Which negative effect can habitat fragmentation have on a metapopulation? A. It can make patches smaller, thus increasing patch extinction rate B. It can make patches more isolated, thus decreasing patch colonization rate O C. It. can lead to dampened oscillations within patches D. Both A and B E. Both B and C

Q: How much faster is species extinction occurring today versus the natural rate? Group of answer…

A: Natural extinction : It happens when a species declines in number gradually but steadily at the end…

Q: patial scales are interconnected in a hierarchical way. Whitman looked at invertebrate communities…

A: The diversity of species that lives together in ecological communities should be a result of…

Q: Organismsthat produce many offspring would best be characterized by which of thefollowing?a.A convex…

A: A survivorship curve is a graph that measures the proportion of people in an exceedingly given…

Q: How does stochasticity influence dispersal? At what scale? O a. Dispersal is probabilistic;…

A: Dispersion refers to the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of individuals of a population.…

Q: 5. Which of these best describes a climax community that results from succession? O a. a forest of…

A: Plants can survive in all types of environments and hence are found anywhere on Earth. Plants are…

Q: The long-leaf pine forest ecosystem once extended across 95 million acres of the southeastern US.…

A: The organisms can be present in different geographical location on the earth. The organisms that are…

Q: Many invasion process models (including the framework in Blackburn et al. 2011) have emphasized that…

A: Invasion : Biological invasion is a process by which an organism introduced to and establishes a…

Q: The Levins model а. considers spatial position O b. is a metapopulation model O c. all of these O d.…

A: Levins model ( metapopulation model ) it is a classical however still in use it consider spatial…

Q: What is the main goal of conservation biology?a. conserving natural resources for current and future…

A: The word 'Bio' means 'living' and 'logy' means to study. Thus, Biology is the science which deals…

Q: Arguments in favor of the overkill hypothesis of megafauna extinctions are   a. Basically…

A: Evolution is a continuous transition of living forms, beginning with the basic forms of the past and…

Q: D = 1 - E()² 2 %3D 2. Abundance Proportion Proportion Species A 0.003 0.00 Species B 73 0.073 0.01…

A: Simpson’s index (D) calculates the probability of randomly selecting two organisms that belong to…

Q: A large tropical island is found near the mainland. Based on the predictions of the MacArthur and…

A: To understand this finding, the equilibrium hypothesis of island biogeography (McArthur &…

Q: The theory of Island Biogeography predicts species richness based on __ and __ rates. a. growth and…

A: A patch is a landscape or a place which contains all the necessary food supplements for a group of…

Q: When populations are drastically reduced in size, genetic diversity and heterozygosity a. are…

A: Evolution is a continuous process and we are still evolving. Evolution is nothing but adapting to…

Q: Which series of colonization events is an example of primary succession? a. Lava field à…

A: Succession  Succession is the process of initiation of new life on the unoccupied habitat.

Q: Match the terms with the most suitable descriptions.___ area effect               a. native species…

A: Correct match the column is given below:

Q: An ecosystem of 20 species has experienced four recent extinctions and scientists are curious about…

A: Net primary productivity is the energy produced by photosynthesis minus the respiratory losses.NPP =…

Q: The__________ defines the physical conditions under which a species might live, inthe absence of…

A: The presence of the biotic and abiotic factors in a particular region and their interaction with…

Q: "Earth Overshoot Day" is most closely related to which of the following concepts? O A. Carrying…

A: Earth Overshoot Day is a calculated date on which humanity has consumed all the biological resources…

Q: The model of metapopulations also postulates that many species occupy their patches only…

A: Metapopulation is a population in which migrant and local species Lives together. Yes, it might…

Q: Populations experiencing environmental stochasticity have increased extinction risk when the…

A: Correct answer is-  d. Negatively autocorrelated

Q: Early colonizers excluding subsequent colonists from moving into acommunity is referred to asa.…

A: facilitation is where one organism favours the other. inhibition is exclusion of subsequent…

Q: A very rapid exponential increase in a population only occurs when: O a. It is a tropical species. O…

A: Population with unlimited natural resources tend to grow very rapidly. But the growth decreases as…

Q: 1. Which of the following island features are associated with the highest species richness? A. big…

A: Answer: Island features associated with the highest species richness: - E. Big islands (low…

Q: In Pulliam 2000 (a paper we read for class), what aspects did the author incorporate to extend the…

A: G. Evelyn Hutchinson has proposed the concept to characterize the ecological niche of a species as a…

Q: Which graph shows the predicted relationship between biodiversity and the potential emergence of new…

A: A complicated link between biodiversity and the possible genesis of novel human illnesses entails…

Q: Allee effect?

