Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 46, Problem 6TYU
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The process of gas exchange that occurs between an organism and its environment is known as respiration. For
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All human systems have the concept involving the flow of a molecule through system structures.
(a) Using a flowchart (word, with > symbols), illustrate the path of air during exhalation.
(b) Describe the muscular action of the diaphragm during exhalation.
I forgot explain and tell me why
Make notes
1. Which is the major chemical that controls normal breathing?
2. What central nervous-system neurons produce increased depth but decrease
frequency breathing in a person during voluntary action?
3. How do the blood pH and the CO2 change during heavy exercise?
4. Describe the neural factors involved in increasing ventilation during exercise.
5. Why is high oxygen therapy for chronic pulmonary conditions not
recommended?
6. How does the chemoreceptor produce a release of "neurotransmitter" onto
the afferent nerve that inputs to the respiratory center?
equation.
Droduct Property
ess Your Learning
Direction: Write the capital letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following statements about the human respiratory system is
NOT TRUE?
A. when we breathe in, air travels from the pharynx to the trachea
B. the bronchioles branch into bronchi
C. Alveolar ducts connect to the alveolar sacs
D. gas exchange between the lungs and the blood takes place in the
alveolus
2. Which of the following statements about the circulatory system is NOT
TRUE?
A. blood in the pulmonary vein is deoxygenated
B. blood in the inferior vena cava is deoxygenated
C. blood in the pulmonary artery is deoxygenated
D blood in the gorto in ouganntod
Chapter 46 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 46.1 - Compare the advantages and disadvantages of air...Ch. 46.1 - What are some advantages of gas exchange in air...Ch. 46.2 - Describe the following adaptations for gas...Ch. 46.2 - Why are specialized respiratory structures...Ch. 46.2 - How does gas exchange differ among the following...Ch. 46.2 - How does the countercurrent exchange system...Ch. 46.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 46.3 - Prob. 4LOCh. 46.3 - Prob. 5LOCh. 46.3 - Describe the regulation of breathing in humans and...
Ch. 46.3 - What is the sequence of inhaled airflow through...Ch. 46.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 46.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 46.3 - Prob. 4CCh. 46.4 - Prob. 7LOCh. 46.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 46.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 46 - Test Your Understanding 1. Which of the following...Ch. 46 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 46 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 46 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 46 - Test Your Understanding 5. Which sequence most...Ch. 46 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 46 - Test Your Understanding 7. According to Ficks law...Ch. 46 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 46 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 46 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 46 - Test Your Understanding 11. VISUALIZE Draw and...Ch. 46 - Test Your Understanding 12. EVOLUTION LINK What...Ch. 46 - Test Your Understanding 13. INTEREPT DATA Look at...Ch. 46 - Test Your Understanding 14. PREDICT What problems...Ch. 46 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 46 - EVOLUTION LINK Aquatic mammals such as whales and...Ch. 46 - Prob. 17TYU
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- Test Your Understanding 12. EVOLUTION LINK What are the advantages of having millions of alveoli rather than a pair of simple, balloonlike lungs?arrow_forwardThe most efficient vertebrate respiratory system is that of (a) amphibians (b) birds (c) reptiles (d) mammals (e) humansarrow_forwardHelp Save & Exit Andrew has lived his whole life in San Diego, CA at sea level. One summer in college he gets a job as a field biologist in the Colorado Rockies (elevation 7500 ft. above sea level). The first week he is in Colorado he experiences altitude sickness from the change in atmosphere. Altitude sickness is characterized by fatigue and shortness of breath as a result of the thinner air which contains less oxygen. a. How does Andrew's fatigue and shortness of breath relate to the cellular respiration pathway? be. b. What would you expect to find if you test the level of lactic acid in Andrew's blood? Explain your answer. .9 C. A couple weeks later, Andrew is feeling better but he noticed that his appetite has increased. Explain why this might be.arrow_forward
- 10. What changes occur after exercise training leading to increased pulmonary diffusion? increased perfusion due to pulmonary blood flow increased respiratory membrane thickness increase alveoli increased capillary density in lungsarrow_forwardThe amount of air moved in and out of the lungs with each normal resting breath is the (a) vital capacity (b) residual volume (c) vital volume (d) partial pressure (e) tidal volumearrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 11. VISUALIZE Draw and label a diagram illustrating the sequence of structures through which inhaled air travels to reach the alveoli.arrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding 5. Which sequence most accurately describes the flow of air in the human respiratory system? 1. pharynx 2. bronchus 3. trachea 4. larynx 5. alveolus 6. Bronchiole (a) 4, 1, 3, 2, 5, 6 (b) 1,4, 3, 2, 5, 6 (c) 4, 1,3, 2, 6, 5 (d) 1, 4, 3, 2, 6, 5 (e) 1, 3, 4, 2, 6, 5arrow_forwardThe inspiratory reserve volume measures the ___________ . amount of air remaining in the lung after a maximal exhalation amount of air that the lung holds amount of air that can be further exhaled after a normal breath amount of air that can be further inhaled after a normal breatharrow_forwardHow would paralysis of the diaphragm alter inspiration? It would prevent contraction of the intercostal muscles It would prevent inhalation because the intrapleural pressure would not change It would decrease the intrapleural pressure and allow more air to enter the lungs It would slow expiration because the lung would not relax.arrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding 13. INTEREPT DATA Look at Figure 46-10b. How would strenuous muscle activity affect the oxygenhemoglobin dissociation curve? (Hint: How does muscular activity affect pH? See Chapter 40 if you need to review this concept.) Figure 46-10 Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curvesarrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 1. Which of the following is a benefit of gas exchange in air compared with gas exchange in water? (a) air has a higher concentration of molecular oxygen (b) oxygen diffuses more slowly in air (c) no energy is required for ventilation (d) moist respiratory surface is not needed (e) air is denser than waterarrow_forwardThe respiratory system. provides body tissues with oxygen provides body tissues with oxygen and carbon dioxide establishes how many breaths are taken per minute provides the body with carbon dioxidearrow_forward
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