Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 50, Problem 4TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The chemical messengers that are produced in the body are called hormones. Hormones act on target tissues as their secretions are directly poured in the bloodstream. Stimulation of anterior pituitary gland leads to the release of thyroid hormone.
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An increase of insulin level causes
A. A decrease in the concentration of blood glucose
B. A decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose
C. An increase in the production of glucose from glycogen
D. None of these
2. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by
A. Glucose in the urine
B. Excessive urine production
C. Dehydration
D. All of these
3.Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is caused by
A. Excess sugar in the diet
B. Obesity
C. A disorder of the immune system
D. An effect of aging
4.Treatment of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus usually involves
A. Controlling the diet
B. Exercising regularly…
ndicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, correct the statement or provide a briefexplanation for why it is false.a. Insulin increases the rate of glucose uptake by the tissues.b. Glucagon is the hormone that signals low blood glucose levels.c. The muscles can use glucose, fatty acids and ketone bodies for fuel.d. Epinephrine stimulates breakdown of glycogen in muscles when there is an immediate needfor energy by muscle cells.e. Glucagon stimulates glycogenolysis to maintain the blood glucose concentration.f. With high [carbohydrate] levels, excess glucose (after glycogen storage has reached amaximum) is converted to fat.g. The high potential electrons of NADH enter the respiratory chain at NADH-Q reductase.h. Ubiquinol (QH2) is also the entry point for electrons from NADH of flavoproteins.i. Cytochrome reductase catalyzes the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to O2.
Hyposecretion of hGH during childhood results in a condition called dwarfism. Children affected with hyposecretion of hGH do not reach normal heights. In contrast, adults affected with hyposecretion of hGH
Select one:
a. will have normal height and suffer from acromegaly
b. will not have normal height and may suffer from acromegaly
c. will have decreased fat mass and increased muscle mass
d. will have increased fat mass and decreased muscle mass
Chapter 50 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 50.2 - Prob. 1CSCh. 50.3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 50.3 - Prob. 1EQCh. 50.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 50.3 - Prob. 3EQCh. 50.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 50.4 - Prob. 1CSCh. 50.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 50.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 50.5 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 50 - Which is the defining feature of hormones? a. They...Ch. 50 - Steroid hormones are synthesized from ______blank...Ch. 50 - Prob. 3TYCh. 50 - Prob. 4TYCh. 50 - Prob. 5TYCh. 50 - Prob. 6TYCh. 50 - Which of the following pairs of hormones are...Ch. 50 - In invertebrates, molting of larvae is stimulated...Ch. 50 - Which of the following is true of the adrenal...Ch. 50 - Prob. 10TYCh. 50 - Prob. 1CQCh. 50 - Distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes...Ch. 50 - Core Concept: Systems Organ systems often exert...Ch. 50 - Discuss the roles of hormones in growth and...Ch. 50 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Gigantism is a disease that Select one: A. is caused by deficiency of GHRH. B. occurs in adults. C. is characterized by excessive growth of long bones. D. is treated by recombinant growth hormone. E. can lead to hyperpituitarism.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about type 2 diabetes is true? Select one: A. It is an autoimmune disease. B. It is caused by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. C. It can result in hyperglycemia. D. It is characterized by a lack of insulin production. E. It is caused by a lack of pancreatic alpha cells. Oarrow_forwardAfter sepsis 27-year-old patient has bronze color of the skin which typical for Addison disease. Mechanism of hyper pigmentation is based on increasing of hormone secretion. What hormone is up-regulated? a. Somatotropic b. thyreotropic c. B lipotropic d. Gonadotropic e. Melanostimulatingarrow_forward
- Which of the following correctly describes the hormone insulin? a. It is produced by B cells in the pancreas. b. It increases glucose uptake by liver and muscle cells. c. It is a peptide hormone. d. It lowers blood glucose levels. e. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardChoose the statement that most accurately predicts the long-term effectof exposure to a substance that prevents the active transport of iodideby the thyroid gland.a. Large amounts of T3 and T4 accumulate within the thyroid follicles,but little is released.b. The person exhibits hypothyroidism.c. The anterior pituitary secretes smaller amounts of TSH.d. The circulating levels of T3 and T4 increase.arrow_forwardTumors that affect the pituitary can lead to decreases in some, but not all, hormones released by the pituitary. A patient with such a tumor exhibits fatigue, weight loss, and low blood sugar. This is probably due to lack of production of a. GH, which leads to loss of muscle mass. b. ACTH, which leads to loss of production of glucocorticoids. c. TSH, which leads to loss of production of thyroxin. d. ADH, which leads to excess urine production.arrow_forward
- Developing of gigantism is conditioned by:A. Overwhelming secretion of GH in adolescenceB. Overwhelming secretion of GH in old ageC. Overwhelming secretion of GH in adultsD. Overwhelming secretion of somatostatin in adultsE. Inborn sensitivity lack in tissues to GHarrow_forwardWhich states are contraindications for surgical treatment of goiter? A. Diffuse toxic goiter in decompensation B. Nodular goiter C. Toxic goiter in pregnancy D. Adenoma of thyroid gland E. Diffuse toxic goiter in compensationarrow_forwardGrave's disease is caused by the overproduction of immunoglobulins that mimic the shape of TSH and thereby bind to the TSH receptors. What is the expected hormonal change to the overproduction of TSH mimicking immunoglobulins? a. a decrease in the production of TSH, leading to a decrease in the metabolic rate b. an increase in metabolic rate, leading to a decrease in the production of TRH c. a decrease in metabolic rate, leading to an increase in the production of TSH d. an increase in the production of TRH, leading to an increase in the metabolic ratearrow_forward
- What produces hormones? A. Thyroid cartilage of the larynx B. Thyroid gland C. Sternothyroid D. None of the abovearrow_forwardBoth the _____ are involved in the synthesis of calcitriol and erythropoietin. a. anterior and posterior pituitary b. thyroid gland and thymus c. liver and kidneys d. parathyroids and pancreatic islets e. epidermis and liverarrow_forwardA. Salomon has a tumor in the pituitary gland that causes him to release excess amounts of ADH. Possible symptoms arising from this elevated hormone would be a. decreased blood volume b. increased blood pressure c. production of milk d. high blood glucose levels FIRST THINK! 1. What are the functions of ADH?arrow_forward
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