Concept explainers
Does an apple exert a gravitational force on the Earth? If so, how large a force? Consider an apple (a) attached to a tree and (b) falling.
(a)
Whether an apple exerts force on the Earth, if yes the magnitude of the force while considering an apple attached to a tree.
Answer to Problem 1Q
The apple exerts a force on the Earth in which magnitude is equal to the force at which Earth exerts on apple.
Explanation of Solution
According to newton’s third law of motion, for every action there will be equal and opposite reaction and the action and reaction are acting on different bodies. The Earth attracts every object towards its center. The force is equal gravitational attractional force.
According to universal theory of gravitation, Earth attracts apple with magnitude equal to
Conclusion:
Therefore, the apple exerts a force on the Earth in which magnitude is equal to the force at which Earth exerts on apple.
(b)
Whether an apple exerts force on the Earth, if yes the magnitude of the force while considering the apple is falling.
Answer to Problem 1Q
The apple which is free fall exerts a force on the Earth in which magnitude is equal to the force at which Earth exerts on apple.
Explanation of Solution
Universal gravitational law states that every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force which is equal to product of their masses and square of the distance between them.
At each point of motion the gravitational force of attraction increases due to decreasing separation. The Earth attracts the apple which is falling at each time of motion. Then according to Newton’s third law of motion, the apple exerts equal force on the Earth.
Conclusion:
Therefore, the apple which is free fall exerts a force on the Earth in which magnitude is equal to the force at which Earth exerts on apple.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 6 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
University Physics Volume 1
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
The Cosmic Perspective
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
The Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals (2nd Edition)
- Suppose the gravitational acceleration at the surface of a certain moon A of Jupiter is 2 m/s2. Moon B has twice the mass and twice the radius of moon A. What is the gravitational acceleration at its surface? Neglect the gravitational acceleration due to Jupiter, (a) 8 m/s2 (b) 4 m/s2 (c) 2 m/s2 (d) 1 m/s2 (e) 0.5 m/s2arrow_forwardA satellite of mass 16.7 kg in geosynchronous orbit at an altitude of 3.58 104 km above the Earths surface remains above the same spot on the Earth. Assume its orbit is circular. Find the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the Earth on the satellite. Hint: The answer is not 163 N.arrow_forwardA makeshift sign hangs by a wire that is extended over an ideal pulley and is wrapped around a large potted plant on the roof as shown in Figure P6.10. When first set up by the shopkeeper on a sunny and dry day, the sign and the pot are in equilibrium. Is it possible that the sign falls to the ground during a rainstorm while still remaining connected to the pot? What would have to be true for that to be possible? FIGURE P6.10 Problems 10 and 11.arrow_forward
- (a) Find the magnitude of the gravity force between a planet with mass 5.98 1024 kg and its moon, with mass 7.36 1022 kg, if the average distance between them is 3.84 108 m. (b) What is the acceleration of the moon toward the planet? (c) What is the acceleration of the planet toward the moon? (See Section 7.5.)arrow_forward(a) Find the magnitude of the gravitational force between a planet with mass 7.50 1024 kg and its moon, with mass 2.70 1022 kg, if the average distance between their centers is 2.80 108 m. (b) What is the acceleration of the moon towards the planet? (c) What is the acceleration of the planet towards the moon?arrow_forwardEstimate the gravitational force between two sumo wrestlers, with masses 220 kg and 240 kg, when they are embraced and their centers are 1.2 m apart.arrow_forward
- The starship Enterprise has its tractor beam locked onto some valuable debris and is trying to pull it toward the ship. A Klingon battle cruiser and a Romulan warbird are also trying to recover the item by pulling the debris with their tractor beams as shown in Figure P5.25. a. Given the following magnitudes of the tractor beam forces, find the net force experienced by the debris: FEnt = 7.59 106 N, FRom = 2.53 106 N, and FKling = 8.97 105 N. b. If the debris has a mass of 2549 kg, what is the net acceleration of the debris? FIGURE P5.25arrow_forwardHow far from the center of the Sun would the net gravitational force of Earth and the Sun on a spaceship be zero?arrow_forwardIn Example 2.6, we considered a simple model for a rocket launched from the surface of the Earth. A better expression for the rockets position measured from the center of the Earth is given by y(t)=(R3/2+3g2Rt)2/3j where R is the radius of the Earth (6.38 106 m) and g is the constant acceleration of an object in free fall near the Earths surface (9.81 m/s2). a. Derive expressions for vy(t) and ay(t). b. Plot y(t), vy(t), and ay(t). (A spreadsheet program would be helpful.) c. When will the rocket be at y=4R? d. What are vy and ay when y=4R?arrow_forward
- For this problem, assume that the earth is a perfect sphere. Also, assume that if your mass is m, then the earth exerts a gravitational force on you of magnitude mg, where g = 9.8 m/s2 at all points of the earth's surface. a) Your mass is m = will the scale read? (Thanks to the Third Law, this is the same as asking for the normal force exerted on you by the scale.) b) Next you go to the Equator and stand on a scale. What does it read? The radius of the earth is 6.4 × 106 m. c) Suppose the earth were rotating so quickly that objects became “weightless" at the equator. How long would the day be? 50 kg. If you are standing on a scale at the North Pole, whatarrow_forwardThe gravitational force exerted on an astronaut on the Earth's surface is 650 N directed downward. When she is in the space station in orbit around the Earth, is the gravitational force on her (a) larger, (b) exactly the same, (c) smaller. (d) nearly but not exactly zero. or (e) exactly zero?arrow_forwardA raindrop has a mass of 8.0 x 107 kg and is falling near the surface of the earth. Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted (a) on the raindrop by the earth and (b) on the earth by the raindrop. (a) Fraindrop (b) Fearth N Narrow_forward
- University Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice UniversityCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781285737027Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning