EBK CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST
3rd Edition
ISBN: 8220103675505
Author: Burdge
Publisher: YUZU
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 6, Problem 6.79QP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation: The most important resonance structure of
Concept Introduction:
- Sometimes the chemical bonding of a molecule cannot be represented using a single Lewis structure. In these cases, the chemical bonding are described by delocalization of electrons and is known as resonance.
- A formal charge (FC) is the charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, irrespective of relative electronegativity by thinking that electrons in all
chemical bonds are shared equally among atoms. - This method is used to identify the most probable Lewis structures if more than one possibility exists for a compound.
- The Lewis structure of a molecule with zero formal charge for all atoms is more important than molecules having nonzero formal charge.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
The carbonate anion, CO32- , is a resonance hybrid. Draw all of the important resonance structures for this molecule. If an atom has a nonzero formal charge, be sure the formal charge is shown clearly in the structure. Use the resonance structures to calculate the average formal charge on each O atom (which are all equivalent in the "true" structure). [Note: all of the important contributing resonance structures have octets around each atom that desires an octet.]
Write the Lewis structure for the NO2- ion. Include resonance structures.
Which of the following bonds are polar: (a) P—O; (b) S—F; (c) Br—Br; (d) O—Cl? Which is the more electronegative atom in each polar bond?
Chapter 6 Solutions
EBK CHEMISTRY: ATOMS FIRST
Ch. 6.2 - Classify the following bonds as nonpolar, polar,...Ch. 6.2 - Classify the following bonds as nonpolar, polar,...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 6.2 - Electrostatic potential maps are shown for HCl and...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 6.2WECh. 6.2 - Prob. 2PPACh. 6.2 - Prob. 2PPBCh. 6.2 - Prob. 2PPCCh. 6.2 - Prob. 6.3WECh. 6.2 - Prob. 3PPA
Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 3PPBCh. 6.2 - Prob. 6.2.1SRCh. 6.2 - Prob. 6.2.2SRCh. 6.2 - Using data from Table 6.2, calculate the magnitude...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 6.2.4SRCh. 6.3 - Draw the Lewis structure for carbon disulfide...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 4PPACh. 6.3 - Prob. 4PPBCh. 6.3 - Prob. 4PPCCh. 6.3 - Prob. 6.3.1SRCh. 6.3 - Prob. 6.3.2SRCh. 6.4 - The widespread use of fertilizers has resulted in...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 5PPACh. 6.4 - Prob. 5PPBCh. 6.4 - Prob. 5PPCCh. 6.4 - Formaldehyde (CH2O), which can be used 10 preserve...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 6PPACh. 6.4 - Prob. 6PPBCh. 6.4 - Prob. 6PPCCh. 6.4 - Prob. 6.4.1SRCh. 6.4 - Prob. 6.4.2SRCh. 6.5 - Prob. 6.7WECh. 6.5 - Prob. 7PPACh. 6.5 - Prob. 7PPBCh. 6.5 - Prob. 7PPCCh. 6.5 - How many resonance structures can be drawn for the...Ch. 6.5 - Indicate which of the following are resonance...Ch. 6.6 - Prob. 6.8WECh. 6.6 - Prob. 8PPACh. 6.6 - Prob. 8PPBCh. 6.6 - Prob. 8PPCCh. 6.6 - Prob. 6.9WECh. 6.6 - Prob. 9PPACh. 6.6 - Prob. 9PPBCh. 6.6 - Elements in the same group exhibit similar...Ch. 6.6 - Draw three resonance structures for the hydrogen...Ch. 6.6 - Draw two resonance structures for each speciesone...Ch. 6.6 - Prob. 10PPCCh. 6.6 - Prob. 6.6.1SRCh. 6.6 - Which elements cannot have more than an octet of...Ch. 6.6 - How many electrons are around the central atom in...Ch. 6 - Which of the following atoms must always obey the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.2KSPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.3KSPCh. 6 - How many lone pairs are on the central atom in the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.1QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.2QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.3QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.4QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.5QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.6QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.7QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.8QPCh. 6 - For each of the following pairs of elements, state...Ch. 6 - Define electronegativity and explain the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.11QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.12QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.13QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.14QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.15QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.16QPCh. 6 - Arrange the following bonds in order of increasing...