A: An Allee effect is a positive association between absolute average individual fitness and population…

Q: The comprises all interactions between individuals of the same species in a given geographic area.…

A: Given: Ecology is the study of interactions among organisms and bwteen the organism and its physical…

Q: Predict how species diversity would change if sea otters disappeared from kelp forests. O A…

A: Ecosystem  It is a defined area where living and non living things like plants, animals, soil,…

Q: Which activity would be most likely categorized as restoration ecology?   a. Counting the number of…

A: RESTORATION ECOLOGY:- It helps in repairing the damage caused by the human that has destroyed the…

Q: Characteristics of the Hutchinsonian niche are O a. the niche is formed by species distribution…

A: Hutchinson niche in 1957 proposed the concept of Hutchinsonian niche which is also called n-…

Q: Anannual plant when initially colonizing an area will probably demonstrate:a.annual growth…

A: Introduction  Ecological succession is the gradual phenomenon in which an ecosystem for a particular…

Q: The part of the non-farm sector that uses agricultural output as an input is example of Select one:…

A: Non-farm sector refers to the sector of production industry which are not directly related to any…

Q: _____ is a term describing species that are in danger of becoming endangered.  a. extinct b.…

A: The IUCN Red List is the most sought after list which gives an account of the conservation status of…

Q: Sunlight drives the production of terrestrial grasses along the bank of a tropical river. Hippo…

A: Sunlight drives the production of terrestrial grasses along the bank of a tropical river. Hippo…

Q: The key finding ofl a study with butterflies and habitat fragmentation by Haddad and colleagues was…

A: Habitat fragmentation is characterised as the transformation of a wide expanse of habitat into a…

Q: in the absence of natural disturbance(or human intervention) some habitat types in a protected area…

A: Habitat is a place where the organism gets everything needed to live a life and to reproduce.…

Q: Hippopotamus were introduced into a lake in central Africa. Grazing by Hippo resulted in an increase…

A: The niche of the hippopotamus encompasses various roles and interactions within its ecosystem. As…

Q: Increasing colonization rate will the equilibrium fraction occupied patches а. Increase O b. Depend…

A: Answer  B. Depends on metapopulation model

Q: The island equilibrium model predicts that a small island will be able to support _____ species than…

A: According to the Island equilibrium model:- 1) Immigration is high on near islands than on the…

Q: 38. The graphs to the right (beak sizes of two bird species on 3 islands) are evidence of Pinta…

A: A species where they lives, this the habitat of that particular species and where the species…

Q: The model of metapopulations postulates that some patches that are suitable for a species will not…

A: When several local are interconnected by migration and gene flow between the various patches, the…

Q: A. What is the carrying capacity of this Grey Squirrel population? B. Grey Squirrels are invasice…

A: Carrying capacity of a population is the maximum number of individuals can present in a population.…

Q: Biodiversity hotspotsa. have few populations because the temperature is too hot.b. contain about 20%…

A: A biodiversity hotspot is a region with a high concentration of endemic species, that is, species…

Q: A recent United Nations analysis report gathered data on declines in biodiversity across the world.…

A: Human beings can cause extinction of a species through over-harvesting, deforestation, the loss of…

Q: Predators that are specialists usually have a population abundance: a. That is usually very small. O…

A: The population abundance is majorly affected by climatic factors of a particular area .

Q: Gause’sexperiments with Paramecium and Didinium showed:a.extinction of the predator, followed by…

A: In biological communities, the population interact with each other. The interaction can be…

Q: INTERPRETING ECOLOGICAL DATA Graph 1: Rabbits Over Time a. The graph shows a b. The carrying…

A: Introduction :  The two factors used to evaluate a country's population growth are the birth rate…

Communities and Ecosystems

Ecology contains two words: Eikos means dwelling, and logy means to study, so the combined meaning is studying habitat or living.