21st Century Astronomy
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780393428063
Author: Kay
Publisher: NORTON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 7, Problem 19QP
To determine
Explain about certain properties of
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
For the following questions,
start your analyses by considering at least Newton's Law of Gravitation, centripetal
acceleration, Kepler's law or Energy Conservation. Take the Gravitational constant to be a.
From Earth we can measure the radius of Mars using our telescopes. An estimate for it is 3.39 x
106 m. By sending an exploratory robot to Mars, we determined the acceleration due to gravity
on its surface as 3.73 m/s?. Estimate the mass of Mars. b. The Earth revolves around the Sun
once a year at a distance of 1.50 x 1011 m. Estimate the mass of the Sun. c. A rocket is
launched straight up from Earth's surface at 2100 m/s. By ignoring air resistance, determine
the maximum height it reaches?
The image below presents a greatly exaggerated view of a planet in orbit around the Sun:
Planet
m
M
Sun
In accordance with Kepler's first law of planetary motion, the shape of the orbit is an
ellipse with the Sun at one focus.
a) In your own words, state Kepler's second law of planetary motion, then explain how the
law arises from a conservation principle (either energy or momentum).
b) Again in your own words, state Kepler's third law of planetary motion, then explain how
the law is derived from Newton's laws of motion and his law of universal gravitation.
Include appropriate units in your final answer. Round off your final answer to two decimal places. Box your final answer.
Follow the given formulas
2. An electric fan is rotating at a constant 72,000 meters per hour, making one complete rotation in 0.17 seconds.
(a) What is the magnitude of the speed of the bug sitting on one of fan's blades? (b) What is the magnitude of
the acceleration of the bug sitting on one of fan's blades?
Chapter 7 Solutions
21st Century Astronomy
Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 7.1CYUCh. 7.2 - Prob. 7.2CYUCh. 7.3 - Prob. 7.3CYUCh. 7.4 - Prob. 7.4CYUCh. 7.5 - Prob. 7.5CYUCh. 7 - Prob. 1QPCh. 7 - Prob. 2QPCh. 7 - Prob. 3QPCh. 7 - Prob. 4QPCh. 7 - Prob. 5QP
Ch. 7 - Prob. 6QPCh. 7 - Prob. 7QPCh. 7 - Prob. 8QPCh. 7 - Prob. 9QPCh. 7 - Prob. 10QPCh. 7 - Prob. 11QPCh. 7 - Prob. 12QPCh. 7 - Prob. 13QPCh. 7 - Prob. 14QPCh. 7 - Prob. 15QPCh. 7 - Prob. 16QPCh. 7 - Prob. 17QPCh. 7 - Prob. 18QPCh. 7 - Prob. 19QPCh. 7 - Prob. 20QPCh. 7 - Prob. 21QPCh. 7 - Prob. 22QPCh. 7 - Prob. 23QPCh. 7 - Prob. 24QPCh. 7 - Prob. 25QPCh. 7 - Prob. 26QPCh. 7 - Prob. 27QPCh. 7 - Prob. 28QPCh. 7 - Prob. 29QPCh. 7 - Prob. 30QPCh. 7 - Prob. 31QPCh. 7 - Prob. 32QPCh. 7 - Prob. 33QPCh. 7 - Prob. 34QPCh. 7 - Prob. 35QPCh. 7 - Prob. 36QPCh. 7 - Prob. 37QPCh. 7 - Prob. 38QPCh. 7 - Prob. 39QPCh. 7 - Prob. 40QPCh. 7 - Prob. 41QPCh. 7 - Prob. 42QPCh. 7 - Prob. 43QPCh. 7 - Prob. 44QPCh. 7 - Prob. 45QP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- M M 1. What is the gravitational potential energy of the mass (m) in the picture? The mass is the same distance awayr from the centers of both of the other masses, and both of the other masses have the same mass, M. Give your answer in Joules. r= 400 million meters m = 7x1022 kg M = 2x1027 kg 2. What is the net gravitational force for the mass m at this location? Give your answer in Newtons.arrow_forwardAnswer the two questions below and write the solution. a. An astronaut is tasked to compute the gravitational acceleration of planet Z. After landing, he dropped a test object from a height of 2 meters and the time duration of the drop was 1 second. What is the gravity of planet Z in m/s^2? b. If the astronaut jumped upward with an initial velocity of 8m/s, how high is the jump? in metersarrow_forwardWhat is the correct answer to this and why? Please provide an in depth explanation explaining the various aspects you need to know for this question.arrow_forward
