Chapter 7, Problem 7.54AP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether the reaction of fumarate with ${\text{D}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ in the presence of fumarase enzyme is syn- or an anti-addition is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

In presence of peroxide, alkene is oxidized to epoxide and this is known as epoxidation. In presence of ${\text{OsO}}_{\text{4}}$ or ${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$, alkene is converted into a glycol. Addition of hydroxyl group takes place always in syn manner.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reason as to why the use of ${\text{D}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ instead of ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ is necessary to establish the stereochemistry of this addition is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

In presence of peroxide, alkene is oxidized to epoxide and this is known as epoxidation. In presence of ${\text{OsO}}_{\text{4}}$ or ${\text{KMnO}}_{\text{4}}$, alkene is converted into a glycol. Addition of hydroxyl group takes place always in syn manner.