Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 50.3, Problem 4R
Summary Introduction
To review:
Gut microbiota is an important source of nutrition for ruminants, but not for humans.
Introduction:
Ruminants are mammals, which are capable of fermenting their food before digesting it. Gut microbiota refers to the microorganisms, mostly bacteria, which live in the stomach of mammals including humans without causing any harmful symptoms or disease.
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II. Match the terms associated with animal nutrition with the statements below.
A) Filter-feeder
B) Incomplete digestion
C) Food vacuoles
D) Extracellular digestion
E) Substrate feeder
11. Organisms that have one opening for both entry of food and exit of undigested food.
12. Vacuole which contains foreign substances that fuses with lysosome which is involved
with cellular digestion.
13. Clams suck in water to strain small organisms and dissolved nutrients found in water
are transferred back through body fluid.
II. Match the terms associated with animal nutrition with the statements below.
A) Filter-feeder
B) Incomplete digestion
C) Food vacuoles
D) Extracellular digestion
E) Substrate feeder
11. Organisms that have one opening for both entry of food and exit of undigested food.
12. Vacuole which contains foreign substances that fuses with lysosome which is involved
with cellular digestion.
13. Clams suck in water to strain small organisms and dissolved nutrients found in water.
14. Larvae that thrive on the source of its food such as fly larvae staying on meat surface.
15. Mushrooms excrete enzymes within its surrounding where digestive cells and nutrients
are transferred back through body fluid.
Which of the following statements about the microbiota of the intestines is false?
1)The bacterial population in the small intestine is sparse compared to that of the colon
2)Aerobes outnumber anaerobes 100 to 1
3)Bacteria in the intestines aid in the digestion of food substances
4)None of these choices are false
Chapter 50 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- Gas released from oligosaccharide metabolism by intestinal bacteria is :; Carbon dioxide Sulfur dioxide Nitric oxide methanearrow_forwardWhich of the following digestive system structures is greatly expanded in size in HERBIVORES, resulting in a very large surface area for microbes to digest plant material? Group of answer choices rumen stomach cecum gall bladderarrow_forwardCatabolic reactions whereby enzymes split large molecules into their building blocks is called _. A) absorption B) Chemical digestion C) Peristalsis D) Mechanical digestionarrow_forward
- List the types of normal biota presently known to occupy the gastrointestinal tract.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an essential role played by large intestine bacteria?A) produce gasB) synthesize vitamin K and B-complex vitaminsC) synthesize vitamins C and DD) absorb bilirubinarrow_forwardTerrestrial snails perform digestion through the A)incorporation of food into a mucoid mass called a protostyle B)filtration of food by the mantle cavity C)use of a crystalline style for the release of digestive enzymes into a mucoid mass of food D)secretion of digestive enzymes into the forgut followed by absorption of nutrients by the hindgutarrow_forward
- The main site of absorption of nutrients is in the 1) mouth 2) stomach 3) small intestine 4) large intestine 5) liverarrow_forwardGut commensal bacteria are beneficial to animal nutrition including humans. For non-fermenting animals such as humans, select the answer that describes the greatest benefit of gut microflora on nutritional physiology. Select one: a. Absorption of carbohydrates b. Removal of water c. Production of some types of essential vitamins such as biotin and vitamin K d. Generation of gases necessary for proper eliminationarrow_forwardDiscuss why the tunica mucosa in the colon has a high percentage of goblet cells to produce mucin.arrow_forward
- lndications for parenteral nutrition include the following except() A) Gut is cancerous B) Gut is absolutely obstructed C) Gut is too short D) Gut is fistulated E) Gut is inflamedarrow_forwardStyles D) Low blood pH Pane Which of the following is NOT an enzyme secreted into the small intestine as an aid to chemical digestion: A) Bile B) Lipase D) Amylasearrow_forwardName the key characteristics shared by the medically importantmembers of the Family Enterobacteriaceae.arrow_forward
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