Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function (Standalone Book)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780073403717
Author: Kenneth S. Saladin Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 2TF
Steroids, carbohydrates, and phospholipids are encoded by different types of genes than are proteins.
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Consider Molecule X, which is found in all living cells. Each form of this molecule is keyed to the genetic code for a particular amino acid. When activated, the
amino acid is covalently bonded to one end of this molecule, and it carries the amino acid to a ribosome to take part in protein assembly.
What is the name of X? Your answer should be one word, or a short two- or three-word phrase. Spelling counts.
Note: if there is more than one possible answer, separate each answer with a comma.
0
The following define nucleic acids EXCEPT
A) They are polyionic molecules of high molecular weight composed of subunits or monomers called nucleosides.
B) They are chainlike macromolecules that function in the storage and transfer of genetic information.
C They are polynucleotides.
They contain genes that encode for polypeptides and RNAS.
Which is NOT a true difference between messenger RNA and DNA? (i.e., which of the following statements is false?)
DNA remains in the nucleus (except when the nuclear envelope breaks down during mitosis), whereas mRNA is never in the nucleus; it is always in the cytoplasm.
A DNA molecule has a longer life span than a typical molecule of RNA.
DNA has thousands of genes; mRNA is usually a copy of just one gene.
DNA has thousands of genes; mRNA is usually a copy of just one gene.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function (Standalone Book)
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1BYGOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4BYGOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.1 - Prob. 6AYLO
Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 6BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 4.2 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 4.3 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 17BYGOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 4.4 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 4 - Production of more than one phenotypic trait by a...Ch. 4 - When a ribosome reads a codon on mRNA, it must...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 4 - Two genetically identical strands of a metaphase...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 4 - Genetic transcription is performed by a....Ch. 4 - Prob. 7TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 4 - Semiconservative replication occurs during a....Ch. 4 - Mutagens sometimes cause no harm to cells for all...Ch. 4 - The cytoplasmic division at the end of mitosis is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 13TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 4 - The cytoplasmic granule of RNA and protein that...Ch. 4 - Prob. 19TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 4 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 3BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 4BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 8BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 4 - Prob. 1TFCh. 4 - Steroids, carbohydrates, and phospholipids are...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3TFCh. 4 - Prob. 4TFCh. 4 - Prob. 5TFCh. 4 - The law of complementary base pairing describes...Ch. 4 - Prob. 7TFCh. 4 - Prob. 8TFCh. 4 - Prob. 9TFCh. 4 - Prob. 10TFCh. 4 - Why world the supercoiled, condensed form of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 4 - Given the information in this chapter, present an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4TYCCh. 4 - Prob. 5TYC
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- The link between gene and protein was first articulated by Beadle & Tatum, who proposed the one-gene, one-enzyme hypothesis - which of the following statements contradicts this hypothesis? Sickle-cell anemia results in defective hemoglobin. Two enzymes are able to metabolize the same reaction. Alkaptonuria results when individuals lack a single enzyme involved in the catalysis of homogentisic acid. A mutation in a single gene can result in a defective protein. A single antibody gene can code for different related proteins, depending on the splicing that takes place post-transcriptionally.arrow_forwardA transmembrane protein is positioned such that the N-terminus and C-terminus are directed towards the intracellular space. However, this protein has two small segments exposed to the extracellular space. What is the most likely primary amino acid sequence? O GRRRRWWwwWRRRRRWWwwWRRRRRWWwwWRRRRRWwwwWRRRRG O GwwwwWRRRRRWWWWWRRRRRWWwwWRRRRRWwwwWRRRRRWWWwwG O GRRRRRRRRR wwwwwwwwwG GWwwwwwwwwww RRRRRRRRRRRRRGarrow_forwardWhy are multifunctional proteins necessary and/ordesirable?arrow_forward
- Hemoglobin is a complex protein that contains four polypeptide chains. The normal hemoglobin found in adults—called adult hemoglobin— consists of two alpha and two beta polypeptide chains, which are encoded by different loci. Sickle-cell hemoglobin, which causes sicklecell anemia, arises from a mutation in the beta chain of adult hemoglobin. Adult hemoglobin and sickle-cell hemoglobin differ in a single amino acid: the sixth amino acid from one end in adult hemoglobin is glutamic acid, whereas sickle-cell hemoglobin has valine at this position. After consulting the genetic code provided in Figure 15.10, indicate the type and location of the mutation that gave rise tosickle-cell anemia.arrow_forwardDescribe the relationships between each of the following: DNA, genes, transcription, translation and polypeptide (or protein).arrow_forwardRank the following in order of size: tRNA, DNA, mRNA.arrow_forward
- Which is/are NOT true of protein isoforms? They are related in structure and function. B) They have identical base sequence. (c) they are the result of alternative splicing They have variable amino acid sequencearrow_forwardDefine nucleosides.arrow_forwardDefine the following terms: genetic code, codon, and anticodon. What is the relationship among the bases in DNA, the codons of mRNA, and the anticodons of tRNA?arrow_forward
- Describe the structure and functions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP).arrow_forwardDistinguish between DNA and RNA on the basis of following: a) chemically b) functionally c) by location in the cellarrow_forwardWhat results in the alteration of amino acid sequences during polypeptide formation in protein synthesis? A defective polypeptide may arise because of a change in its amino acid sequence Despite the change in amino acid sequence, the polypeptide formed will always be functional and will never cause a disease. The cell will have no other choice but to revert the faulty polypeptide into amino acids to undo its work. The nucleus, by means of its powerful enzymes, will eventually destroy the damaged protein so that it will not wreak havoc in the cell.arrow_forward
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