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.18QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.19QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.20QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.21QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.22QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.23QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.24QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.25QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.26QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.27QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.28QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.30QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.31QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.32QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.33QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.34QPCh. 6 - Draw all of the resonance structures for the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.36QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.37QPCh. 6 - Draw three resonance structures for the molecule...Ch. 6 - Draw three reasonable resonance structures for the...Ch. 6 - Indicate which of the following are resonance...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.41QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.42QPCh. 6 - Draw a resonance structure of the guanine molecule...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.44QPCh. 6 - Give three examples of compounds that do not...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.46QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.47QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.48QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.49QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.50QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.51QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.52QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.53QPCh. 6 - Draw Lewis structures for the radical species ClF2...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.55QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.56QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.57QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.58QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.59QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.60QPCh. 6 - Give an example of an ion or molecule containing...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.62QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.63QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.64QPCh. 6 - Are the following statements true or false? (a)...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.66QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.67QPCh. 6 - Most organic acids can be represented as RCOOH,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.69QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.70QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.71QPCh. 6 - The following species have been detected in...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.73QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.74QPCh. 6 - The triiodide ion (I3) in which the I atoms are...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.76QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.77QPCh. 6 - The chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) molecule is believed...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.79QPCh. 6 - For each of the following organic molecules draw a...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.81QPCh. 6 - Draw Lewis structures for the following organic...Ch. 6 - Draw Lewis structures for the following four...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.84QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.85QPCh. 6 - Draw three resonance structures for (a) the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.87QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.88QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.89QPCh. 6 - Draw a Lewis structure for nitrogen pentoxide...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.91QPCh. 6 - Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a stable compound....Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.93QPCh. 6 - Vinyl chloride (C2H3Cl) differs from ethylene...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.95QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.96QPCh. 6 - In 1999 an unusual cation containing only nitrogen...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.98QPCh. 6 - Prob. 6.99QPCh. 6 - Electrostatic potential maps for three compounds...