- Choose the correct answer. Briefly explain and show your solution. Thank you.arrow_forwardr M M m 1. What is the gravitational potential energy of the mass (m) in the picture? The mass is the same distance away r from the centers of both of the other masses, and both of the other masses have the same mass, M. Give your answer in Joules. r = 400 million meters = 7x10²2 kg М - 2x1027 kgarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not equal to the unit of energy? a.) J b.) Nm c.) kg*m^2/s^2 d.) W/s In the derived equation for orbital period in the Law of Harmony, which of the following physical quantities is not included? a.) п (pi) b.) G c.) r d.) Narrow_forward
- Answer the following in not less than 5 Sentences 1. How can we develop leadership as sports official? 2. Do you think you can be physically active in playing sports?Why or Why not?arrow_forwardIn 1993 the Galileo spacecraft sent home an image of asteroid "243 Ida" and a tiny moon "Dactyl" orbiting the asteroid. Assume that the small moon orbits in a circle with a radius of r = 100 km from the center of the asteroid with an orbital period of T = 27 hours. a. Show and explain how we derived Kepler's 3rd law using Newton's 2nd Law, the definition for centripetal acceleration, and the equation for gravitational force. b. Use your result for Kepler's 3rd Law to determine the mass of the asteroid. c. If the asteroid has a radius of about 16 km calculate the approximate value for the acceleration due to gravity, g, on its surface. d. What velocity would you need to achieve in order to lift off and leave this asteroid? e. Use Newton's 2nd Law, the definition for centripetal acceleration, and the equation for gravitational force to determine an expression for circular orbital velocity. f. What is the orbital velocity of the small moon if we assume it is in a circular orbit?arrow_forwardSuppose you're in a circular orbit around Saturn (M = 5.683 x 1026 kg) with a semi-major axis of a = 237,948 km. a. What is your orbital velocity? b. Using the "Vis-viva" equation (which can be derived from the total energy) v = GM What is the delta-V you would need to get from your current orbit, into an elliptical orbit that has an apoapsis near Titan (a = 1,221,870 km)?arrow_forward
- The 55,000 kg space shuttle used to fly in a 250-km-high circular orbit. It needed to reach a 610-km-high circular orbit to service the Hubble Space Telescope. Part A How much energy was required to boost it to the new orbit? Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units. W = μA Value Units ?arrow_forwardA. Use the definition of the center of mass to determine the maximum “wobble” velocity of a star of mass M caused by a planet of mass m orbiting at a distance r from the star with a period T. B. Thanks to Kepler, we know that the mass, period, and distance of an orbiting object are actually related. Use Newton’s version of Kepler’s Third Law to determine the maximum “wobble” velocity in terms of M, m, and r.arrow_forwardIn 2004 astronomers reported the discovery of a large Jupiter-sized planet orbiting very close to the star HD 179949 (hence the term "hot Jupiter"). The orbit was just 1/9 the distance of Mercury from our Sun, and it takes the planet only 3.09 days to make one orbit (assumed to be circular). a. What is the mass of the star? Express your answer in kilograms and as a multiple of our Sun's mass. b. How fast (in km/s) is this planet moving?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
What is Torque? | Physics | Extraclass.com; Author: Extraclass Official;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zXxrAJld9mo;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY