Concept explainers
Hydrogen peroxide is used as a cleansing agent in the treatment of cuts and abrasions for several reasons. It is an oxidizing agent that can directly kill many microorganisms; it decomposes on contact with blood, releasing elemental oxygen gas (which inhibits the growth of anaerobic microorganisms); and it foams on contact with blood, which provides a cleansing action. In the laboratory, small quantities of hydrogen peroxide can be prepared by the action of an acid on an alkaline earth metal peroxide, such as barium peroxide:
What mass of hydrogen peroxide should result when 1.50 g barium peroxide is treated with 25.0 mL hydrochloric acid solution containing 0.0272 g HCI per mL? What mass of which reagent is left unreacted?
Interpretation: The amount of hydrogen peroxide that can be produced by the given chemical reaction is to be calculated. The mass of the unreacted reagent is to be calculated.
Concept introduction: The mass of a substance can be obtained by using the number of moles of the substance present and its molar mass. The formula used to calculate the mass of a given substance is,
To determine: The mass of hydrogen peroxide that can be produced by the given chemical reaction and the mass of the unreacted reagent.
Answer to Problem 119E
The amount of hydrogen peroxide that can be produced is
Explanation of Solution
To determine: The mass of hydrogen peroxide that can be produced by the given chemical reaction
Given
The stated chemical reaction is,
The given mass of
The given volume of
The solution contains
The molar mass of
Formula
The number of moles of a substance is calculated by the formula,
Substitute the value of the given mass and the molar mass of
The solution contains
Therefore, the mass of
The molar mass of
According to the stated reaction,
The moles of
Therefore, some amount of
Barium oxide
According to the stated reaction,
Molar mass of
The mass of a substance is calculated by the formula,
Substitute the value of the number of moles of
To determine: The unreacted amount of the starting material.
Given
The stated chemical reaction is,
The given mass of
The given volume of
The solution contains
The molar mass of
Formula
The number of moles of a substance is calculated by the formula,
Substitute the value of the given mass and the molar mass of
According to the stated reaction,
The moles of
Therefore, some amount of
The moles of
Substitute the values of the given moles of
Molar mass of
The mass of a substance is calculated by the formula,
Substitute the value of the number of moles of
The amount of hydrogen peroxide that can be produced is
The unreacted reagent is
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
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