Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Business Decision-Making
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781337115773
Author: Maryanne M. Mowen, Don R. Hansen, Dan L. Heitger
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 56P
Contribution Margin Ratio, Break-Even Sales, Operating Leverage
Elgart Company produces plastic mailboxes. The
Required:
- 1. Compute the contribution margin ratio for the mailboxes.
- 2. How much revenue must Elgart earn in order to break even?
- 3. What is the effect on the contribution margin ratio if the unit selling price and unit variable cost each increase by 15%?
- 4. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Suppose that management has decided to give a 4% commission on all sales. The projected income statement does not reflect this commission. Recompute the contribution margin ratio, assuming that the commission will be paid. What effect does this have on the break-even point?
- 5. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION If the commission is paid as described in Requirement 4, management expects sales revenues to increase by $80,000. How will this affect operating leverage? Is it a sound decision to implement the commission? Support your answer with appropriate computations.
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APPLY THE CONCEPTS: Effect of Changes to Sales Price, Variable Costs and Fixed Costs
Now consider each of the following scenarios for Gordon Products. Calculate the contribution margin (CM) per unit, rounded to nearest dollar, and the new break-even point in units, rounded to the nearest whole unit, for each scenario separately.
Scenario 1
Scenario 2
Scenario 3
Gordon will dispose of a machine in the factory. The depreciation on that equipment is $500 per month.
After some extensive market research, Gordon has determined that a sales price increase of $2 per unit will not affect the sales volume and will be effective immediately.
Gordon has been experiencing quality problems with a materials supplier. Changing suppliers will improve the quality of the product but will cause direct materials costs to increase by $1 per unit.
CM per unit: $fill in the blank e2f800fbc041002_1
CM per unit: $fill in the blank e2f800fbc041002_2
CM per unit: $fill in the blank e2f800fbc041002_3…
Derby Phones is considering the introduction of a new model of headphones with the following price and cost characteristics.Â
Sales price       $       21 per unit
Variable costs              7 per unit
Fixed costs             27,000 per month
Â
Assume that the projected number of units sold for the month is 7,000. consider requirements (b), (c), and (d) independently of each other.
Required:
a. What will the operating profit be?
B. What is the impact on operating profit if the sales price decreases by 10 percent? Increases by 20 percent?
c. What is the impact on operating profit if variable costs per unit decrease by 10 percent? Increase by 20 percent?
d. suppose that fixed costs for the year are 10 percent lower than projected, and variable costs per unit are 10 percent higher than projected. What impact will these cost changes have on operating profit for the year? Will profit go up? Down? By how much?
complete this question by entering your…
Derby Phones is considering the introduction of a new model of headphones with the following price and cost characteristics.Â
Sales price       $       21 per unit
Variable costs              7 per unit
Fixed costs             27,000 per month
Â
Assume that the projected number of units sold for the month is 7,000. consider requirements (b), (c), and (d) independently of each other.
Required:
a. What will the operating profit be?
B. What is the impact on operating profit if the sales price decreases by 10 percent? Increases by 20 percent?
c. What is the impact on operating profit if variable costs per unit decrease by 10 percent? Increase by 20 percent?
d. suppose that fixed costs for the year are 10 percent lower than projected, and variable costs per unit are 10 percent higher than projected. What impact will these cost changes have on operating profit for the year? Will profit go up? Down? By how much?
complete this question by entering your…
Chapter 7 Solutions
Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Business Decision-Making
Ch. 7 - Prob. 1DQCh. 7 - Describe the difference between the units sold...Ch. 7 - Define the term break-even point.Ch. 7 - Prob. 4DQCh. 7 - What is the variable cost ratio? The contribution...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6DQCh. 7 - Define the term sales mix. Give an example to...Ch. 7 - Explain how CVP analysis developed for single...Ch. 7 - Prob. 9DQCh. 7 - How does targeted profit enter into the break-even...
