College Physics
OER 2016 Edition
ISBN: 9781947172173
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 5, Problem 3TP
To determine
The suitable statement for the case when a block is provided with a short push after which it slides with a constant friction across a horizontal floor.
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The answer may be One or more than one
Choose the correct statements about an isolated system.
a.
An isolated system can exchange particles but not energy with its surroundings.
b.
An isolated system is far from the observer.
c.
ΔSsystem = ΔStotal
d.
An isolated system cannot exchange particles or energy with the surroundings.
e.
An isolated system is always in equilibrium with its surroundings.
Energy can be transferred between objects and it can change forms.
a. Give an example of a situation where energy is transferred from one object to another. Make sure to describe which object started off with the energy and where the energy went.
b. Give an example of a situation where energy changes from one type to another. Make sure to describe the original form of the energy, and what object causes the change in the type of the energy.
A person riding a bike at 15 mph is in an accident. They are wearing a helmet. How does the padding in the helmet reduce injury to the cyclist? Select all that apply.
A. The padding in the helmet reduces the change in kinetic energy of the head which decreases the force exerted on the head.
B. The padding in the helmet increases the stopping distance of the head which decreases the force exerted on the head.
C. The padding in the helmet increases the stopping time of the head which decreases the force exerted on the head.
D. The padding in the helmet reduces the change in momentum of the head which decreases the force exerted on the head.
Chapter 5 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 5 - Define normal force. What is its relationship to...Ch. 5 - The glue on a piece of tape can exert forces. Can...Ch. 5 - When you learn to drive, you discover that you...Ch. 5 - When you push a piece of chalk across a...Ch. 5 - Athletes such as swimmers and bicyclists wear body...Ch. 5 - Two expressions were used for the drag force...Ch. 5 - As cars travel, oil and gasoline leaks onto the...Ch. 5 - Why can a squirrel jump from a tree branch to the...Ch. 5 - The elastic properties of the arteries are...Ch. 5 - What are you feeling when you feel your pulse?...
Ch. 5 - Examine different types of shoes, including sports...Ch. 5 - Would you expect your height to be different...Ch. 5 - Why can a squirrel from a tree branch to the...Ch. 5 - Explain why pregnant women often suffer from back...Ch. 5 - An old carpenter's trick to keep nails from...Ch. 5 - When a glass bottle full of vinegar warms up, both...Ch. 5 - A physics major is cooking breakfast when he...Ch. 5 - (a) When rebuilding her car's engine, a physics...Ch. 5 - (a) What is the maximum frictional force in the...Ch. 5 - Suppose you have a 120-kg wooden crate resting on...Ch. 5 - (a) If half of the weight of a small 1.00103 kg...Ch. 5 - A team of eight dogs pulls a sled with waxed wood...Ch. 5 - Consider the 65.0-kg ice skater being pushed by...Ch. 5 - Show that the acceleration of any object down a...Ch. 5 - Show that the acceleration of any object down an...Ch. 5 - Calculate the deceleration of a snow boarder going...Ch. 5 - (a) Calculate the acceleration of a skier heading...Ch. 5 - If an object is to rest on an incline without...Ch. 5 - Calculate the maximum deceleration of a car that...Ch. 5 - Calculate the maximum acceleration of a car that...Ch. 5 - Repeat Exercise 5.14 for a car with four-wheel...Ch. 5 - A freight train consists of two 8.00105 -kg...Ch. 5 - Consider the 52.0-kg mountain climber in Figure...Ch. 5 - A contestant in a winter sporting event pushes a...Ch. 5 - Repeat Exercise 5.18 with the contestant pulling...Ch. 5 - The terminal velocity of a person falling in air...Ch. 5 - A 60-kg and a go-kg skydiver jump from an airplane...Ch. 5 - A 560-g squirrel with a surface area of 930 cm2...Ch. 5 - To maintain a constant speed, the force provided...Ch. 5 - By what factor does the drag force on a car...Ch. 5 - Calculate the speed a spherical rain drop would...Ch. 5 - Using Stokes' law, verify that the units for...Ch. 5 - Find the terminal velocity of a spherical...Ch. 5 - Stokes' law describes sedimentation of particles...Ch. 5 - During a circus act, one performer swings upside...Ch. 5 - During a wrestling match, a 150 kg wrestler...Ch. 5 - (a) The "lead" in pencils is a graphite...Ch. 5 - TV broadcast antennas are the tallest artificial...Ch. 5 - (a) By how much does a 65.0-kg mountain climber...Ch. 5 - A 20.0-m tall hollow aluminum flagpole is...Ch. 5 - As an oil well is drilled, each new section of...Ch. 5 - Calculate the force a piano tuner applies to...Ch. 5 - A vertebra is subjected to a shearing force of 500...Ch. 5 - A disk between vertebrae in the spine is subjected...Ch. 5 - When using a pencil eraser, you exert a vertical...Ch. 5 - To consider the effect of wires hung on poles, we...Ch. 5 - A farmer making grape juice fills a glass bottle...Ch. 5 - (a) When water freezes, its volume increases by...Ch. 5 - This problem returns to the tightrope walker...Ch. 5 - The pole in Figure 5.24 is at a 90.0° bend in a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1TPCh. 5 - Prob. 2TPCh. 5 - Prob. 3TPCh. 5 - Prob. 4TP
