BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 4U
Which of the following are differences between bacteria and archaea?
a. The molecular architecture of their cell walls
b. The type of ribosomes found in each
c. Archaea have an internal membrane system that bacteria lack.
d. Both a and b are correct.
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In the domain system of classification, prokaryotes are divided into two domains: Bacteria and Archaea. The two domains differ in all BUT one feature. Which feature do they have in common?
A.
They both thrive in extreme environments.
B.
They both have prokaryotic cells.
C.
They both are able to live only under anaerobic conditions.
D.
They both have identical cell walls.
Members of the mycoplasma genus of bacteria do not have a cell wall for protection, existing with only a simple cell membrane made up of fatty acids and phospholipids. They cannot however, synthesize their own fatty acids. How is this possible?
A. They use host materials
B. They use peptidoglycan from other bacteria
C. They use anabolism as a way to create their outer membrane
D. They use amino acids to build their membranes
The membrane lipids of archaea are most similar to those found in:
a. none of the above
b. chloroplasts
c. mitochondria
d. bacteria
e. eukaryotes
Chapter 4 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 4.1 - Discuss the cell theory.Ch. 4.1 - Describe the factors that limit cell size.Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 3LOCh. 4.2 - Describe the organization of prokaryotic cells.Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 4.4 - Contrast the different functions of internal...
Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 4.5 - Describe the structure of mitochondria and...Ch. 4.5 - Compare the function of mitochondria and...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 4.6 - Contrast the structure and function of different...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 4.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 4.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 4.7 - Prob. 3LOCh. 4.8 - Prob. 1LOCh. 4.8 - Prob. 2LOCh. 4 - Prob. 1IQCh. 4 - Prob. 2IQCh. 4 - Prob. 3IQCh. 4 - Which of the following statements is NOT part of...Ch. 4 - All cells have all of the following except a....Ch. 4 - Eukaryotic cells are more complex than prokaryotic...Ch. 4 - Which of the following are differences between...Ch. 4 - The cytoskeleton includes a. microtubules made of...Ch. 4 - The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is a. involved in...Ch. 4 - Plasmodesmata in plants and gap junctions in...Ch. 4 - The most important factor that limits the size of...Ch. 4 - All eukaryotic cells possess each of the following...Ch. 4 - Adherens junctions, which contain cadherin, are...Ch. 4 - Different motor proteins like kinesin and myosin...Ch. 4 - The protein sorting pathway involves the following...Ch. 4 - Chloroplasts and mitochondria have many common...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7ACh. 4 - The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the site of...Ch. 4 - Use the information provided in table 4.3 to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3SCh. 4 - The protist Giardia intestinalis is the organism...
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- How do Gram-negative bacteria differ from Gram-positivebacteria?a. They are not pathogenic.b. Their peptidoglycan cell wall is thinner.c. Gram-negative bacteria cannot be Gram stained.d. They possess a single plasma membrane.e. Gram-negative bacteria do not photosynthesize.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not found in all bacterial cells?a. cell membrane c. ribosomesb. a nucleoid d. actin cytoskeletonarrow_forwardDescribe how the size of prokaryotic cells compares to that of eukaryotic cells. A. they are about the same size B. prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells C. eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cellsarrow_forward
- Which of the following statement about the bacterial cell wall is INCORRECT? a. The cell wall is relatively nonpermeable and restricts the passage of sugars and amino acids. b. Gram-positive cells have more peptidoglycan in theircell walls than Gram-negative cells. c. Gram-negative cells have a membrane both inside andoutside their cell walls. d. The cell wall establishes a bacterium’s shape as a coccus,bacillus, or spirillum.arrow_forwardCompare the following features of bacteria to those of eukaryotic microorganisms: a. size. b. organization of genetic material. c. ribosomes. d. cell wall. e. respiration and photosynthesis. f. motility mechanisms.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not found in all bacterial and archaeal cells?a. cytoplasmic membrane b. a nucleoid. c.ribosomes d. flagellumarrow_forward
- Which of these do all prokaryotes and eukaryotes share?a. nuclear envelopeb. cell wallsc. organellesd. plasma membranearrow_forwardWhich of the following are not eukaryotic? a. bacteria b. archaea c. protozoa d. both a and barrow_forwardArchaea cells do NOT often have: a. preferences for extreme habitats. b. specifically identifiable ribosomal RNA genes. c. Branched chains in their membrane lipids. d. Ester linkages in their phospholipids. e. Pseudomurein cell wall containing no N-acetylmuramic acid and no D-amino acids. f. circular chromosomes.arrow_forward
- All of the following are characteristics of the bacterial flagellum except: Select one: a. It has a hook-like insertion to a basal body in the cell wall. b. It is composed of protein c. It is used in conjugation d. Counterclockwise rotation moves bacteria forward All the following are characteristics of prokaryotes except: Select one: a. Prokaryotes have cell wall b. Prokaryotes have ribosomes c . Prokaryotes have organelles d. Prokaryotes lack a nucleus e. Prokaryotes have genesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is correct? Please select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Parasitism between bacteria and archaea caused complex interactions that eventually gave rise to eukarya. b. While bacteria are prokaryotes, archaea are neither prokaryotic, nor eukaryotic but classified as a 3rd cell type. c. Prokaryotes are classified further based on whether they are unicellular or multicellular organisms. d. The molecular biologies of archaea and eukarya show a greater proportion of similarities than those of eukarya and bacteria. e. Prokaryotes could not make photosynthesis until chloroplast endosymbiosis evolution. f. The last universal common ancestor most likely had a primitive prokaryotic cell organization. g. Endosymbiosis of chloroplast precedes that of mitochondria.arrow_forwardThis group of prokaryotes are not actually closely related but are grouped together because they are all bacillus-shaped and adapted to low oxygen environments. O A. Archaea O B. Firmicutes O C. Cyanobacteria D. CFB bacteriaarrow_forward
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