realistic...Ch. 7.6 - Which of the following is the most realistic...Ch. 7.7 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Write electron...Ch. 7.7 - Practice ProblemBUILD List all the species (atoms...Ch. 7.7 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE
Select the correct...Ch. 7.8 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT
Write electron...Ch. 7.8 - Practice Problem BUILD
What common d-block ion...Ch. 7.8 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 7.9 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Arrange the following...Ch. 7.9 - Practice Problem BUILD
List all the common ions...Ch. 7.9 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Which periodic...Ch. 7 - Often we can compare properties of two elements...Ch. 7 - 7.2
The colored spheres represent the ions Based...Ch. 7 - Group 8A exhibits the highest first ionization...Ch. 7 - Which of the following best describes why Z eff...Ch. 7 - 7.1 Briefly describe the significance of...Ch. 7 - What is Moseley's contribution to the modern...Ch. 7 - 7.3 Describe the general layout of a modern...Ch. 7 - 7.4 What is the most important relationship among...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5QPCh. 7 - Prob. 6QPCh. 7 - Prob. 7QPCh. 7 - 7.8 What is a main group element? Give names and...Ch. 7 - 7.9 Without referring to a periodic table, write...Ch. 7 - Prob. 10QPCh. 7 - You are given a sample of a dark, shiny solid and...Ch. 7 - What are valence electrons? For main group...Ch. 7 - Write the outer electron configurations for the...Ch. 7 - Use the first-row transition metals ( Sc to Cu )...Ch. 7 - Arsenic is not an essential element for the human...Ch. 7 - 7.16 In the periodic table, the element hydrogen...Ch. 7 - 7.17 A neutral atom of a certain element has 34...Ch. 7 - 7.18 Group the following electron configurations...Ch. 7 - Group the following electron configurations in...Ch. 7 - Prob. 20QPCh. 7 - Specify the group of the periodic table in which...Ch. 7 - Prob. 22QPCh. 7 - Explain why the atomic radius of Be is smaller...Ch. 7 - The electron configuration of B is 1 S 2 2 S 2 2 P...Ch. 7 - 7 25 The electron configuration of C is . (a) If...Ch. 7 - Define atomic radius. Does the size of an atom...Ch. 7 - How does atomic radius change (a) from left to...Ch. 7 - Prob. 28QPCh. 7 - Sketch the outline of the periodic table, and show...Ch. 7 - Prob. 30QPCh. 7 - Explain the trends in electron affinity from...Ch. 7 - A hydrogen-like ion is an ion containing only one...Ch. 7 - Prob. 33QPCh. 7 - On the basis of their positions in the periodic...Ch. 7 - 7.35 Arrange the following atoms in order of...Ch. 7 - 7.36 Which is the largest atom in the third period...Ch. 7 - Which is the smallest atom in Group 7A ?Ch. 7 - Based on size, identify the spheres shown as Na,...Ch. 7 - Based on size, identify the spheres shown as K,...Ch. 7 - Why is the radius of the lithium atom considerably...Ch. 7 - Use the second period of the periodic table as an...Ch. 7 - Arrange the following in order of increasing first...Ch. 7 - Arrange the following in order of increasing first...Ch. 7 - 7.44 Use the third period of the periodic table as...Ch. 7 - In general, the first ionization energy increases...Ch. 7 - Prob. 46QPCh. 7 - 7.47 Two atoms have the electron configurations ....Ch. 7 - Prob. 48QPCh. 7 - Specify which of the following elements you would...Ch. 7 - Considering their electron affinities, do you...Ch. 7 - Explain why alkali metals have a greater affinity...Ch. 7 - 7.52 How does the electron configuration of ions...Ch. 7 - 7.53 What do we mean when we say that two ions or...Ch. 7 - Prob. 54QPCh. 7 - Give three examples of first-row transition metal...Ch. 7 - A M 2+ ion derived from a metal in the first...Ch. 7 - A metal ion with a net +3 charge has five...Ch. 7 - Prob. 58QPCh. 7 - 7.59 Group the species that are isoelectronic: .