Ch. 7 - Explain how a change in sales mix can change a...Ch. 7 - Define the term margin of safety. Explain how it...Ch. 7 - Explain what is meant by the term operating...Ch. 7 - How can sensitivity analysis be used in...Ch. 7 - Why is a declining margin of safety over a period...Ch. 7 - If the variable cost per unit goes down,Ch. 7 - The amount of revenue required to earn a targeted...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 7 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 7 - An important assumption of cost-volume-profit...Ch. 7 - The use of fixed costs to extract higher...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 7 - The contribution margin is the a. amount by which...Ch. 7 - Dartmouth Company produces a single product with a...Ch. 7 - Dartmouth Company produces a single product with a...Ch. 7 - If a companys total fixed cost decreases by...Ch. 7 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 7 - Variable Cost, Fixed Cost, Contribution Margin...Ch. 7 - Prob. 14BEACh. 7 - Variable Cost Ratio, Contribution Margin Ratio...Ch. 7 - Prob. 16BEACh. 7 - Units to Earn Target Income Head-First Company...Ch. 7 - Sales Needed to Earn Target Income Head-First...Ch. 7 - Break-Even Point in Units for a Multiple-Product...Ch. 7 - Prob. 20BEACh. 7 - Margin of Safety Head-First Company plans to sell...Ch. 7 - Degree of Operating Leverage Head-First Company...Ch. 7 - Impact of Increased Sales on Operating Income...Ch. 7 - Variable Cost, Fixed Cost, Contribution Margin...Ch. 7 - Prob. 25BEBCh. 7 - Variable Cost Ratio, Contribution Margin Ratio...Ch. 7 - Prob. 27BEBCh. 7 - Units to Earn Target Income Chillmax Company plans...Ch. 7 - Sales Needed to Earn Target Income Chillmax...Ch. 7 - Prob. 30BEBCh. 7 - Prob. 31BEBCh. 7 - Margin of Safety Chillmax Company plans to sell...Ch. 7 - Prob. 33BEBCh. 7 - Impact of Increased Sales on Operating Income...Ch. 7 - Basic Break-Even Calculations Suppose that Larimer...Ch. 7 - Price, Variable Cost per Unit, Contribution...Ch. 7 - Contribution Margin Ratio, Variable Cost Ratio,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 38ECh. 7 - Prob. 39ECh. 7 - Margin of Safety Comer Company produces and sells...Ch. 7 - Prob. 41ECh. 7 - Sales Revenue Approach, Variable Cost Ratio,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 43ECh. 7 - Cherry Blossom Products Inc. produces and sells...Ch. 7 - Prob. 45ECh. 7 - Lotts Company produces and sells one product. The...Ch. 7 - Klamath Company produces a single product. The...Ch. 7 - Margin of Safety and Operating Leverage Medina...Ch. 7 - Parker Pottery produces a line of vases and a line...Ch. 7 - Jellico Inc.s projected operating income (based on...Ch. 7 - Break-Even Units, Contribution Margin Ratio,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 52PCh. 7 - Aldovar Company produces a variety of chemicals....Ch. 7 - Basu Company produces two types of sleds for...Ch. 7 - Cost-Volume-Profit Equation, Basic Concepts,...Ch. 7 - Contribution Margin Ratio, Break-Even Sales,...Ch. 7 - Prob. 57PCh. 7 - Polaris Inc. manufactures two types of metal...Ch. 7 - Cost-Volume-Profit, Margin of Safety Victoria...Ch. 7 - Abraham Company had revenues of 830,000 last year...Ch. 7 - Prob. 61PCh. 7 - Prob. 62PCh. 7 - Prob. 63PCh. 7 - Suppose that Kicker had the following sales and...Ch. 7 - Danna Lumus, the marketing manager for a division...Ch. 7 - Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis, Single-Product...Ch. 7 - Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis, Single-Product...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3MTCCh. 7 - Prob. 4MTCCh. 7 - Sensitivity Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis and...Ch. 7 - Calculate the hotels margin of safety (both in...
