Principles of Foundation Engineering (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337705028
Author: Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam Sivakugan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 5.12P
To determine
Find the degree of consolidation for the clay layer due to the combination of vertical and radial drainage.
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A 10-ft-thick clay layer is drained at the top and bottom. Its characteristics are Cvr = Cv (for vertical drainage) = 0.042 ft2/day, rw = 8 in., and de = 6 ft. Estimate the degree of consolidation of the clay layer caused by the combination of vertical and radial drainage at t = 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1 year. Assume that the surcharge is applied instantaneously, and there is no smear.
For
the soil profile given below, assume that the primary consolidation settlement for the
clay layer is completed in 3 years. Estimate the secondary consolidation settlement for the
clay layer at the end of 10 years. Yw= 10kN/m³, Ca= 0.03
1m
1.5m
2m
BxL= 2m x 4m
Groundwater table
0.5m
90 = 100kPa
Sand
y = 17.0 kN/m³
Sand
Ysat 19.0 kN/m³
a retaining wall are shown in
Normally consolidated Clay
Ysat 20 kN/m³
eo = 0.7
Cs=0.09 Cc = 0.2
Given: rw = 0.25 m, rs = 0.35 m, de =4.5 m, cv 5 cvr = 0.3 m2/month, kh/ks 5 2, and Hc = 9 m. Determine:
The degree of consolidation for the clay layer causedonly by the sand drains after six months of surchargeapplication
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- 1. A soil profile is shown in the figure.A uniformly distribute d load of 50 Kpa is applied at the ground surface. Assume Cs= 1/5 Cc. What is the settlement of the clay layercaused by primary consolidation if: a. The clay is normally consolidate d b. The preconsolidation pre ssure, de= 210 Kpa c. The preconsolidation pressure, o.= 150 Kpa Ap = 50 kPa Sand 3 m Yay = 16 kN/m? Ground water table 6 m Sand Ya = 18.5 kN/m Clay Yar = 19 kN/m e = 0.95 LL = 50 8 m Sand Figure 06.4arrow_forwardC 5. For the soil profile given below, assume that the primary consolidation settlement for the clay layer is completed in 3 years. Estimate the secondary consolidation settlement for the clay layer at the end of 10 years. Yw= 10kN/m³, Ca = 0.03 t 1m 1.5m 2m Groundwater table 0.5m 90 = 100kPa BXL = 2m x 4m Sand y = 17.0 kN/m³ Sand Ysat = 19.0 kN/m³ = Normally consolidated Clay Ysat = 20 kN/m³ eo = 0.7 Cs= 0.09 Cc = 0.2arrow_forwardA stratum of normally consolidated clay of thickness 10 ft is drained on one side only. It has a hydraulic conductivity of h = 1.863 x 10^-8 in/sec and a coefficient of volume compressibility mv = 8.6 x 10-^4 in2/lb. Determine the time required for 80% consolidation by assuming a uniformly distributed load of 5250 lb/ft2.arrow_forward
- In the soil profile shown below, the clay is normally consolidated and H,=9m, H2=5m, H3=3m. The depth of water table is then decreased so that H;=2m, H2=12m, H3=3m. a) Calculate the overconsolidation ratio (OCR) at this stage. When a surcharge of Ao = 180 kPa applied to the surface. b) Estimate the primary consolidation settlement of the clay layer. c) Estimate the degree of consolidation will be after 40 days? d) How many days would it take for 90% consolidation? Soil characteristics are as follows (use appropriate relations from the Appendix, 9.81 kN/m³): Yw = Sand: e = 0.56; G, = 2.6 Clay: LL = 63; e = 0.83; G, = 2.77; C, = - Cc; Cy = 6.66 × 10-4cm² /s %3D Ao H1 Sand Groundwater table Sand H2 Clay. Void ratio = e H3 Normally consolidated Sandarrow_forwardFor a normally consolidated soil, the following is given: Determine the following: a. The compression index, Cc. b. The void ratio corresponding to pressure of 200 kN/m2arrow_forwardCompressibililty: Consolidation and Settlement of Soil 500 kN 4m x 3m 3.5m Dry Sand = 15 kN/m Yary Sand Y = 17 kN/m³ 1.5m Clay = 19 kN/m Ysat e. = 1.0 LL = 50% 4.5m 2. Find the total consolidation settlement of the clay 4 years after the completion of primary consolidation settlement. The time for the completion of the primary consolidation settlement is 3 years. Ca = 0.020 (E; = 18 MPa, Poisson's Ratio = 0.20, I = 1.0)arrow_forward
- surcharge of 1000 lb/ft?? Assume C, = 1/6 C. 8.6 A soil profile is shown in Figure 8.23. The preconsolidation pressure is 3400 lb/ft?. Estimate the primary consolidation settlement that will take place as a result of a surcharge Ao = 1500 lb/ft. Assume C, = 1/5 C. %3D %3D Aa Dry sand 90=2 G, = 2.65 10 ft Groundwater table Sand 10 ft- G, = 265 Clay 10 ft W= 30% G,= 2.7 Liquid limit=35 Rock Figure 8.23 aning. All Rights Reserved. May not he copied, scanned or duplicated in whole or in Due to olectrIGK nhu scme third parry COnent may be suppressed inm the eBook andoreChuptersarrow_forwardThe saturated NC clay is 8 meters deep. The moisture content is 40% and the specific gravity is 2.5. If we know that loading increased the effective stress in the middle of the layer by 270 kpa, then answer the following questions. (cc = 0.2, Cs = 0.05) 1. Calculate the settlement after the consolidation. 2. Calculate the void ratio after consolidation. 3. Calculate the volume compressibility coefficient in terms of Kpa 4. If we unload the load that we applied, calculate the swelling and final void ratio. 5. If the effective stress increases after loading the soil again by 570 Kpa in the middle of the soil layer, calculate the consolidation settlement.arrow_forward2. Estimate the hydraulic conductivity (in cm/sec) of a poorly graded sand with the following characteristics: d100 = 0.425mm, d50= 0.3mm, d30 = 0.25mm, d10= 0.2mm, and do = 0.1mm. Show your work and circle your answer.arrow_forward
- A stratum of normally consolidated clay of thickness 10 ft is drained on one side only. It has a hydraulic conductivity of h = 1.863 x 10^-8 in/sec and a coefficient of volume compressibility mv = 8.6 x 10^-4 in2/lb. Determine the time required for 20% consolidation by assuming a uniformly distributed load of 5250 lb/ft2. a.8.72 days b.157.50 days c.6.982 days d.125.64 daysarrow_forwardb) For a normally consolidated laboratory clay specimen drained on both sides, the follow are given o'o =150 kN/m², e = eo = 1.1 •o'o+ Ao = 300 kN/m², e = 0.9 The thickness of clay specimen = 25mm Time for 50% consolidation = 2mm a) Determine the hydraulic conductivity of the clay for the loading range. %3D CR[5] b) How long (in days) will it take for a 1.8m clay layer in the field (drained on one side) to reach 60% consolidation.arrow_forward
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