Ch. 7 - 7.60 Write the ground-state electron...Ch. 7 - Prob. 61QPCh. 7 - 7.62 Which of the following species are...Ch. 7 - Prob. 63QPCh. 7 - Prob. 64QPCh. 7 - Indicate which one of the two species in each of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 66QPCh. 7 - Prob. 67QPCh. 7 - Prob. 68QPCh. 7 - Prob. 69QPCh. 7 - Prob. 70QPCh. 7 - Prob. 71QPCh. 7 - Prob. 72QPCh. 7 - Prob. 73QPCh. 7 - Prob. 74QPCh. 7 - Prob. 75QPCh. 7 - Prob. 76QPCh. 7 - Prob. 77QPCh. 7 - Prob. 78QPCh. 7 - 7 79 Write balanced equations for the reactions...Ch. 7 - Write formulas for and name the binary hydrogen...Ch. 7 - Prob. 81QPCh. 7 - Prob. 82APCh. 7 - Prob. 83APCh. 7 - Write equations representing the following...Ch. 7 - Prob. 85APCh. 7 - Write the empirical (or molecular) formulas of...Ch. 7 - 7.87 Arrange the following species in...Ch. 7 - In which of the following are the species written...Ch. 7 - Which of the following properties show a clear...Ch. 7 - Prob. 90APCh. 7 - Prob. 91APCh. 7 - 7.92 For each pair of elements listed, give three...Ch. 7 - What is the most reactive element on the periodic...Ch. 7 - Explain why the first electron affinity of sulfur...Ch. 7 - Prob. 95APCh. 7 - 7.96 Predict the products of the following oxides...Ch. 7 - 7.97 write the formulas and names of the oxides of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 98APCh. 7 - The formula for calculating the energies of an...Ch. 7 - 7.100 Why do noble gases have negative electron...Ch. 7 - 7.101 The atomic radius of K is 227 pm and that of...Ch. 7 - 7.102 The atomic radius of F is 72 pm and that of ...Ch. 7 - Match each of the elements on the right with its...Ch. 7 - Prob. 104APCh. 7 - Prob. 105APCh. 7 - Prob. 106APCh. 7 - Prob. 107APCh. 7 - Explain, in terms of their electron...Ch. 7 - 7.109 Write the formulas and names of the hydrides...Ch. 7 - Prob. 110APCh. 7 - Prob. 111APCh. 7 - Prob. 112APCh. 7 - Most transition metal ions are colored. For...Ch. 7 - Prob. 114APCh. 7 - Prob. 115APCh. 7 - Prob. 116APCh. 7 - 7.117 Although it is possible to determine the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 118APCh. 7 - Prob. 119APCh. 7 - Predict the atomic number and ground-state...Ch. 7 - Prob. 121APCh. 7 - 7.122 Match each of the elements on the right with...Ch. 7 - One way to estimate the effective charge ( Z eff )...Ch. 7 - Use your knowledge of thermochemistry to calculate...Ch. 7 - Prob. 125APCh. 7 - 7.126 On one graph, plot the effective nuclear...Ch. 7 - 7.127 One allotropic form of an element X is a...Ch. 7 - 7.128 Calculate the maximum wavelength of light...Ch. 7 - Prob. 129APCh. 7 - Element M is a shiny and highly reactive metal (...Ch. 7 - Write the ground-state electron configurations of...Ch. 7 - Thallium (Tl) is a neurotoxin and exists mostly in...Ch. 7 - Both Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ are important biological...Ch. 7 - Prob. 134APCh. 7 - Prob. 135APCh. 7 - Prob. 136APCh. 7 - Prob. 137APCh. 7 - 7.138 The ionization energy of a certain element...Ch. 7 - 7.139 Experimentally, the electron affinity of an...Ch. 7 - A halogen has valence electrons in which orbitals?...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2SEPPCh. 7 - Prob. 3SEPPCh. 7 - Prob. 4SEPP
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- Consider the following information. • The enthalpy of formation of MgO is AH; = -601.6 kJ/mol. • The enthalpy of sublimation of Mg is AHsub = 147.1 kJ/mol. • The first and second ionization energies of Mg are IE1 = 738 kJ/mol and IE2 = 1450 kJ/mol. • The first electron affinity of O is AHEA1 = -142 kJ/mol. • The bond energy of O, is BE = 498 kJ/mol. • The lattice energy of MgO is AHjattice -3795 kJ/mol. Determine the second electron affinity of O. AHEA2 = kJ/molarrow_forwardConsider the following data for chromium: atomic mass electronegativity electron affinity ionization energy heat of fusion 51.996 64.3 652.9 1.66 20.5 (2) Cr(g) + e (1) Cr(g) + e → Cr (g) g mol kJ mol You may find additional useful data in the ALEKS Data tab. kJ mol Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? Cr(g) kJ mol Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above? If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2): release absorb Can't be decided with the data given. yes no kJ/mol release absorb Can't be decided with the data given. yes no kJ/mol (3 000 (Ararrow_forwardCesium has 1 valence electron. How many possible bonds can be formed and why?arrow_forward
- The first three ionization energies of an element X are 590, 1145, and 4912 kJ/mol. What is the most likely formula for the stable ion of X? a)x- b)x3+ c)x+ d)x2+arrow_forwardConsider an ionic compound, MX₂, composed of generic metal M and generic, gaseous halogen X. • The enthalpy of formation of MX₂ is AH; = −785 kJ/mol. • The enthalpy of sublimation of M is AH sub = 161 kJ/mol. • The first and second ionization energies of M are IE₁ = 717 kJ/mol and IE2 • The electron affinity of X is AHEA = -325 kJ/mol. (Refer to the hint.) • The bond energy of X₂ is BE = 181 kJ/mol. Determine the lattice energy of MX₂. AH lattice -2648 Incorrect = 1401 kJ/mol. kJ/molarrow_forwardWhich element is most likely to form a covalent bond with chlorine? Hydrogen, magnesium, sodium, or potassium?arrow_forward
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