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- Hammond Company runs a driving range and golf shop. The budgeted income statement for the coming year is as follows. Required: 1. What is Hammonds variable cost ratio? Its contribution margin ratio? 2. Suppose Hammonds actual revenues are 200,000 greater than budgeted. By how much will before-tax profits increase? Give the answer without preparing a new income statement. 3. How much sales revenue must Hammond earn in order to break even? What is the expected margin of safety? (Round your answers to the nearest dollar.) 4. How much sales revenue must Hammond generate to earn a before-tax profit of 130,000? An after-tax profit of 90,000? (Round your answers to the nearest dollar.) Prepare a contribution margin income statement to verify the accuracy of your last answer.arrow_forwardFaldo Company produces a single product. The projected income statement for the coming year, based on sales of 200,000 units, is as follows: Required: 1. Compute the unit contribution margin and the units that must be sold to break even. Suppose that 30,000 units are sold above the break-even point. What is the profit? 2. Compute the contribution margin ratio and the break-even point in dollars. Suppose that revenues are 200,000 greater than expected. What would the total profit be? 3. Compute the margin of safety in sales revenue. 4. Compute the operating leverage. Compute the new profit level if sales are 20 percent higher than expected. 5. How many units must be sold to earn a profit equal to 10 percent of sales? 6. Assume the income tax rate is 40 percent. How many units must be sold to earn an after-tax profit of 180,000?arrow_forwardSuppose you are analyzing a firm that is successfully executing a strategy that differentiates its products from those of its competitors. Because of this strategy, you project that next year the firm will generate 6.0% revenue growth from price increases and 3.0% revenue growth from sales volume increases. Assume that the firms production cost structure involves strictly variable costs. (That is, the cost to produce each unit of product remains the same.) Should you project that the firms gross profit will increase next year? If you project that the gross profit will increase, is the increase a result of volume growth, price growth, or both? Should you project that the firms gross profit margin (gross profit divided by sales) will increase next year? If you project that the gross profit margin will increase, is the increase a result of volume growth, price growth, or both?arrow_forward
- Derby Phones is considering the introduction of a new model of headphones with the following price and cost characteristics.      Sales price $ 18 per unit Variable costs  7 per unit Fixed costs  27,000 per month   Assume that the projected number of units sold for the month is 7,000. Consider requirements (b), (c), and (d) independently of each other.  Required: a. What will the operating profit be? b. What is the impact on operating profit if the sales price decreases by 10 percent? Increases by 20 percent? c. What is the impact on operating profit if variable costs per unit decrease by 10 percent? Increase by 20 percent? d. Suppose that fixed costs for the year are 10 percent lower than projected, and variable costs per unit are 10 percent higher than projected. What impact will these cost changes have on operating profit for the year? Will profit go up? Down? By how much?arrow_forwardSolve the following independent cases and label your supporting computations properly. A) The company's projected profit for the coming year is as follows: Total P 200,000' 120,000 80,000 64,000 16,000 Per Unit P 20 Sales Less: Variable Costs 12 P 8 Contribution Margin P Less: Fixed Costs Net Income 1. Compute the additional profit that the company would earn if sales were P25,000 more than expected. B) KTA sells a special type of health food at a price of P16 per pound. Last year, it purchases this food from its supplier at a cost of P12 per pound. The supplier informed KTA that its cost increases and that this product will now be priced at P14 a pound. Over the years, KTA established a steady market and intends to pass the cost increase along to its customers and also add a P1 per unit to the price for additional profit. Fixed cost for the year are not expected to change and will remain at P34,000. Income tax rate is 32%. The net income after tax last year was P24,000. 2. If KTA can…arrow_forwardRequirements: What is the margin of safety as percentage and in unit? Assume that next month management wants the company to earn a profit of $80,000. How many units will have to be sold to meet the target profit?arrow_forward
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- Grove Audio is considering the introduction of a new model of wireless speakers with the following price and cost characteristics. Sales price $ 439.00 per unit Variable costs 199.00 per unit Fixed costs 687,000 per year Assume that the projected number of units sold for the year is 4,200. Consider requirements (b), (c), and (d) independently of each other. Required: What will the operating profit be? What is the impact on operating profit if the sales price decreases by 20 percent? Increases by 10 percent? What is the impact on operating profit if variable costs per unit decrease by 10 percent? Increase by 20 percent? Suppose that fixed costs for the year are 20 percent lower than projected, and variable costs per unit are 10 percent higher than projected. What impact will these cost changes have on operating profit for the year? Will profit go up? Down? By how much?arrow_forwardAssume a company is considering adding a new product. The expected cost and revenue data for this product are as follows:     Annual sales  5,000 units Unit selling price $ 60  Unit variable costs:    Production $ 33  Selling $ 6  Incremental fixed costs per year:    Production $ 34,500  Selling $ 45,000   If the company adds the new product, it expects the contribution margin of other product lines to drop by $15,300 per year. What is the financial advantage (disadvantage) of adding the new product?  Multiple Choice  $40,800  $10,200  $89,700  $25,500arrow_forwardd. The anticipated levels of sales are the following: Year Unit Sales 1 2,900 2 3,900 4,900 5,900 3 4 If management selects the scale of production with higher fixed cost, what can it expect in years 1 and 2? Round your answers to the nearest dollar. Earnings in year 1: $ Earnings in year 2: $ If the firm selects the scale with higher fixed costs, its earnings in year 1 will be lower than earnings in year 2. If sales reach only 3,900 a year, was the correct scale of operation chosen? Be sure to consider all the factors. The first scale of operation Hide Feedback Partially Correct Icon Key should have been preferred. Check My Work Question 2 of 5 ▸ Save Submit Assignment for Gradingarrow_forward
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