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What possible error(s) exist in the Lewis structure (assume we are trying to represent the best possible Lewis structure for the NO₂S ion knowing N is the central atom in this polyatomic ion)? [:ö==S: N= CO :O: The best structure would have double bond and two lone pairs on each oxygen atom and a single bond with three lone pairs on the sulfur. There are no errors. This is the best possible structure. The Lewis structure above does not minimize formal charges, thus is the not the best possible structure. The nitrogen atom has an expanded octet, and this structure is impossible. The Lewis structure contains the wrong number of electrons, thus this structure is impossible.arrow_forwardOxygen gas reacts with sulfur tetrafluoride to slowly form sulfur tetrafluoride monoxide gas. Balance the equation for the formation of sulfur tetrafluoride monoxide. chemical reaction: 0,(g) + SF (g) → OSF,(g) Draw the Lewis structure of OSF, where the formal charge is zero on each atom. The sulfur atom is the central atom in the structure, and it is bonded to the oxygen atom and each of the four fluorine atoms. Select Draw Rings More Erase Use the bond energies in the table to estimate the enthalpy of reaction for the formation of sulfur tetrafluoride monoxide. étv Aaarrow_forwardUsing only single bonds, draw two corect Lewis structures of HCIO, one with Cl as the central atom and the other with O as the central atom. Calculate the formal charges of all atoms in each molecule. State which is the more likely structure based on the formal charges. In the previous problem, you drew two structures of HCIO. Are these resonance structures? Explain why or why not.arrow_forward
- Consider the phosgene (COC1₂) molecule. What is the central atom? Enter its chemical symbol. How many lone pairs are around the central atom? What is the ideal angle between the carbon-chlorine bonds? Compared to the ideal angle, you would expect the actual angle between the carbon-chlorine bonds to be... 0 口。 (choose one) (choose one) about the same bigger smallerarrow_forwardAn carbon-to-oxygen single bond (i.e. C-O) has a bond energy of 358 kJ/mol and an carbon-to-oxygen double bond (i.e. C=O) has a bond energy of 749 kJ/mol. Estimate the value of the carbon-to-oxygen bond energy in the carbonate anion, CO32— . Hint: draw the Lewis structure of CO32— , consider resonance and determine which type of bonds it has. Because of the resonance, the bond between C and O will be somewhere in between the single and double bond. Group of answer choices 1107 kJ/mol 358 kJ/mol 488 kJ/mol 928 kJ/mol 1465 kJ/mol 618 kJ/mol 749 kJ/mol 554 kJ/molarrow_forwardConsider peroxynitrite (chemical formula: ONOO−), a structural isomer of the nitrate anion. It is generated in the cell when nitric oxide (NO) reacts with the superoxide radical anion (O2-.). Peroxynitrite is a potent oxidant and nitrating agent and can lead to DNA and protein damage (this is the complete question) Draw the correct Lewis structure for peroxynitrite and indicate approximate bond angles. Tell how many molecular degrees of freedom of motion are present in peroxynitrite and what motions they correspond to.arrow_forward
- The molecule 2-butene, C4H8, can undergo a geometric change called cis-trans isomerization. (Figure 1) Such transformations can be induced by light and are the key to human vision. Rotation about the C=C bond, which breaks the π bond, is required for the isomerization. The average bond energy (enthalpy) for a C=C double bond is 614 kJ/mol and that of a C−C single bond is 348 kJ/mol. Estimate the energy needed to break only the π bond of the double bond of 2-butene.Express your answer numerically in joules per molecule.arrow_forwardHydrazine, N2H4, burns in oxygen as follows: N2H4 + O2 → N2 + 2H2O [The bond energies in kJ/mol are: N-H = 388; N-N 163; N≡N 944; O-H 463; O=O 496] Draw the chemical structures of the reactants and products and give the formula to calculate enthalpy change in a reaction, ΔH.arrow_forwardDraw regular Lewis structures (no need to use dashed lines and wedges) for each of the following molecules and indicate which exception, if any, to the octet rule is found in each of them: SCI6, CH3, XeF4, BBR3.arrow_forward
- Sulfur tetrafluoride reacts slowly with oxygen gas to form sulfur tetrafluoride monoxide. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction. In the sulfur tetrafluoride monoxide molecule the O atom and the four F atoms are bonded to a central S atom. Write a Lewis structure for this molecule in which the formal charges of all atoms is zero. Use bond energies to estimate the enthalpy of the above reaction. (S-F bond energy = 327 kJ/mole). Is it endothermic or exothermic? Determine the electron geometry of the molecule and predict two possible molecular geometries. Which of the two molecular geometries in part d is more likely to be observed? Explain.arrow_forwardWhen gaseous sulfur trioxide is dissolved in concentratedsulfuric acid, disulfuric acid forms:SO₃(g)+ H₂SO₄(l) →H₂S₂O₇(l) Use bond energies Table to determine ΔH°ᵣₓₙ. (The S atoms in H₂S₂O₇ are bonded through an O atom. Assume Lewis structures with zero formal charges; BE of SNO is 552 kJ/mol.)arrow_forwardThe bond energy of hydrogen, iodine and hydrogen iodide are 218, 107kJ and 299kJ respectively. Estimate the enthalpy of hydrogen iodide formation. Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? Formation of hydrogen iodide from hydrogen and iodine follows the reaction- H2 (g) + I2 (g) → HI (g)arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
Chemistry
ISBN:9780534420123
Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079373
Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580343
Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher:Cengage Learning