Inquiry into Physics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337515863
Author: Ostdiek
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 4, Problem 7C
To determine
To explain:
Scuba divers take their own supply of air rather than using hose.
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Snorkelers breathe through short tubular "snorkels"
while swimming under water very near the surface.
One end of the snorkel attaches to the snorkeler's
mouth while the other end protrudes above the
water's surface. Unfortunately, snorkels cannot
support breathing to any great depth: it is said that
a typical snorkeler below a water depth of only
about 30 cm cannot draw a breath through a
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Part A
Based on this claim, what is the approximate fractional change in a typical person's lung volume when drawing a breath?
Assume,
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Express your answer using two significant figures.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Inquiry into Physics
Ch. 4 - Prob. 1LACh. 4 - Fill in the blanks of this little story with the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1LTACh. 4 - Prob. 2LTACh. 4 - Prob. 1PIPCh. 4 - Prob. 2PIPCh. 4 - 1. In Section 4.1 in the description of matter,...Ch. 4 - Review Section 4.3 carefully. Based on your...Ch. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...
Ch. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4QCh. 4 - Prob. 5QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 9QCh. 4 - Prob. 10QCh. 4 - Prob. 11QCh. 4 - Prob. 12QCh. 4 - Prob. 13QCh. 4 - Prob. 14QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 16QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 18QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 20QCh. 4 - Prob. 21QCh. 4 - Prob. 22QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 24QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 26QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 29QCh. 4 - Prob. 30QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 32QCh. 4 - Prob. 33QCh. 4 - Prob. 34QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 38QCh. 4 - Prob. 39QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 41QCh. 4 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 4 - Prob. 1PCh. 4 - Prob. 2PCh. 4 - Prob. 3PCh. 4 - The water in the plumbing in a house is at a gauge...Ch. 4 - A box-shaped metal can has dimensions 8 in. by 4...Ch. 4 - A viewing window on the side of a large tank at a...Ch. 4 - A large chunk of metal has a mass of 393 kg, and...Ch. 4 - A small statue is recovered in an archaeological...Ch. 4 - A large tanker truck can carry 20 tons (40.000 lb)...Ch. 4 - . The total mass of the hydrogen gas in the...Ch. 4 - . A large balloon used to sample the upper...Ch. 4 - . A certain part of an aircraft engine has a...Ch. 4 - . The volume of the Drop Tower "Bremen" (a...Ch. 4 - . It is determined by immersing a crown in water...Ch. 4 - . Find the gauge pressure at the bottom of a...Ch. 4 - . The depth of the Pacific Ocean in the Mariana...Ch. 4 - . Calculate the gauge pressure at a depth of 300 m...Ch. 4 - . A storage tank 30 m high is filled with...Ch. 4 - . The highest point in North America is the top of...Ch. 4 - . The highest altitude ever reached by a glider...Ch. 4 - . An ebony log with volume 12 ft3 is submerged in...Ch. 4 - . An empty storage tank has a volume of 1,500 ft3....Ch. 4 - . A blimp used for aerial camera views of sporting...Ch. 4 - . A modern-day zeppelin holds 8,000 m3 of helium....Ch. 4 - . A box-shaped piece of concrete measures 3 ft by...Ch. 4 - . A juniper-wood plank measuring 0.25 ft by 1 ft...Ch. 4 - Prob. 27PCh. 4 - . A boat (with a flat bottom) and its cargo weigh...Ch. 4 - . A scale reads 100 N when a piece of aluminum is...Ch. 4 - . A rectangular block of ice with dimensions 2 m...Ch. 4 - . A dentist's chair with a person in it weighs...Ch. 4 - . A booster pump on a brake system designed to be...Ch. 4 - . The wing of an airplane has an average...Ch. 4 - , The volume flow rate m an artery that supplies...Ch. 4 - . Air flows through a heating duct with a square...Ch. 4 - When exactly 1 cup of sugar is dissolved in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2CCh. 4 - Prob. 3CCh. 4 - Prob. 4CCh. 4 - Prob. 5CCh. 4 - Prob. 6CCh. 4 - Prob. 7CCh. 4 - Prob. 8CCh. 4 - Prob. 9CCh. 4 - Prob. 10CCh. 4 - Prob. 11CCh. 4 - Prob. 12CCh. 4 - Prob. 13CCh. 4 - , Water flows straight down from an open faucet...Ch. 4 - Prob. 15C
