Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781285866932
Author: Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 5, Problem 1TAHL
Summary Introduction
To write:
The reason for recognizing the object presented to the right cerebral hemisphere in a split-brain patient even after not seeing it.
Introduction:
The brain is formed of two cerebral hemispheres. These hemispheres are divided by a furrow known as the longitudinal fissure. The brain is therefore usually described as the right and left cerebral hemispheres. The nervous system can be defined as a highly complex portion of an animal which directs its actions and sensory messages by transmitting signals to and from diverse body parts.
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The den network of fibers that connect the two hemispheres is called the corpus Callosum. Much of what we know about the difference between the left and right hemispheres came from the study of patients with a severe form of epilepsy. To help control the number, duration, and intensity of the epileptic seizures, The corpus callosum was cut. By studying these individuals, Roger Sperry and others learned that the two hemispheres are specialized for different types of task and different modes of thought.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 5.1 - Draw a flow diagram showing the organization of...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 5.1 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 5.2 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 5.2 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 5.2 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 5.3 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 5.3 - Outline the components of the brain from the least...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 5.4 - Prob. 1CYU
Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 5.4 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 5.4 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 5.5 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 5.5 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 5.5 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 5.6 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 5.6 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 5.6 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 5.7 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 5.7 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 5.7 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 5.7 - Prob. 4CYUCh. 5.8 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 5.8 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 5.9 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 5.9 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 5.9 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 5.10 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 5.10 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 5 - Prob. 1RECh. 5 - In emergencies when O2 supplies are low, the brain...Ch. 5 - Stellate cells initially process sensory input to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4RECh. 5 - Prob. 5RECh. 5 - Prob. 6RECh. 5 - Prob. 7RECh. 5 - Prob. 8RECh. 5 - Prob. 9RECh. 5 - Prob. 10RECh. 5 - Prob. 11RECh. 5 - Prob. 12RECh. 5 - Prob. 13RECh. 5 - Discuss the function of each of the following:...Ch. 5 - Prob. 2UCCh. 5 - Prob. 3UCCh. 5 - Prob. 4UCCh. 5 - Prob. 5UCCh. 5 - Prob. 6UCCh. 5 - Prob. 7UCCh. 5 - Prob. 8UCCh. 5 - Prob. 9UCCh. 5 - Prob. 10UCCh. 5 - Prob. 11UCCh. 5 - Prob. 12UCCh. 5 - Prob. 13UCCh. 5 - Prob. 14UCCh. 5 - Distinguish between a monosynaptic and a...Ch. 5 - Julio D., who had recently retired, was enjoying...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1TAHLCh. 5 - Prob. 2TAHLCh. 5 - The hormone insulin enhances the carrier-mediated...Ch. 5 - Prob. 4TAHLCh. 5 - Under what circumstances might it be inadvisable...
