Chapter 6.8, Problem 6.4ARQ

Explanation of Solution

Similarities between Internet and U.S portal system:

• Working principle of Internet is similar to U.S. postal system because both are used to transport things (packets or packages) from one place to another.
• That is, Internet transports mails whereas U.S. postal system transports paper mails.

IP Address:

A number which is used to identify a particular device is called an IP address, which also referred as an Internet address.

• Basically, it has two formats called “IPv4” and “IPv6”.

Reason for delivering packets with IP address:

Before sending a packet, it is important to provide internet address on the packet.

• Because, when a user enter a domain name in the browser, user’s system sends a request to the DNS server for asking its corresponding IP address.
• Finally, DNS server replies with the IP address and packets to be sent for that site.

Purpose of domain name:

Before sending a packet, it is important to provide domain name or IP address on the packet. It is difficult to remember the IP address to find a particular site; but it is easy to remember the domain name such as www.pondi.edu.in, www.yahoo.com and so on.

Way of associate domain names with IP address:

• The domain name can be defined as identification of any of the authority and control over the internet that contains rules and procedures known as the Domain Name System (DNS) where the domain name can be registered with the DNS.
• The domain name can be obtained by registering the name of any organization with any domain name system.
• DNS is used to assign the domain name to IP address.

Protocol:

A set of rules and structures for organizing communications is referred as protocol.

Purpose of TCP protocol:

TCP stands for “Transmission Control Protocol” is an Internet protocol that ensures the consistent delivery of packets.

• TCP is similar as registered mail in the postal system. Because TCP data is added to the packets just like mail stickers are added to postal packages...