EBK INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY
EBK INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260162165
Author: BAUER
Publisher: MCGRAW HILL BOOK COMPANY
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Chapter 4, Problem 143QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether C3H4 and C3H6 have identical percent compositions of carbon by mass and the compound having a low percentage composition by mass is to be indicated.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

C3H4 contains three moles of carbon and four moles of hydrogen. The mass of three moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 3 mol of C=3×12.01 g=36.03 g

The mass of four moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 4 mol of H=4×1.008 g=4.032 g

Thus, the total mass of C3H4 is 40.062 g .

The percentage composition of carbon in C3H4 is calculated as follows:

%C=36.03 g40.062 g×100=89.93%

C3H6 contains three moles of carbon and six moles of hydrogen. The mass of three moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 3 mol of C=3×12.01 g=36.03 g

The mass of six moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 6 mol of H=6×1.008 g=6.048 g

Thus, the total mass of C3H6 is 42.078 g .

The percentage composition of carbon in C3H6 is calculated as follows:

%C=36.03 g42.078 g×100=85.62%

Thus, the percentage composition of carbon in C3H6 is lower.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether C2H4 and C3H4 have identical percent compositions of carbon by mass and the compound having a low percentage composition by mass is to be indicated.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

C2H4 contains two moles of carbon and four moles of hydrogen. The mass of three moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 2 mol of C=2×12.01 g=24.02 g

The mass of four moles of hydrogen is calculated as follows:

Mass of 4 mol of H=4×1.008 g=4.032 g

Thus, the total mass of C2H4 is 28.052 g .

The percentage composition of carbon in C3H4 is calculated as follows:

%C=28.052 g40.062 g×100=70.02%

C3H4 contains three moles of carbon and four moles of hydrogen. The mass of three moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 3 mol of C=3×12.01 g=36.03 g

The mass of four moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 4 mol of H=4×1.008 g=4.032 g

Thus, the total mass of C3H4 is 40.062 g .

The percentage composition of carbon in C3H4 is calculated as follows:

%C=36.03 g40.062 g×100=89.93%

Therefore, C2H4 has lower percentage composition of carbon.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether C2H4 and C4H2 have identical percent compositions of carbon by mass and the compound having a low percentage composition by mass is to be indicated.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

C2H4 contains two moles of carbon and four moles of hydrogen. The mass of three moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 2 mol of C=2×12.01 g=24.02 g

The mass of four moles of hydrogen is calculated as follows:

Mass of 4 mol of H=4×1.008 g=4.032 g

Thus, the total mass of C2H4 is 28.052 g .

The percentage composition of carbon in C2H4 is calculated as follows:

%C=28.052 g40.062 g×100=70.02%

C4H2 contains four moles of carbon and two moles of hydrogen. The mass of four moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 4 mol of C=4×12.01 g=48.04 g

The mass of four moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 2 mol of H=2×1.008 g=2.016 g

Thus, the total mass of C4H2 is 50.056 g .

The percentage composition of carbon in C4H2 is calculated as follows:

%C=48.04 g50.056 g×100=95.97%

Therefore, C2H4 has lower percentage composition of carbon.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether C2H4 and C3H6 have identical percent compositions of carbon by mass and the compound having a low percentage composition by mass is to be indicated.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The empirical formula of C2H4 and C3H6 is the same, that is CH2 . So, the percentage composition of C2H4 and C3H6 is identical.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether C4H8 and C3H8 have identical percent compositions of carbon by mass and the compound having a low percentage composition by mass is to be indicated.

(e)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

C4H8 contains four moles of carbon and eight moles of hydrogen. The mass of four moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 4 mol of C=4 mol×12.01 g=48.04 g

The mass of eight moles of hydrogen is calculated as follows:

Mass of 8 mol of H=8 mol×1.008 g=8.064 g

Thus, the total mass of C4H8 is 56.104 g .

The percentage composition of carbon in C4H8 is calculated as follows:

%C=48.04 g56.104 g×100=85.62%

C3H8 contains three moles of carbon and eight moles of hydrogen. The mass of three moles of carbon is calculated as follows:

Mass of 3 mol of C=3 mol×12.01 g=36.03 g

The mass of eight moles of hydrogen is calculated as follows:

Mass of 8 mol of H=8 mol×1.008 g=8.064 g

Thus, the total mass of C3H8 is 44.094 g .

The percentage composition of carbon in C4H8 is calculated as follows:

%C=36.03 g44.094 g×100=81.71%

Therefore, C3H8 has lower percentage composition by mass.