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- A presynaptic neuron in the cerebrum transmits information to hundreds of other neurons. This process is an example of (a) convergence (b) divergence (c) temporal summation (d) spatial summation (e) a graded potentialarrow_forwardJulio D., who had recently retired, was enjoying an afternoon of playing golf when suddenly he experienced a severe headache and dizziness. These symptoms were quickly followed by numbness and partial paralysis on the tipper right side of his body, accompanied by an inability to speak. After being rushed to the emergency room, Julio was diagnosed as having suffered a stroke. Given the observed neurological impairment, what areas of his brain were affected?arrow_forwardWatch the video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/2brains) titled The Man With Two Brains to see the neuroscientist Michael Gazzaniga introduce a patient he has worked with for years who has had his corpus callosum cut, separating his two cerebral hemispheres. A few tests are run to demonstrate how this manifests in tests of cerebral function. Unlike normal people, this patient can perform two independent tasks at the same time because the lines of communication between the right and left sides of his brain have been removed. Whereas a person with an intact corpus callosum cannot overcome the dominance of one hemisphere over the other, this patient can. If the left cerebral hemisphere is dominant in the majority of people, why would right-handedness be most common?arrow_forward
- Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that disrupts neural activities and causes recurrent seizures. About 70% of people with epilepsy can be treated with medication to prevent seizures from occurring. If medication does not work, surgery is an option for some patients. One of the procedures involves cutting the brain so that the seizures cannot be spread to other parts of the brain. A common goal of the surgical procedure to treat epileptic seizures is to reduce the connection between the two hemispheres of the brain. By cutting through this structure, an epileptic seizure occurring on one side of the brain will not be spread to the other side. Identify the structure that connects the two hemispheres of the brain.arrow_forwardCan you tell the reason for the following Despite left hemisphere being dominant, majority of people are right handed? Asap and briefarrow_forwardIn the past, one treatment for severe epilepsy was to cut thecorpus callosum, thus confining epileptic seizures to just onecerebral hemisphere. How would cutting the corpus callosumaffect communication between the left and right hemispheres?arrow_forward
- Neurologists have noticed that patients with lesions (damage) at the junction of the midbrain and diencephalon of the forebrain had trouble arousing themselves from sleep. In other patients, lesions inthe lateral hypothalamic area produce severe sleepiness, even coma. Identify the brain system impaired by these lesions and explain how these effects could be produced.arrow_forwardBased on the attached figure (Fig. 18.7B in the textbook), what would an increase in activation of D1 receptor-expressing spiny neurons in the striatum cause in downstream basal ganglia structures? Direct and indirect pathways Substantia D1 nigra pars D2 compacta (transient) Frontal cortex Cerebral cortex (transient) + (transient) + (transient) Caudate/putamen VA/VL complex of thalamus (transient) (transient) Globus pallidus, Globus pallidus, external segment internal segment 0 (tonic) (tonic) + (transient) Subthalamic nucleus OA. decreased activity in the globus pallidus external segment (GPe B. decreased activity in the cortex C. increased activity in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) D. decreased activity in the thalamus E. decreased activity in the globus pallidus internal segment (GPI) Parafascicular nucleusarrow_forwardThe limbic system is composed of several interconnected structures including the olfactory bulbs, amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, subcallosal gyrus, septal nuclei, mammillary bodies, and the thalamus. Pair each of these structures with their function listed below: -This limbic area is active when you are trying to memorize the names of brain areas. It is also severely atrophied in people suffering from late stages of Alzheimer’s Disease. -This limbic area is active when you are watching something that makes you feel sad. -This limbic area is active when you feel thirsty. -When the activity of this limbic area is increased you feel a sense of pleasure. -When this limbic area is damaged it often results in patients experiencing anterograde amnesia. -Damage to this limbic structure while rare often results in patients going into a coma. -This cortical limbic structure plays a large role in motivation and movement and has recently been…arrow_forward
- Limbic System, Emotion, Reward, and Addiction List the effects of amygdala lesions at the introduction level (Introduction to Neuroscience College Level). Provide many of your own digital or handwritten diagrams to complement your explanation.arrow_forwardIs the hippocampus necessary for all types of memory? (Hint: At first, it migl V[Choose ] Single-Cell Neurophysiology Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) Lesion Studies appear that there are 2 methods that could be used to address this question. The important distinction is that the hippocampus is a deep structure, and one of the two methods will not be abl Electroencephalography (EEG) Magnetoencephalography (MEG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI) Electrocorticography (ECOG) to reach this deep structure.) How does the firing rate of neurons in the hippocampus change, depending ol whether the animal is placed in a familiar or a new environment? Which part(s) of the brain show [ Choose ] decreased gray matter volume in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to healthy, age-matched controls? Is activity in the right Superior Parietal Cortex necessary to tap to a musical…arrow_forwardDescribe evidence showing that the hippocampus is involved in the consolidation of short-termmemory. After long-term memory is established, why may there be no need for hippocampal involvement?arrow_forward
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