Campbell Biology
Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 52, Problem 9TYU
Summary Introduction

To formulate: A hypothesis to explain the observed pattern that is obtained from the research.

Introduction: The distribution of species is the consequence of the evolutionary history as well as the ecological factors. For example, Kangaroos are located only in Australia. In various cases, both the abiotic and the biotic factors affect the species distribution.

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Interpret the following graphs: In the graphs, the number of days are 18.. 1 day is equal to 60 sec. For the first graph, days are taken on x-axis. The mean foraging times are taken on y-axis. For the 2nd graph, percentage of prey caught during first half of winter(1-6days) were taken on x-axis and percentage of prey caught during 2nd half of winter(7-12days) were taken on y-axis.
Red-billed oxpeckers feed almost exclusively on what they can collect from the skin of large African mammals. This includes ticks and other ectoparasites, but also dead skin and blood of the mammal. The attached image shows a red-billed oxpecker sitting on the back of a warthog with a tick in its bill. A recent study found that the depletion of African mammals due to habitat loss and hunting leads to declines in oxpeckers. Researchers were interested in whether the nature of the interaction between African mammals and oxpeckers was context-dependent. They compared the effect of removal of oxpeckers in two areas in which the number of ticks on the mammals differed. In area 2, stomach content data of oxpeckers showed they consumed ~400 ticks per day. Cows were infested experimentally with large numbers of tick larvae and then oxpeckers were introduced at different stages in the tick life cycle (larvae; nymph; adult). They counted the number of adult ticks that dropped off the…
Red-billed oxpeckers feed almost exclusively on what they can collect from the skin of large African mammals. This includes ticks and other ectoparasites, but also dead skin and blood of the mammal. The attached image shows a red-billed oxpecker sitting on the back of a warthog with a tick in its bill. A recent study found that the depletion of African mammals due to habitat loss and hunting leads to declines in oxpeckers. Researchers were interested in whether the nature of the interaction between African mammals and oxpeckers was context-dependent. They compared the effect of removal of oxpeckers in two areas in which the number of ticks on the mammals differed. Given the data described in the introduction to this section, what effect do African mammals have on oxpeckers a) Positive b) negative c) neutral

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