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- An airplane is cruising al altitude 10 km. The pressure outside the craft is 0.287 atm; within the passenger compartment, the pressure is 1.00 atm and the temperature is 20C. A small leak occurs in one of the window seals in the passenger compartment. Model the air as an ideal fluid to estimate the speed of the airstream flowing through the leak.arrow_forwardThe average human has a density of 945 kg/m3 after in haling and 1 020 kg/m3 after exhaling. (a) Without making any swimming movements, what percentage of the human body would be above the surface in the Dead Sea (a body of water with a density of about 1 230 kg/m3) in each of these cases? (b) Given that bone and muscle are denser than fat, what physical characteristics differentiate sinkers (those who tend to sink in water) from floaters (those who readily float)?arrow_forwardDuring forced exhalation, such as when blowing up a balloon, the diaphragm and chest muscles create a pressure of 60.0 mm Hg between the lungs and chest wall. What force in newtons does this pressure create on the 600 cm2 surface area of the diaphragm?arrow_forward
- A liquid with a coefficient of volume expansion just fills a spherical shell of volume V (Fig. P16.53). The shell and the open capillary of area A projecting from the top of the sphere are made of a material with an average coefficient of linear expansion . The liquid is free to expand into the capillary. Assuming the temperature increases by T, find the distance h the liquid rises in the capillary.arrow_forwardAn airplane is cruising at altitude 10 km. The pressure outside the craft is 0.287 atm; within the passenger compartment, the pressure is 1.00 atm and the temperature is 20C. A small leak occurs in one of the window seals in the passenger compartment. Model the air as an ideal fluid to estimate the speed of the airstream flowing through the leak.arrow_forwardA backyard swimming pool with a circular base of diameter 6.00 m is filled to depth 1.50 m. (a) Find the absolute pressure at the bottom of the pool. (b) Two persons with combined mass 150 kg enter the pool and float quietly there. No water overflows. Find the pressure increase at the bottom of the pool after they enter the pool and float.arrow_forward
- Consider the piston cylinder apparatus shown in Figure P20.81. The bottom of the cylinder contains 2.00 kg of water at just under 100.0c. The cylinder has a radius of r = 7.50 cm. The piston of mass m = 3.00 kg sits on the surface of the water. An electric heater in the cylinder base transfers energy into the water at a rate of 100 W. Assume the cylinder is much taller than shown in the figure, so we dont need to be concerned about the piston reaching the top of the cylinder. (a) Once the water begins boiling, how fast is the piston rising? Model the steam as an ideal gas. (b) After the water has completely turned to steam and the heater continues to transfer energy to the steam at the same rate, how fast is the piston rising?arrow_forwardA vertical cylinder of cross-sectional area A is fitted with a tight-fitting, frictionless piston of mass m (Fig. P18.40). The piston is not restricted in its motion in any way and is supported by the gas at pressure P below it. Atmospheric pressure is P0. We wish to find the height h in Figure P18.40. (a) What analysis model is appropriate to describe the piston? (b) Write an appropriate force equation for the piston from this analysis model in terms of P, P0, m, A, and g. (c) Suppose n moles of an ideal gas are in the cylinder at a temperature of T. Substitute for P in your answer to part (b) to find the height h of the piston above the bottom of the cylinder. Figure P18.40arrow_forwardConsidering the magnitude of typical arterial blood pressures, why are mercury rather than water manometers used for these measurements?arrow_forward
- Refer to Problem 16 and Figure P14.16. A hydrometer is to be constructed with a cylindrical floating rod. Nine fiduciary marks are to be placed along the rod to indicate densities of 0.98 g/cm3, 1.00 g/cm3, 1.02 g/cm3, 1.01 g/cm3, 1.14 g/cm3. The row of marks is to start 0.200 cm from the top end of the rod and end 1.80 cm from the top end. (a) What is the required length of the rod? (b) What must be its average density? (c) Should the marks be equally spaced? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardA liquid with a coefficient of volume expansion just fills a spherical shell of volume V(Fig. P19.51). The shell and the open capillary of area A projecting from the top of the sphere are made of a material with an average coefficient of linear expansion . The liquid is free to expand into the capillary. Assuming the temperature increases by T find the distance h the liquid rises in the capillary.arrow_forwardWater supplied to a house by a water main has a pressure of 3.00105N/m2 early on a summer day when neighborhood use is low. This pressure produces a flow of 20.0 L/min through a garden hose. Later in the day, pressure at the exit of the water main and entrance to the house drops, and a flow of only 8.00 L/min is obtained through the same hose. (a) What pressure is now being supplied to the house, assuming resistance is constant? (b) By what factor did the flow rate be water main increase in order to cause this decrease in delivered pressure? The pressure at the entrance of the water main is 5.00105N/m2 , and the original rate was 200 L/min. (c) How many more users are there, assuming each would consume 20.0 L/min in be morning?arrow_forward
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