BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 45, Problem 6A
If a drug inhibits the release of ACh, what will happen?
a. Somatic motor neurons will fail to activate.
b. Somatic motor neuron impulses will not lead to muscle fiber contraction.
c. Myosin molecules will fail to release ADP.
d. An influx of sodium ions will lead to muscle cell membrane depolarization.
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The action potential of skeletal muscle
A. is not essential for contraction.
B. is longer than the action potential of cardiac muscle.
C. has a prolonged plateau phase.
D. causes the immediate uptake of calcium ions into the lateral sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
E. spreads inward to all parts of the muscle via the T tubules.
Botulism toxin inhibits the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junctions. What effect does this have on the muscle activity? a. Muscles will contract continuously. b. Muscles will contract sporadically, without conscious control. c. Muscles will not contract because they will not receive nerve stimulation. d. There will be no effect on muscle activity
Which of the following is true?
A. Muscle fibers either will contract with all the force possible under existing conditions or will not contract at all.
B. Skeletal muscles can contract with varying degrees of strength given different circumstances.
C. Muscle length does not have an effect on contractile strength.
D. Metabolic condition of the myocyte does not have an effect on contractile strength.
Chapter 45 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 45.1 - Compare hydrostatic skeletons, exoskeletons, and...Ch. 45.1 - Explain how animals with hydrostatic skeletons...Ch. 45.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 45.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 45.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 45.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 45.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 45.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 45.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 45.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 45.5 - Describe how friction and gravity affect...Ch. 45.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 45 - Prob. 1IQCh. 45 - Exoskeletons and endoskeletons differ in that a....Ch. 45 - Worms use a hydrostatic skeleton to generate...Ch. 45 - Bone develops by one of two mechanisms depending...Ch. 45 - Which of the following statements best describes...Ch. 45 - Motor neurons stimulate muscle contraction via the...Ch. 45 - Prob. 6UCh. 45 - If you wanted to study the use of ATP during a...Ch. 45 - Place the following events in the correct order....Ch. 45 - You take X-rays of two individuals. Ray has been a...Ch. 45 - You have identified a calcium storage disease in...Ch. 45 - How do the muscles move your hand through space?...Ch. 45 - How can osteocytes remain alive within bone? a....Ch. 45 - Swimming underwater using forelimbs for propulsion...Ch. 45 - If a drug inhibits the release of ACh, what will...Ch. 45 - Prob. 1SCh. 45 - Prob. 2SCh. 45 - The nerve gas methylphosphonofluoridic acid...Ch. 45 - If natural selection favors the evolution of wings...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A bacterial toxin is known to block the release of ACh at the motor end plate of skeletal muscle. Consequently, a. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing force. b. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing frequency. c. the ability to stimulate the muscle is impaired. d. other neurotransmitters would stimulate the muscle.arrow_forwardWhen a muscle fiber is stretched from 60% of its optimal length to Lo, what change or changes are happening on the cellular level (MULTIPLE SELECT)? A. Increased calcium release from the SR B. Increased firing of action potentials from the alpha motor neuron C. Increased rate of myosin ATPase activity D. Increased number of actin-myosin bridges E. Increased stretch on titin, producing more passive forcearrow_forwardThe contractile response in skeletal muscle A. produces more work when the muscle contracts isometrically than the muscle contracts isotonically. B. does not last as long as the action potential. C. produces more tension when the muscle contracts isometrically than when the muscle contracts isotonically. D. starts after the action potential is over. E. decreases in magnitude with repeated stimulation.arrow_forward
- Which of the following describes a similarity between cardiac and smooth muscle cells?a. An action potential always precedes contraction.b. The majority of the Ca21 that activates contraction comes from theextracellular fluid.c. Action potentials are generated by slow waves.d. An extensive system of T-tubules is present.e. Ca21 release and contraction strengths are gradedarrow_forwardWhen blood vessels narrow, they help increase blood pressure. Thinking only about smooth muscle in the arms, you know that Select one: a. Epinephrine decreases calcium levels in arm smooth muscle b. Epinephrine increases calcium levels in arm smooth muscle c. Acetylcholine increases calcium levels in arm smooth muscle d. Acetylcholine decreases calcium levels in arm smooth musclearrow_forwardPut the following skeletal muscle contraction events in the order that they occur: a. The myosin head swivels toward the center of the sarcomere. b. Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and bind to troponin. c. An action potential is propagated along the sarcolemma and transverse tubules. d. Myosin binds to actin, forming crossbridges. e. Myosin heads bind ATP molecules and release from actin. f. Tropomyosin molecules are moved off active sites on actin. g. ATPase splits ATP, providing the energy to reset the myosin head.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements best describes the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction? a. Actin and myosin filaments do not shorten, but rather, slide past each other. b. Actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide past each other. c. As they slide past each other, actin filaments shorten, but myosin filaments do not shorten. d. As they slide past each other, myosin filaments shorten, but actin filaments do not shorten.arrow_forwardWhat happens at a neuromuscular junction?a. An electrical impulse causes the release of a chemical.b. Acetylcholine is released by the muscle cell.c. Acetylcholinesterase is released from the nerve cell.d. A neurotransmitter is released.e. Acetylcholine fits into receptors on the muscle cell.arrow_forwardThe muscle relaxes if no new nerve signal arrives. However the neurotransmitter from the previous stimulation is still present in the synapse. The activity of ________ helps to remove this neurotransmitter. a. myosin b. action potential c. tropomyosin d. acetylcholinesterasearrow_forward
- What might happen if skeletal muscle lacked tropomyosin? A. The striation pattern would disappear. B. Ca2+ levels in the muscle would decrease. C. Actin and myosin would not be able to form cross-bridges. D. Acetylcholine would not be released into the synaptic cleft. E. Myosin and actin would form cross-bridges whenever ATP is available.arrow_forwardWhich of the following sentences is NOT correct? A. White fibers make up fast-twitch muscle B. Muscle spindle is a type of receptor that detects muscle length C. Exocrine gland secretes its product directly into the bloodstream D. When an action potential is generated within a motor neuron, every muscle cell of the motor unit is stimulated to contractarrow_forwardWhat do skeletal muscle contractions share in common with smooth muscle contractions?a. Both types of contractions do not require calcium ions for a contraction to occur.b. Both types of contractions generate little force or a weak force.c. Both types of contractions consume very little ATP.d. Both types of contractions result from thick and thin filaments sliding past one another.arrow_forward
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