Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4, Problem 5RQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: The process, in which one or more molecules react with each other to form new molecules, is known as a reaction. The rate of the reactions can be increased by the enzymes that act as biocatalyst and participate in reactions to lower down its activation energy.
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if we wanted to measure the energy released
by an exothermic reaction (like combustion, acid/base neutralization, and
oxidation) we would do it in a sealed container and monitor the increase in
[1 word]
SITUATION:You are a chemist in a manufacturing company which produces acetaldehyde, CH3CHO. This is prepared by the reaction of ethanol with copper (II) oxide according to the following equation: CH3CH2OH + CuO → CH3CHO + H2O + CuIf there are 1620 g of ethanol and 1020 g of CuO readily available in the laboratory, what mass of acetaldehyde can be produced?
QUESTIONS: 1. Would you recommend the company to buy more ethanol or copper (II) oxide? Why?2. How many grams of acetaldehyde will be produced from the readily available materials?3. How many grams of the excess reactant will be left after the reaction?4. If your actual yield is 552.6 g, what is its percent yield?
Given the following reactions or reaction conditions, determine which are spontaneous.
Choose one or more:
Select one or more answers and submit. For keyboard navigation... SHOW MORE ✓
a
b
с
Multiple answers: Multiple answers are accepted for this question
d
AG°¹ = +12.0 kJ/mol
AG⁰¹ > 0
Keq
= 10000
AH 0
Your answer
Chapter 4 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 4.1 - Which biomolecules always include nitrogen in...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 4.1 - What is the difference between potential energy...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 6CCCh. 4.2 - Prob. 7CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 8CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 9CCCh. 4.3 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 11CCCh. 4.4 - Name five ways in which cells regulate the...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 13CCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 14CCCh. 4.4 - Match each component on the left to the...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 16CCCh. 4.4 - How is the separation of mitochondria into two...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 18CCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 19CCCh. 4.4 - Prob. 20CCCh. 4.4 - What does the name RNA polymerase tell you about...Ch. 4.4 - Explain in one or two sentences the relationship...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 23CCCh. 4.4 - List three general types of posttranslational...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 25CCCh. 4 - List the three basic forms of work and give a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2RQCh. 4 - Prob. 3RQCh. 4 - Prob. 4RQCh. 4 - Prob. 5RQCh. 4 - Prob. 6RQCh. 4 - Match each definition in the left column with the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8RQCh. 4 - Organic molecules that must be present in order...Ch. 4 - In an oxidation-reduction reaction, in which...Ch. 4 - Prob. 11RQCh. 4 - Prob. 12RQCh. 4 - Prob. 13RQCh. 4 - Metabolic regulation in which the last product of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 15RQCh. 4 - Prob. 16RQCh. 4 - Create maps using the following terms.Ch. 4 - Prob. 18RQCh. 4 - Prob. 19RQCh. 4 - Prob. 20RQCh. 4 - Prob. 21RQCh. 4 - Briefly describe the processes of transcription...Ch. 4 - On what molecule does the anticodon appear?...Ch. 4 - Is the energy of ATPs phosphate bond an example of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 25RQCh. 4 - Prob. 26RQCh. 4 - Prob. 27RQCh. 4 - Prob. 28RQ
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- Enzymes are biological catalysts that fulfill the following general reaction mechanism: E+S [ES] [EP] E + P Where E is enzyme, S is substrate, and P is product. Briefly describe how an enzyme is able to speed of the rate of a reaction:arrow_forwardendothermic reactions absorb energy from their surroundings. If chemicals for an endothermic reaction are added to water, the water's temperature drops (the water gets colder! Ever use a first aid "cold pack", where you squeeze a pouch to release chemicals inside and the pouch becomes ice cold? That's an endothermic reaction!) For endothermic reactions, when you use the equation Q = m x C x (delta T), the "Q" is a negative number because the water LOSES energy. The answer is negative because the water temperature drops, the CHANGE registered on the thermometer is negative. Type a negative number to answer this question: if your water starts at 19 degrees Celsius, and a couple of minutes after adding chemicals the water temperature becomes 15 degrees, the value of "delta T" is degrees Celsius. *arrow_forwardWhen you eat starchy foods resulting in a breakdown to give glucose to the body, you have induced a(n): Group of answer choices ion combustion oxidation-reduction reaction oxygen combustion Ion-reduction reactionarrow_forward
- The distribution of Na* ions across a typical biological membrane is 10 mmol/dm3 inside the cell, and 140 mmol/dm³ outside the cell. At equilibrium, the concentrations across the membrane are equal. What is the Gibbs energy difference across the membrane at 37°C? The stated difference in concentration MUST be maintained by coupling to reactions that have at least your calculated difference of Gibbs energy. Ans: 6.8 kJ/molarrow_forwardPlease note the following reaction: A → B In the reaction above, the AG is +42.11 kJ/mol. The reaction is considered exergonic at equilibrium endothermic exothermic endergonicarrow_forwardIn an experiment, identical heat lamps are arranged to shine on two identical containers, one containing water and the other containing, methanol, a nonpolar compound. Each liq- uid absorbed the same amount of energy minute by minute, and the change in tempera- ture over time was recorded for each molecule. The results from the experiment are illus trated in the graph below. A B 40 с temperature (°C) D 25 The heat-related temperature of water and methanol increases over time. methanol Which of the following best explains the results illustrated in the above figure? time (minutes) water 20 Water temperature increases more quickly because part of the supplied heat energy is used to transition the water molecules from a liquid physical state to a gaseous physical state, which does not occur in methanol Water temperature increases more quickly because part of the supplied heat energy is used to break the hydrogen bonds between water molecules, which do not occur be tween methanol…arrow_forward
- One of the best-selling light, or low-calorie, beers is 4.5% alcohol by volume and a 12-oz serving contains 110 Calories; remember 1 Calorie 1000 cal=1 kcal. To estimate the percentage of Calories that comes from the alcohol, consider the following questions. Y Part D How many Calories are released by the metabolism of ethanol, the reaction from Part A? Express your answer in calories to 2 significant figures. | ΑΣΦΑ 4 34 4 ? Calarrow_forwardNaCl (s) -> NaCI (aq) is accompanied by an increase in entropy because [Select] [Select] a solute was dissolved in water, forming a solution the number of products is greater than the number of reactants the phase change from vaporization is towards a higher internal energyarrow_forwardThe following is an example of a _____________________reaction.CH3CH2OH CH2 => CH2 + H2Oarrow_forward
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