Chapter 4, Problem P22P

Program Plan Intro

Internet Protocol (IP):

Internet protocol is a process or protocol in which data is transferred between the computer systems through internet. Each computer system has its own IP address to send or receive the required data.

Datagram:

• In networking, a datagram is a transferring unit which is used to transfer the data from a source to the destination and it doesn’t provide guaranteed service.
• It includes fragmentation process which is defined as the division of the data packet into small one when the data packets are larger than the maximum length of a particular system.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP):

• TCP is an internet protocol used for exchanging of data between the sender and the receiver. It is a secured protocol for transferring the data.
• When the sender sends data to the receiver, he/she waits for the acknowledgement from the receiver.
• If acknowledgement is received then the next data packet will be sent and the process continues till all the data packets are sent.
• If acknowledgement is not received then the receiver is assumed as hacker or intruder and the connection will be removed.

User Datagram Protocol (UDP):

• User datagram protocol is a connectionless protocol.
• The protocols used in UDP cannot establish the connection for data communication.
• It is one of the communication protocol suites used for transferring small messages termed as datagram.
• Alternative for TCP is UDP, but the data transfer speed of UDP is higher than TCP because there is no acknowledgment and error-checking.
• Checksum and port number are the two services provided by the UDP.
• There is no guarantee for data delivery and duplication of data.
• It doesn’t provide a reliable service.