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Chapter 4 Solutions

EBK INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY

Ch. 4 - Prob. 7PPCh. 4 - Prob. 8PPCh. 4 - Prob. 9PPCh. 4 - Prob. 10PPCh. 4 - Prob. 11PPCh. 4 - Prob. 12PPCh. 4 - Prob. 13PPCh. 4 - Prob. 14PPCh. 4 - Prob. 15PPCh. 4 - Prob. 16PPCh. 4 - Prob. 17PPCh. 4 - Prob. 18PPCh. 4 - Prob. 19PPCh. 4 - Prob. 20PPCh. 4 - Prob. 21PPCh. 4 - Prob. 22PPCh. 4 - Prob. 23PPCh. 4 - Prob. 1QPCh. 4 - Prob. 2QPCh. 4 - Prob. 3QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4QPCh. 4 - Prob. 5QPCh. 4 - Prob. 6QPCh. 4 - Lithium carbonate, Li2CO3 , contains 18.8 lithium...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8QPCh. 4 - Prob. 9QPCh. 4 - Prob. 10QPCh. 4 - Prob. 11QPCh. 4 - Prob. 12QPCh. 4 - Prob. 13QPCh. 4 - Prob. 14QPCh. 4 - Prob. 15QPCh. 4 - Prob. 16QPCh. 4 - Prob. 17QPCh. 4 - Prob. 18QPCh. 4 - Prob. 19QPCh. 4 - Prob. 20QPCh. 4 - Prob. 21QPCh. 4 - Prob. 22QPCh. 4 - Prob. 23QPCh. 4 - Prob. 24QPCh. 4 - Prob. 25QPCh. 4 - Prob. 26QPCh. 4 - Prob. 27QPCh. 4 - Calculate the molar mass of each of the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 29QPCh. 4 - Prob. 30QPCh. 4 - Prob. 31QPCh. 4 - Prob. 32QPCh. 4 - Prob. 33QPCh. 4 - Prob. 34QPCh. 4 - Prob. 35QPCh. 4 - Prob. 36QPCh. 4 - Prob. 37QPCh. 4 - Prob. 38QPCh. 4 - Prob. 39QPCh. 4 - Prob. 40QPCh. 4 - Prob. 41QPCh. 4 - Prob. 42QPCh. 4 - Prob. 43QPCh. 4 - Calculate the mass of 0.750 mol of the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 45QPCh. 4 - Prob. 46QPCh. 4 - A sample of ammonia, NH3 , weights 30.0 g....Ch. 4 - Prob. 48QPCh. 4 - Which of these substance has the most atoms per...Ch. 4 - Which of these substances has the atoms per mole?...Ch. 4 - A raindrop weighs 0.050 g. How many molecules of...Ch. 4 - A gain of sand weighs 7.7104g . How many formula...Ch. 4 - How many formula units are in 250.0 g of the...Ch. 4 - How many formula units are in 375.0 g of the...Ch. 4 - How many atoms (or ions) of each element are in...Ch. 4 - How many atoms (or ions) of each element are in...Ch. 4 - What is the mass of 6.41022 molecules of SO2?Ch. 4 - What is the mass of 1.81021 molecules of H2SO4?Ch. 4 - Which compound, NH3,NH4Cl,NO2,orN203, contains the...Ch. 4 - Which compound, NaCl,PC13,CaC12,orHCIO2, contains...Ch. 4 - You have two colorless gases, each made of sulfur...Ch. 4 - Describe some uses for the percent composition of...Ch. 4 - What is the difference between an empirical...Ch. 4 - Why do we normally use an empirical formula...Ch. 4 - Which of the following molecules have an empirical...Ch. 4 - Which of the following substances have an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 67QPCh. 4 - What is the empirical formula of each of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 69QPCh. 4 - Prob. 70QPCh. 4 - Which of the following compounds of nitrogen and...Ch. 4 - Which of the following compounds of carbon and...Ch. 4 - What are the empirical formulas of the compounds...Ch. 4 - What are the empirical formulas of the compounds...Ch. 4 - Eugenol, a chemical substance with the flavor of...Ch. 4 - One of the compounds in cement has the following...Ch. 4 - The explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT) has the...Ch. 4 - Strychnine (rat poison) has the composition...Ch. 4 - An unknown organic compound was determined to have...Ch. 4 - Prob. 80QPCh. 4 - Prob. 81QPCh. 4 - Prob. 82QPCh. 4 - Prob. 83QPCh. 4 - Prob. 84QPCh. 4 - Prob. 85QPCh. 4 - Prob. 86QPCh. 4 - What is the percent composition of each of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 88QPCh. 4 - Prob. 89QPCh. 4 - Prob. 90QPCh. 4 - Prob. 91QPCh. 4 - Prob. 92QPCh. 4 - Prob. 93QPCh. 4 - Prob. 94QPCh. 4 - Prob. 95QPCh. 4 - Prob. 96QPCh. 4 - Prob. 97QPCh. 4 - Prob. 98QPCh. 4 - Prob. 99QPCh. 4 - Prob. 100QPCh. 4 - Prob. 101QPCh. 4 - Prob. 102QPCh. 4 - Prob. 103QPCh. 4 - Prob. 104QPCh. 4 - Prob. 105QPCh. 4 - Prob. 106QPCh. 4 - Prob. 107QPCh. 4 - Prob. 108QPCh. 4 - Prob. 109QPCh. 4 - Prob. 110QPCh. 4 - Prob. 111QPCh. 4 - Prob. 112QPCh. 4 - Prob. 113QPCh. 4 - Prob. 114QPCh. 4 - Prob. 115QPCh. 4 - Prob. 116QPCh. 4 - Prob. 117QPCh. 4 - How many molecules are present in 15.43 g of butyl...Ch. 4 - Prob. 119QPCh. 4 - Prob. 120QPCh. 4 - Prob. 121QPCh. 4 - Prob. 122QPCh. 4 - Prob. 123QPCh. 4 - Prob. 124QPCh. 4 - Prob. 125QPCh. 4 - Prob. 126QPCh. 4 - Prob. 127QPCh. 4 - Prob. 128QPCh. 4 - Prob. 129QPCh. 4 - Prob. 130QPCh. 4 - Prob. 131QPCh. 4 - Prob. 132QPCh. 4 - Prob. 133QPCh. 4 - Prob. 134QPCh. 4 - Prob. 135QPCh. 4 - Prob. 136QPCh. 4 - Prob. 137QPCh. 4 - Prob. 138QPCh. 4 - Prob. 139QPCh. 4 - Prob. 140QPCh. 4 - Prob. 141QPCh. 4 - Prob. 142QPCh. 4 - Prob. 143QPCh. 4 - Prob. 144QPCh. 4 - Prob. 145QPCh. 4 - Prob. 146QPCh. 4 - Prob. 147QPCh. 4 - Prob. 148QPCh. 4 - Prob. 149QPCh. 4 - Prob. 150QPCh. 4 - Prob. 151QPCh. 4 - Prob. 152QP
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