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- A suspicious physics student watches a stunt performed at an ice show. In the stunt, a performer shoots an arrow into a bale of hay (Fig. P11.24). Another performer rides on the bale of hay like a cowboy. After the arrow enters the bale, the balearrow system slides roughly 5 m along the ice. Estimate the initial speed of the arrow. Is there a trick to this stunt? FIGURE P11.24arrow_forward(a) A child slides down a water slide at an amusement park from an initial height h. The slide can be considered frictionless because of the water flowing down it. Can the equation for conservation of mechanical energy be used on the child? (b) Is the mass of the child a factor in determining his speed at the bottom of the slide? (c) The child drops straight down rather than following the curved ramp of the slide. In which case will he be traveling faster at ground level? (d) If friction is present, how would the conservation-of-energy equation be modified? (e) Find the maximum speed of the child when the slide is frictionless if the initial height of the slide is 12.0 m.arrow_forwardReview. A uniform board of length L is sliding along a smooth, frictionless, horizontal plane as shown in Figure P8.45a. The board then slides across the boundary with a rough horizontal surface. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the board and the second surface is k. (a) Find the acceleration of the board at the moment its front end has traveled a distance x beyond the boundary. (b) The board stops at the moment its back end reaches the boundary as shown in Figure P8.45b. Find the initial speed v of the board. Figure P8.45arrow_forward
- A puck of mass 0.170 kg slides across ice in the positive x-direction with a kinetic friction coefficient between the ice and puck of 0.150. If the puck is moving at an initial speed of 12.0 m/s, (a) what is the force of kinetic friction? (b) What is the acceleration of the puck? (c) How long does it take for the puck to come to rest? (d) What distance does the puck travel during that time? (e) What total work does friction do on the puck? (f) What average power does friction generate in the puck during that time? (g) What instantaneous power does friction generate in the puck when the velocity is 6.00 m/s? (See Sections 2.5, 4.6, 5.1, and 5.6.)arrow_forward(a) A block with a mass m is pulled along a horizontal surface for a distance x by a constant force F at an angle with respect to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic friction between block and table is k the force exerted by friction equal to kmg? If not, what is the force exerted by friction? (b) How much work is done by the friction force and by F? (Dont forget the signs.) (c) Identify all the forces that do no work on the block, (d) Let m = 2.00 kg, x = 4.00 m, = 37.0, F= 15.0 N, and k = 0.400, and find I the answers to parts (a) and (b). Figure P5.39arrow_forward(a) What will be the kinetic energy of the asteroid in the previous problem just before it hits Earth? (b) Compare this energy to the output of the largest fission bomb, 2100 TJ. What impact would this have on Earth?arrow_forward
- A system consists of three particles, each of mass 5.00 g, located at the corners of an equilateral triangle with sides of 30.0 cm. (a) Calculate the gravitational potential energy of the system. (b) Assume the particles are released simultaneously. Describe the subsequent motion of each. Will any collisions take place? Explain.arrow_forwardReturn to Example 9.9 and use the result to find the tension in the rope. Example 9.9 Snow Tubing At a winter recreation resort, snow tubers at the bottom of the hill hook their tubes to a tow rope. A motor pulls the rope so that tubers move at constant velocity to the top of the hill. (Ignore the momentary acceleration of the tuber when he first attaches his tube to the rope.) The coefficient of kinetic friction between the tube and the snow is k = 0.16. A boy and his tube with a total weight of 415 N are pulled a distance of 255 m up the 18 incline (Fig. 9.29). Consider the Earth, the boy, his tube, and the snow along his path to make up the system. Find the energy transferred from the motor to the system via the work done by the rope. FIGURE 9.29arrow_forward(a) Calculate the force needed to bring a 950-kg car to rest from a speed of 90.0 km/h in a distance of 120 m (a fairly typical distance for a non-panic stop). (b) Suppose instead the car hits a concrete abutment at full speed and is brought to a stop in 2.00 m. Calculate the force exerted on the car and compare it with the force found in part (a).arrow_forward
- Estimate the kinetic energy of the following: a. An ant walking across the kitchen floor b. A baseball thrown by a professional pitcher c. A car on the highway d. A large truck on the highwayarrow_forwardA child of mass m starts from rest and slides without friction from a height h along a slide next to a pool (Fig. P7.27). She is launched from a height h/5 into the air over the pool. We wish to find the maximum height she reaches above the water in her projectile motion. (a) Is the childEarth system isolated or nonisolated? Why? (b) Is there a nonconservative force acting within the system? (c) Define the configuration of the system when the child is at the water level as having zero gravitational potential energy. Express the total energy of the system when the child is at the top of the waterslide. (d) Express the total energy of the system when the child is at the launching point. (e) Express the total energy of the system when the child is at the highest point in her projectile motion. (f) From parts (c) and (d), determine her initial speed vi at the launch point in terms of g and h. (g) From parts (d), (e), and (f), determine her maximum airborne height ymax in terms of h and the launch angle . (h) Would your answers be the same if the waterslide were not frictionless? Explain. Figure P7.27arrow_forwardA rectangular block has a length that is five times its width and a height that is three times its width. The blocks surfaces are all identical except for size. When the block is placed on a horizontal tabletop so that the area in contact with the table is length width, it is found that a horizontal force of 10.0 N applied to the block is just sufficient to overcome the static friction force and cause the block to move. The block is then knocked over so that the area in contact with the table is length height. Now, what minimum horizontal force will cause the block to move? Explain.arrow_forward
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