Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 54, Problem 18TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: A species-area curve is used for explaining the correlation between the geographic size of a particular community and the total number of species within that specific community.
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Species that are the first colonists in a habitat undergoing primary succession
a. are usually the fiercest competitors.
b. help maintain their habitat constant so their persistence is ensured.
c. may change their habitat in a way that favors the invasion of other species.
d. must first be successful secondary succession specialists.
A large tropical island is found near the mainland. Based on the predictions of the MacArthur and Wilson equilibrium model of island biogeography this island will have…
a.
low immigration rates and low extinction rates
b.
high immigration rates and high extinction rates
c.
low immigration rates and high extinction rates
d.
high immigration rates and low extinction rates
A recent United Nations analysis report gathered data on declines in biodiversity across the world. Using the graphs provided, which statement shows an area of concern and is an alternative to the general hypothesis "Humans are responsible for a significant increase in the extinction rate among species in the world today as a result of damage caused to the environment"?
A. Fertilizer use in developing countries should be encouraged to decrease the extinction rate
B. Decreasing air pollution in the least developed countries would decrease species survival rate
C. Protection of key biodiversity areas should be a priority for developed countries to lower the extinction rate
D. Assisting developing countries with more sustainable methods of extraction of living biomass would increase species survival rates
Chapter 54 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 54 - When two spiny mouse species coexist, Acomys...Ch. 54 - Name the type of mimicry described in each of the...Ch. 54 - Name and give examples of the interspecific...Ch. 54 - Tide pool 1 has three species of sea urchins with...Ch. 54 - Prob. 5IQCh. 54 - Describe the effects of the alder stage on soil...Ch. 54 - Why would the fact that tropical communities are...Ch. 54 - a. How do the rates of immigration and extinction...Ch. 54 - Why are ecologists trapping and testing migrating...Ch. 54 - Complete the following concept map to organize...
Ch. 54 - Community ecologists develop models or hypotheses...Ch. 54 - Two allopatric species of Galapagos finches have...Ch. 54 - The greater blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena...Ch. 54 - Two other species of octopus (H. maculosa and H....Ch. 54 - Two species, A and B, occupy adjoining...Ch. 54 - Two shops in the same block are selling coffee and...Ch. 54 - A palatable (good-tasting) prey species may defend...Ch. 54 - Most humans are host to mites of the genus Demodex...Ch. 54 - The species richness of a community refers to the...Ch. 54 - You have a friend who is a strict vegan; that is,...Ch. 54 - Ecologists survey the tree species in two forest...Ch. 54 - When one species was removed from a tide pool, the...Ch. 54 - Invasive species often reach a large biomass...Ch. 54 - Why do most food chains consist of only three to...Ch. 54 - According to the top-down (trophic cascade) model...Ch. 54 - During succession, inhibition by early species a....Ch. 54 - According to the nonequilibrium model, a. chance...Ch. 54 - Which of the following shows a mismatch between...Ch. 54 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 54 - A major explanation for the decline in species...Ch. 54 - Prob. 20TYK
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- Which of these is a true statement?a. Habitat loss is the most frequent cause of extinctions today.b. Exotic species are often introduced into ecosystems by accidental transport.c. Climate change may cause many extinctions but also expands the ranges of other species.d. Overexploitation of fisheries could lead to a complete collapse of the fishing industry.e. All of these statements are true.arrow_forwardArguments in favor of the overkill hypothesis of megafauna extinctions are a. Basically everywhere humans colonized, big animals went extinct b. Climate change similar to the end of the Pleistocene happened many times before, and there was no megafauna extinction c. In nearly all the Clovis kill sites in North America, mammoth or other megafauna are present d. All of the abovearrow_forwardNinety-nine percent of all the species that ever existed have gone extinct, a. serving as evidence that current extinction rates are not higher than normal. b. but most of these losses have occurred in the last 400 years. c. which argues that the world just had too many species. d. None of the choices is correct.arrow_forward
- Which statement comparing island biogeography to mainland biogeography is true? A. The slope of species richness to area should be steeper for mainland species than for island species. B. Mainland sites should experience higher rates of immigration than island sites. Mainland sites should experience higher rates of extinction than island sites. C. D. On the mainland, extinction rate increases with area faster than immigration rate does, whereas the opposite is true for islands. E. Extinction rates would be the same for mainland and island sites.arrow_forwardRabbits are important grazers, maintaining some important grassland habitats. If a catastrophe were to reduce rabbit populations what would happen? * a. There would be more grass for the surviving rabbits b. The grassland would be invaded by trees and shrubs c. All of the abovearrow_forwardA species that has an immediate threat to extinction is said to be:a. threatened. c. alien.b. endangered. d. extinct.arrow_forward
- Ecological dominants are a. the most numerous or make up the most biomass within a community. b. are species that may not be the most numerous within a community, but whose role is so significant that its absence would bring about considerable change. c. species that are introduced into an area where they do not naturally occur. d. the most important species on the planet.arrow_forwardWhich negative effect can habitat fragmentation have on a metapopulation? A. It can make patches smaller, thus increasing patch extinction rate B. It can make patches more isolated, thus decreasing patch colonization rate C.It. can lead to dampened oscillations within patches D. Both A and B E. Both B and Carrow_forwardThe graph below shows the population of three different families of marine organisms along five different mass extinction events. Each colour on the graph represents a family of organisms, and the Y axis shows how many species belong to that family. a. What stage of population growth is displayed at point ‘0’ on the graph above? b. The Extinction Event that occurred at point 3 was particularly significant. Using the graph, explain how this event impacted each marine family. c. The extinction events mapped above had significant impact on marine life. What type of event could have a similar impact on the human population?arrow_forward
- When populations are drastically reduced in size, genetic diversity and heterozygosity a. are likely to increase, enhancing the probability of extinction. b. are likely to decrease, enhancing the probability of extinction. c. are usually not factors that influence the probability of extinction. d. automatically respond in a way that protects populations from future changes.arrow_forwardslands are well known for having many endemic (unique) species. What is a likely explanation for this pattern? A. Humans bring partly or fully domesticated species with them when they arrive on islands. B. Colonizers encounter fewer competitors on an island, so they can diversify. C. Islands are more complex habitats than continents are, so they have more niches for specializations. D. Colonizers are likely to have more diversity than local populations and thus outcompete them. E. The type of organism that is a good colonizer has more than the average amount of genetic variability, so it's more likely to speciate.arrow_forwardIslands are well known for having many endemic (unique) species. What is a likely explanation for this pattern? O A. The type of organism that is a good colonizer has more than the average amount of genetic variability, so it's more likely to speciate. O B. Colonizers encounter fewer competitors on an island, so they can diversify. O C. Islands are more complex habitats than continents are, so they have more niches for specializations. O D. Humans bring partly or fully domesticated species with them when they arrive on islands. O E. Colonizers are likely to have more diversity than local populations and thus outcompete them. «< Question A Moving to another question will save this response. PrtScn F8 Home F9 End F10 PgUp PgDn F12 F11 DII F5 F6 F7 F3 F4 & %23 $ 7 8 9. 4arrow_forward
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