BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 53, Problem 2U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Behavior in an animal can develop from previous experiences through learning. In associative learning, a behavior is modified or conditioned through the associations between stimuli and its response. There are two types of associative learning: classical conditioning and operant conditioning.
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Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation?
A. flamingo's feathers turn pink after eating crustaceans.
B. A snowshoe hare turns white in the winter.
C. A robin builds a nest out of sticks and dry grass.
D. A Komodo dragon has a poisonous bite.
Which statement about fixed action patterns is false?
a.
They are all behaviors.
b.
They are under control of the nervous system.
c.
They require learning.
d.
They can be quite elaborate.
Although the trains that rumble through your town once bothered you,now you barely even hear them. This example illustratesa. habituation.b. associative learning.c. a reflex.d. imprinting
Chapter 53 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 53.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 53.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.7 - Define migration.Ch. 53.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.7 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.8 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.8 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.8 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.9 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.9 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.10 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.10 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.11 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.11 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.11 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.12 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.12 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.12 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53.13 - Prob. 1LOCh. 53.13 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.13 - Prob. 3LOCh. 53 - Prob. 1DACh. 53 - Prob. 2DACh. 53 - Prob. 3DACh. 53 - Prob. 4DACh. 53 - Prob. 5DACh. 53 - Prob. 1IQCh. 53 - Prob. 2IQCh. 53 - Prob. 3IQCh. 53 - What factors might be responsible for the slight...Ch. 53 - Prob. 1UCh. 53 - Prob. 2UCh. 53 - The study of song development in sparrows showed...Ch. 53 - Prob. 4UCh. 53 - Prob. 5UCh. 53 - Prob. 6UCh. 53 - Prob. 7UCh. 53 - Prob. 8UCh. 53 - In the haplodiploidy system of sex determination,...Ch. 53 - Prob. 10UCh. 53 - Prob. 11UCh. 53 - Prob. 1ACh. 53 - Refer to figure 54.25. Six pairs of birds were...Ch. 53 - Prob. 3ACh. 53 - Prob. 1SCh. 53 - Behavioral genetics has made great advances from...Ch. 53 - If a female bird chooses to live in the territory...
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- Training a dog to perform tricks using verbal commands and treats is an example ofa. nonassociative learning.b. operant conditioning.c. classical conditioning.d. imprinting.arrow_forwardA genetically inherited, complex pattern of behavior that always appears among members of a particular speciesunder appropriate environmental conditions is a(n)a. reflex.b. instinct.c. drive.d. needarrow_forwardWith______ , the consequences of a voluntary behavior cause an animal to repeat or avoid that behavior. a. instinct c. classical conditioning b. imprinting d. operant conditioningarrow_forward
- Why did Thompson conclude that eyeblink conditioning depends on the lateral interpositus nucleus, instead of the red nucleus?A. Inactivating the red nucleus failed to suppress responses.B. Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses, and after the rabbit recovered, it had to learn the same as a rabbit that had never been trained.C. Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses to some stimuli but not others.D. Inactivating the red nucleus suppressed responses, but did not prevent learning.arrow_forwardAn enriched environment including social interactions promotes growth of axons and dendrites in laboratory rodents. What else can produce the same effect?A. Improved dietB. Physical activityC. Exposure to musicD. Extra sleeparrow_forwardClassify each of the following descriptions as either a proximate or anultimate cause of behavior. For all proximate causes, speculate about apossible ultimate cause of the behavior. a. A surge of epinephrine initiates a flight response in a gazelle.b. Turtles use Earth’s magnetic field lines as guides during migration.c. A small mammal ignores low-energy food sources that are difficultto obtain, maximizing energy gain from foraging.d. A bird distracts a predator near its nest, increasing the nestlings’chance of survival.arrow_forward
- Conventional signals are not costly because they often entail slight visible variations in only a small portion of the body, but they can be rendered honest through social reinforcement. Which example best demonstrates this case? A. Birds with large throat patches with poor fighting ability are attacked more often by dominant birds. B. Aggressive wasps with facial patterns indicating their fighting ability are less likely to be attacked. C. A dominant lion is able to evict younger chalengers from the pride. D. Female chimps will not mate with a male defeated in combat.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not describe a function of aggressive animal behavior? A. Aggressive behavior leads to fights that allow strong animals kill off weaker members of the species. B. Aggressive behavior is displayed to establish hierarchy without violence. C. Aggressive behavior is displayed to establish territorial boundaries. D. Aggressive behavior is displayed to determine who is allowed to mate.arrow_forwardWhat evidence led Lashley to draw his conclusions of equipotentiality and mass action? a. Learning depends on changes at synapses using all types of neurotransmitters. b. Electrical stimulation of the brain can produce either reward or punishment, depending on the intensity of stimulation. c. EEG studies show activation throughout the brain during an experiment on learning. d. Impairment of learning depended on the amount of cortical damage rather than the location.arrow_forward
- Explain the difference between innate and learned behavior using examples.arrow_forward1. With "preprogrammed" innate behaviors, a sign stimulus is followed by a. a period of habituation b. a fixed-action response c. remembrance and adjustment (learning) d. integrated cognitive mapping 2. An ethologist is studying what factors contribute to mass spawning by coral. The ethologist is considering sea temperature, moon phases, and seasonal changes in ocean currents. This kind of study is particularly interested in what aspect of animal behavior? a. Ultimate causation b. Proximate causation c. Associative learning d. Operant conditioning 3. To a behavior ecologist, the term "taxis" refers to what? a. Random movements of animals; that is, movement not induced by stimuli b. The instinctive tendency of social animals to self-select into a hierarchy ("pecking order") c. Behavior modifications specific to circadian rhythms d. Purposeful movement of an animal either toward or away from a stimulus 4. Each of the following are directly involved or associated with animal migration…arrow_forwardA study was done to see why crickets chirp and the reactions to stimulus that caused the audible sound to occur. Throughout the experiment they tested how a target (male) cricket interacts with different stimuli in the form of both male and female cricket. Their methods revolved around getting quantitive data on three separate behaviors that occurred in the target male: locomotion(any time the target did a continuous movement), contact(counted when the target touched a stimulus with any part of its body), and chirping(audible, chirp sound with leg or wing movement from the target). The target was rotated each test, so each data point came from a different cricket with the female stimulus, being the same each time, and their previous target becoming the male stimulus. They would place the two male crickets in the target bin and let them acclimate for two minutes before they began collecting data from the target for three minutes. Then the female stimulus was placed in the bin and left…arrow_forward
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