Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 42, Problem 8TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The axon is a part of the neuron. It is the elongated fiber protruding out of the cell body in the neuron. The axon is involved in sending signals to the other neurons. It is covered or surrounded by the myelin sheath.
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The rate of information transmission from the central nervous system (CNS) to an effector organ
will be slowed by...
A. increasing the diameter of the axons
B. increasing the number of nerve cells between the CNS and the effector organ
C. adding a myelin sheath to the axons
D. increasing the distance between the nodes of Ranvier
E. None of the above
The transmission of action potentials down a myelinated axon is faster but "saltatory" because of which of the following?
A.
the passive transmission of action potentials is faster but degrades the action potential
B.
voltage-gated sodium channels are only found in the Nodes of Ranvier
C.
active transmission of action potentials does not degrade the action potential but is slow
D.
A and C are correct
E.
all of the above are correct
Action potential conduction velocity is more rapid in a myelinated axon than an unmyelinated one because in a myelinated axon:
a.
the action potential travels as a continuous wave.
b.
there is a decrease in membrane resistance.
c.
the action potential jumps along the axon.
d.
there is an increase in membrane capacitance.
e.
there is an increase in the ion gradients.
Chapter 42 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.2 - Prob. 1CSCh. 42.3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 42.3 - Prob. 2CSCh. 42.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.4 - What key prior observation led Loewi to develop...Ch. 42.4 - CoreSKILL The results of Loewis experiment...Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 3EQCh. 42 - Prob. 1TY
Ch. 42 - Prob. 2TYCh. 42 - The myelin sheath a. is produced by neurons in the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 4TYCh. 42 - Prob. 5TYCh. 42 - Which of the following contribute(s) to the...Ch. 42 - Prob. 7TYCh. 42 - Prob. 8TYCh. 42 - Prob. 9TYCh. 42 - Prob. 10TYCh. 42 - Prob. 1CQCh. 42 - Prob. 2CQCh. 42 - Prob. 3CQCh. 42 - Describe the difference between an electrical...Ch. 42 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Using cable theory to describe axon conduction would tell us a. the larger the diameter of the axon the faster the propagation of the action potential b. the larger the diameter of the axon the slower the propagation of the action potential c. the smaller the diameter of the axon the faster the propagation of the action potential d. that having big axons is of no benefit and only takes up a lot of space e. the nervous system mainly has small axons because they are much faster than large onesarrow_forwardAction potentials are normally initiated at the axon hillock because a. there is a particularly high density of voltage-gated sodium channels there. b. threshold potential is lower there than at other sites along the plasma membrane. c. activation of sodium channels at the axon hillock results in a particularly strong inward current and consequent depolarization. d. all of these. e. none of these.arrow_forwardWhen the action potential begins, Na+ gates open, allowing Na+ to cross the membrane. The charge difference across the axon membrane changes to a.negative outside and positive inside. b.positive outside and negative inside. c.neutral outside and positive inside. d.There is no difference in charge between outside and inside.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is true about the conduction of action potentials? a. Thicker axons are faster because there is more surface area on thicker axons. b. Myelin speeds conduction because the glial cells add voltage gated Na+ channels to the neuron. c. Diffusion of Na+ ions between the Nodes of Ranvier happens faster than the wave of opening and closing membrane proteins can travel. d. Neurons that don’t have myelin sheaths undergo saltatory conduction e. Action potentials move slowly.arrow_forwardWhen an impulse passes from one neuron to the next, it a. passes from axon to cell body to dendrite. b. passes from axon to dendrite. c. can bypass the cell bodies of both. d. is passed directly from dendrite to axon.arrow_forwardThe two primary factors that influence the speed of an action potential propagation are axon diameter and a. myelination. b. the type of associated glial cell(s). c. concentration of K+ in the cell. d. the length of the axon.arrow_forward
- 32) In order for a nerve impulse to be transmitted across a synapse, a neurotransmitter must be released froma. an axon terminal.b. a dendrite.c. a soma.d. an axon hillock. 33) What part of a neuron is responsible for receiving information?a. Axon.b. Node of Ranvier. c. Dendrite.d. Myelin sheath.arrow_forwardWhich of the following would increase the speed of a nerve impulse along an axon?A. Decreasing the spacing between the nodes of the axonB. Decreasing the resistance between nodesC. Decreasing the thickness of the myelin sheathD. Increasing the resting potential of the axonarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT an example of communication that happens from one neuron to another neuron? A. Endocrine signaling (ex. hormones secreted into the blood stream travel and bind to receptors on dstant cells). B. Retrograde neurotransmission (ex.the dendrite releases a neuroactive substance that binds to receptors on the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron). C. Electrical communication via propagation of action potential from one node of ranvier to the next node of ranvier. D. Volume transmission (ex. neuropeptides diffuse away from the synapse and bind to receptors on adjacent cells) E. Electrical communication through gap junctions.arrow_forward
- Which of the following primarily reflects the opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels? A. The resting membrane potential B. The depolarization phase of the action potential C. The threshold potential D. The repolarization phase of the action potential E. All of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the intensity of a nerve response is true? a. A stimulus reaching the threshold level may or may not propagate a nerve impulse. b. A stimulus resulting in a greater voltage shift will result in a stronger nerve impulse and increased sense of perception in the brain. c. All stimuli, regardless of the strength, will always generate a nerve impulse. d. A small voltage shift and a large voltage shift will yield the same nerve impulse as long as the stimulus reaches the threshold level.arrow_forwardWhich one is correct about the AP conduction velocity of nerve fiber A. Increase of the temperature within physiological limit will increase the conduction velocity. B. The fiber with big diameter always conducts faster. C. The increase of extracellular K+ will increase the conduction velocity D. Myelination of nerve fiber always decreases the conduction velocity. E. Anesthesia do not influence the conduction velocity.arrow_forward
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