(a)
Interpretation:
To determine which element loses electrons and how many electrons are lost per atom in an ionic compound
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valency electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- The valence electrons decide the manner in which an atom forms a bond with another atom.
- The valence electron in an atom decides the combining capacity of the element.
- Except inner
transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements. - For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
(b)
Interpretation:
To determine which element gains electrons and how many electrons are gained per atom in an ionic compound
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valency electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- The valence electrons decide the manner in which an atom forms a bond with another atom.
- The valence electron in an atom decides the combining capacity of the element.
- Except inner transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements.
- For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
(c)
Interpretation:
To determine the identity and charge on positive ions present in an ionic compound
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valency electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- The valence electrons decide the manner in which an atom forms a bond with another atom.
- The valence electron in an atom decides the combining capacity of the element.
- Except inner transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements.
- For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
(d)
Interpretation:
To determine the identity and charge on negative ions present in an ionic compound
Concept Introduction:
The electrons present in the outermost shell of the atom are known as valence electrons.
Valency electrons are important because:
- The valence electrons decide the reactivity of an element.
- The valence electrons decide the manner in which an atom forms a bond with another atom.
- The valence electron in an atom decides the combining capacity of the element.
- Except inner transition elements valence electrons are present in s or p subshells of elements.
- For inner transition elements incompletely filled d or f subshells electrons are considered as valence electrons.
- The group number is similar to number of valence electrons of an atom.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 4 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- What are bus? How are ions formed from atoms? Do isolated atoms form ions spontaneously? To what do the termscationandanionrefer? In terms of subatomic particles, how is an ion related to the atom from which it is formed? Does the nucleus of an atom change when the atom is converted into an ion? How can the periodic table be used to predict what ion an element’s atoms will form?arrow_forwardIs it possible for the same Iwo elements to form more than one compound? Is this consistent with Dalton’s atomic theory? Give an example.arrow_forwardWrite a symbol for each of the following ions: a.A bromine atom that has gained one electron b.A sodium atom that has lost one electron c.A sulfur atom that has gained two electronsarrow_forward
- Name each of the following binary compounds, using the periodic table to determine whether the compound is likely to be ionic (containing a metal and a nonmetal) or nonionic (containing only nonmetals). Fe3P2d.PbCl4 CaBr2e.S2F10 N2O5f.Cu2Oarrow_forwardThe formulasNa2O andN2O look very similar. What is the name for each compound? Why do we use a different naming convention between the two compounds?arrow_forwardThese questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson: From Thomson’s work, which particles do you think he would feel are most important in the formation of compounds (chemical changes) and why? Of the remaining two subatomic particles, which do you place second in importance for forming compounds and why? Come up with three models that explain Thomson’s findings and evaluate them. To be complete you should include Thomson’s findings.arrow_forward
- For each of the following processes that show the format ion of ions, complete the process by indicating the number of electrons that must be gained or lost to form the ion. Indicate the total number of electrons in the ion, and in the atom from which it was made. AlAl3+d.FF SS2e.ZnZn2+ CuCu+f.PP3arrow_forwardWhat is apolyatomicion? Give examples of five common polyatomic ions.arrow_forward
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning