Chapter 6, Problem 47A

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration of the given metal in group 15 needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration of an element is the arrangement of elements in different orbitals like s, p, d, f. The filing of the electrons in the orbitals follow the Aufbau Principle.

Answer to Problem 47A

The element is Bismuth having the electronic configuration 1s²2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶6s² 4f²5d¹⁰ 6p³

Explanation of Solution

The only metal located in group 15 is bismuth. The electronic configuration is determined by placing the electrons in different orbitals.

The electronic configuration of Bismuth is as follows:

1s²2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶6s² 4f²5d¹⁰ 6p³

Bismuth is often found in most cosmetics. It is located in six period and has three electrons in the outermost shell.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration of the given halogen in period 3 needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration of an element is the arrangement of elements in different orbitals like s, p, d, f. The filing of the electrons in the orbitals follow the Aufbau Principle.

Answer to Problem 47A

Chlorine is the element found in period 3 having electronic configuration 1s²2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵

Explanation of Solution

Chlorine is the element found in period 3. The electronic configuration is 1s²2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵

Chlorine is used as part of a bleaching compound used in the production of paper.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration of the transition metal that is a liquid at room temperature; is sometimes used in outdoor security lights needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration of an element is the arrangement of elements in different orbitals like s, p, d, f. The filling of the electrons in the orbitals follow the Aufbau Principle.

Answer to Problem 47A

Mercury is liquid in room temperature having electronic configuration 1s²2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶6s² 4f²5d¹⁰

Explanation of Solution

Among transition metals, Mercury is the only transition metal which is found as liquid in room temperature. The electronic configuration of Mercury is, 1s²2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶6s² 4f²5d¹⁰

Mercury is extensively used in outdoor security lights.