Chapter 4, Problem 4.28P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of solubility of 4-methylphenol in aqueous sodium hydroxide has to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Position of equilibrium in acid-base reaction:

In an acid-base reaction, the position of equilibrium always favors reaction of the stronger acid and stronger base to form the weaker acid and weaker base. Therefore, the major species present at equilibrium in an acid-base reaction are weaker acid and weaker base.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of solubility of 4-methylphenol in sodium bicarbonate has to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Position of equilibrium in acid-base reaction:

In an acid-base reaction, the position of equilibrium always favors reaction of the stronger acid and stronger base to form the weaker acid and weaker base. Therefore, the major species present at equilibrium in an acid-base reaction are weaker acid and weaker base.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possibility of solubility of 4-methylphenol in aqueous sodium carbonate has to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Position of equilibrium in acid-base reaction:

In an acid-base reaction, the position of equilibrium always favors reaction of the stronger acid and stronger base to form the weaker acid and weaker base. Therefore, the major species present at equilibrium in an acid-base reaction are weaker acid and weaker base.