Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 17CTQ
Name two different cellular functions that require energy that parallel human energy-requiring functions.
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A cell uses ATP to carry energy, which is released as needed to drive chemical reactions and work.
A mutation is found that prevents #2 but not #1. Which of the following is the best hypothesis for which protein is mutated?
ATP cannot be synthesized from ADP and Pἰ due to a mutation in ATP synthase.
Covalently bound Pἰ cannot be removed from molecules due to a mutation in phosphatase.
Non-covalently bound ATP cannot be split into ADP and Pἰ due to a mutation in ATP hydrolase.
ATP cannot bind covalently to molecules and split into a bound Pἰ and free-floating ADP due to a mutation in a kinase.
Please construct a model to show that the digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems work together to supply the body cells with the glucose and oxygen needed for aerobic cellular respiration. Feel free to use words, diagrams, arrows, flowcharts, etc. to get your ideas across.
Make sure you include the following information:
Digestion of starch into glucose and the location(s) of digestion.
Absorption of glucose into the blood and the location of absorption.
Blood transporting glucose from the absorption site to the tissues.
Glucose entering the tissue cells from the blood.
O2 entering the blood in the lungs and the specific location of entrance in the lungs.
Blood transporting O2 from the lungs into the tissues.
O2 enters the tissues from the blood.
Which of the statements about the use of chemical energy for biological functions is INCORRECT?
A) Some chemical energy is used for metabolic maintenance
B)Some chemical energy is used to manufacture molecular and cellular components
C) Some chemical energy is irreversibly lost in the form of heat
D) All manufactured molecular and cellular components are kept by the animal itself
E) The three major types of physiological work done are biosynthesis, maintenance, and external work
Chapter 6 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 6 - Figure 6.8 Look at each of the processes shown,...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.10 If no activation energy were required...Ch. 6 - Figure 6.14 The hydrolysis of one ATP molecule...Ch. 6 - Energy is stored long-term in the bonds of and...Ch. 6 - DNA replication involves unwinding two strands of...Ch. 6 - Consider a pendulum swinging. Which type(s) of...Ch. 6 - Which of the following comparisons or contrasts...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is the best way to judge...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is not an example of an...Ch. 6 - In each of the three systems, determine the state...
Ch. 6 - The energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP is...Ch. 6 - Which of the following molecules is likely to have...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is not true about enzymes...Ch. 6 - An allosteric inhibitor does which of the...Ch. 6 - Which of the following analogies best describes...Ch. 6 - Does physical exercise involve anabolic and/or...Ch. 6 - Name two different cellular functions that require...Ch. 6 - Explain in your own words the difference between a...Ch. 6 - Describe the position of the transition state on a...Ch. 6 - Imagine an elaborate ant farm with tunnels and...Ch. 6 - Energy transfers take place constantly in everyday...Ch. 6 - Do you think that the Ea for ATP hydrolysis is...Ch. 6 - With regard to enzymes, why are vitamins necessary...Ch. 6 - Explain in your own words how enzyme feedback...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- List the energy pathways of the body and how much ATP each one produces per 1 substrate. HINT: There should be four (two anaerobic and two aerobic).arrow_forwardThe image shows the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis during cellular respiration within a eukaryotic cell. The reaction shows the conversion of glucose into ATP and heat during eukaryotic cellular respiration. Which of the following is true regarding specialized cellular respiration occurring in newborns and hibernating mammals to maintain body temperature? Additional molecules of glucose are oxidized to generate the additional body heat required for human infants and hibernating mammals. The cellular efficiency of ATP synthesis increases to generate the additional body heat required for human infants and hibernating mammals. The cellular efficiency of the electron transport chain increases to generate the additional body heat required for human infants and hibernating mammals. The electron transport chain and proton gradient efficiency are maintained without ATP synthesis to generate the additional body heat required for human infants and hibernating mammals.arrow_forwardAlbert Szent-Gyorgyi (1893-1986) was a preeminent biochemist of his time. His work contributed to the understanding of how muscles work and how the ATP molecule provides energy to fuel a cell’s metabolism. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering Vitamin C. In an interview with the BBC in 1965, Szent –Gyorgyi offered the following about his work:I started with anatomy, but then shifted to function and physiology studying rabbits. But then I found rabbits too complicated and shifted to bacteriology, hoping to find the secrets of life in those very small, tiny creatures. But later I found bacteria too complicated and shifted to molecules and began to study chemistry—a few years later after the war I was even condemned to be the Professor of Chemistry and taught chemistry for many years! About 15 years ago I found molecules too complex and then I shifted to electrons and quantum mechanics—the behavior of electrons. So I went through the whole gambit of…arrow_forward
- Albert Szent-Gyorgyi (1893-1986) was a preeminent biochemist of his time. His work contributed to the understanding of how muscles work and how the ATP molecule provides energy to fuel a cell’s metabolism. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering Vitamin C. In an interview with the BBC in 1965, Szent –Gyorgyi offered the following about his work: I started with anatomy, but then shifted to function and physiology studying rabbits. But then I found rabbits too complicated and shifted to bacteriology, hoping to find the secrets of life in those very small, tiny creatures. But later I found bacteria too complicated and shifted to molecules and began to study chemistry—a few years later after the war I was even condemned to be the Professor of Chemistry and taught chemistry for many years! About 15 years ago I found molecules too complex and then I shifted to electrons and quantum mechanics—the behavior of electrons. So I went through the whole gambit of…arrow_forwardExplain in your own words why energy production is necessary for the normal functioning of voluntary and involuntary physiological processes.arrow_forwardCells use primarily two ways of storing potential energy: 1) as concentration gradients and 2) in molecules. A) Explain how energy can be stored in these two forms and how it can be used to do other work. B) Propose an analogy that can explain each of these forms of energy storage using everyday items.arrow_forward
- Cells use two ways of storing potential energy: 1) as concetration gradients and 2) in molecules. A) Explain how energy can be stored in these two forms and how it can be used to do the work. B) Propose an analogy that can explain each these forms of energy storage using everyday items.arrow_forwardIn the modern aerobic cell, the most important product of the proton pump is a) protons b) O2 c) ATP d) CO2 e) NADH f) glucosearrow_forwardDuring aerobic respiration, high energy electrons are taken from glucose and transferred to electron carriers. The cell then uses the energy from these electrons to: O A) produce carbon dioxide B) produce oxygen C) pump hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane D) reduce electron carriers E) make glucosearrow_forward
- During aerobic respiration, high energy electrons are taken from glucose and transferred to electron carriers. The cell then uses the energy from these electrons to: A) pump hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane B) produce oxygen C) produce carbon dioxide D) make glucose E) reduce electron carriersarrow_forwardConsider a gene in the mitochondrial genome that codes for a channel protein in the inner membrane that allows magnesium ions to travel freely across. If a mutation in that gene resulted in this protein allowing H+ to pass through it rather than magnesium, what would be the consequence for cellular respiration?arrow_forwardRead the following statements: ANIMAL AND PLANT PHYSIOLOGY Both plant biologists and animal biologists seek to understand how their focal organisms have evolved to interact with the environment. Despite this similarity in goals, the differing biology of plants and animals as well as other factors have led these scientific communities to diverge. Scientific discoveries that have occurred in each community in relative isolation may advance progress in the other community and set the stage for broad scientific syntheses. Integrative and Comparative Biology, Volume 42, Issue 3, July 2002, Pages 409-414, https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/42.3.409 Environmental stress can be either natural or anthropogenic (i.e., resulting from human actions) in origin. Many environmental stresses, such as most hurricanes, droughts, floods, and fires are a periodic feature of life on Earth. In contrast, environmental stresses such as the production and release of new chemical compounds and large-scale land-use…arrow_forward
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