Understanding Our Universe
Understanding Our Universe
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780393614428
Author: PALEN, Stacy, Kay, Laura, Blumenthal, George (george Ray)
Publisher: W.w. Norton & Company,
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Chapter 6, Problem 41QAP
To determine

The black body flux from a square meter of Mars.

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K What is the wavelength (in nm) of the most intense radiation emitted from the surface of Mercury at high noon? (Hint: Use Wien's law, Amax = 2.90 x 10° m: K %3D T (in K) nm In which band of the electromagnetic spectrum is that wavelength? (Hint: Examine the following figure.) Visible light Short wavelengths Long wavelengths 4 x 107 5x 107 6x 107 7x 10meters (400 nm) (500 nm) (600 nm) /(700 nm) Wavelength (meters) 10 12 10 10 10 104 102 1 102 104 Gamma- ray Ultra- violet Micro- Radio X-ray Infrared wave UHF VHF FM AM a Opaque Visual window Radio window Transparent Short Wavelength Long b O gamma-ray O X-ray O ultraviolet O visual O infrared O microwave O radio оооо о оо Opacity of Earth's atmosphere
Calculate the energy flux density, Fm , at the average distance of Mars from the Sun, rm , (energy flux divided by surface area of sphere). Mars' distance from the Sun = rm = 2.279 x 1013 cmFm = L /(4prm2)   =   ________________ ergs/s Next Calcuate the Amount of Solar Energy absorbed by Mars is the surface area of Mars which is facing the Sun (1/2 of  Mars' surface area = 4pdm2 / 2 = 2pdm2 ) .  Where dm =  3.398 x 106 cm is the radius of Mars. So Mars receives :
The fraction of the energy flux received which is reflected into space is the albedo of Venus, av, which is about 0.76.  The fraction of the energy flux which is absorbed is then (1-av) = 1. - 0.76 = 0.24.  So the amount of energy actually absorbed by Venus in each second is Lv = (1-av)Ev. Lv = (1-av)Ev = ___________________ ergs/s And next calculate the effective temperature of Venus: Tv4 = (Lv/(4pdv2))/s   =    Lv/(4spdv2)  = __________________ K4 and taking the square root of Tv4 twice in succession we get the effective Temperature Tv: Tv  = [Lv/(4spdv2)]0.25  =  _________________ K Calculate Venus' emittance assuming that the Venus' actual temperature, Tvr, is 472o C  =  745 K:  ev = Lv/(4pdv2s Tvr4)   =  __________________ .
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