Principles of Instrumental Analysis
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577213
Author: Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 34, Problem 34.11QAP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The hydrodynamic diameter of the particle and temperature is given as
Concept introduction:
Strokes −Einstein relationship can estimate the time autocorrelation function of a mass of protein. The translational diffusion coefficient of a flexible polypeptide having single chain and is kept in a dilute solution can be calculated from Einstein theory.
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The diffusion coefficient for molecular iodine in benzene is 2.13 × 10−9 m2 s−1. How long does a molecule take to jump through about one molecular diameter (approximately the fundamental jump length for translational motion)?
Estimate the effective radius of a glycine molecule in water at 25 °C given that its diffusion coefficient is 1.055 × 10−9 m2 s−1 and that the viscosity of water is 1.00 cP.
The diffusion coefficient of CCl4 in heptane at 25 °C is 3.17 × 10−9 m2 s−1. Estimate the time required for a CCl4 molecule to have a root mean square displacement of 5.0 mm.
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Principles of Instrumental Analysis
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- G. Bakale et al. (J. Phys. Chem., 12477 (1996)) measured the mobility of singly charged C60− ions in a variety of nonpolar solvents. In cyclohexane at 22 °C (viscosity is 0.93 × 10−3 kg m−1 s−1), the mobility is 1.1 × 10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1. Estimate the effective radius of the C60− ion. Suggest a reason why there is a substantial difference between this number and the van der Waals radius of neutral C60.arrow_forward4. Estimate the effective radius of a sucrose molecule in water at 25°C given that its diffusion coefficient is 5.2 x 10-10m²/s and the viscosity of water is 0.0100P.arrow_forwardThe mobility of a CH3CO2− ion in aqueous solution at 25 °C is 4.24 × 10−8 m2 s−1 V−1. Calculate its diffusion coefficient in water at 25 °C.arrow_forward
- The diffusion coefficient of I2 in hexane at 25 °C is 4.05 × 10−9 m2 s−1. Estimate the time required for an iodine molecule to have a root mean square displacement of 1.0 cm.arrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficient for CCl4 in heptane is 3.17 × 10−9 m2 s−1. How long does a molecule take to jump through about one molecular diameter (approximately the fundamental jump length for translational motion)? The viscosity of heptane is 0.386 cP.arrow_forwardThe bulk modulus for liquid water at 298 K is 3.4 GPa. If it is assumed that the molecules are interacting with a Lennard-Jones potential energy, estimate the well depth ε (give your answer in kJ mol−1).arrow_forward
- The diffusion coefficient of valine in water at 298 KKis 0.831×10−9m2⋅s−10.831×10−9m2⋅s−1. Determine the time it will take a valine molecule on average to diffuse an rms distance of 2.00. If the molecular diameter of valine is taken to be 0.300 nmnm, what is the time per random walk step?arrow_forwardConsider a restricted random walk on a square lattice. Let us assume that a walker is not allowed to step back (but can go forward, turn right, or turn left with equal probability). Całculate the mean-square end-to-end distance for such a restricted n-step random walk. What is the characteristic ratio C∞ for this walk? The lattice constant is equal to l.arrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficient of a particular kind of t-RNA molecule is D = 1.0 × 10−11 m2 s−1 in the medium of a cell interior. How long does it take molecules produced in the cell nucleus to reach the walls of the cell at a distance 1.0 μm, corresponding to the radius of the cell?arrow_forward
- Why the oscillating plots in the CO2 isotherm at temperature below Tc are considered to violate Boyle’s law?arrow_forwardA layer of 20.0 g of sucrose is spread uniformly over a surface of area 5.0 cm2 and covered in water. What will be the molar concentration of sucrose molecules at 10 cm above the original layer after (i) 10 s, (ii) 24 h? Assume diffusion is the only transport process, take D = 5.216 × 10−9 m2 s−1, and assume that the layer of water in infinitely deep.arrow_forwardNuclear magnetic resonance can be used to determine the mobility of molecules in liquids. A set of measurements on methane in carbon tetrachloride showed that its diffusion coefficient is 2.05 × 10−9 m2 s−1 at 0 °C and 2.89 × 10−9 m2 s−1 at 25 °C. Deduce what information you can about the mobility of methane in carbon tetrachloride.arrow_forward
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