Biology: The Dynamic Science
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781337246422
Author: Peter J. Russell; Paul E. Hertz; Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 34, Problem 1ITD
Summary Introduction
To review:
What the different colored blocks in the diagram represent.
Introduction:
Plants contain xylem for transportation of water and minerals from the roots to the various body parts. The phloem vessels conduct food from leaves to different parts of the plant. The ions in water influence the flow of water through the xylem.
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B) If you have a mesophyll cell in a leaf (a living, parenchyma cell in a leaf) with a slight positive
turgor pressure (Yp = 0.01 MPa) and solutes (Ys = -3.0 MPa), and it is next to a xylem vessel
element with very few solutes in the xylem sap (Ys = -0.01 MPa) but high physical tension (Yp
= - 2.0 MPa), which way will water flow?
a) from the mesophyll cell into the vessel element
b) from the vessel element into the mesophyll cell
c) neither direction. They are at equilibrium.
Activa
GoroSe
Question 6
The diagram shows how water can adhere to the xylem in the stems of plants, which contributes to water movement in the plant. Which of the following best explains how water is able to move upward from
the roots of a plant, through its xylem in the stem, and out to the leaves?
-Water Molecuie
-Xylem Cell
Xylem
Cell Wall
When farmers apply too much fertilizer to the ground, the solute concentration is higher in the soil than it is in the roots. Explain how this would affect plants.
And place these structures in the order that water passes through them during transpiration: endodermis, root cortex, root hair, spongy mesophyll, stomata, and xylem.
-Thank you!
Chapter 34 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science
Ch. 34.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.1 - Explain how the apoplastic, symplastic, and...Ch. 34.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 34.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 34.4 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 34.5 - Compare and contrast translocation and...Ch. 34.5 - Prob. 2SBCh. 34 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 34 - An indoor gardener leaving for vacation completely...Ch. 34 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 34 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 34 - Discuss Concepts Concerns about global climate...Ch. 34 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 34 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking A variety of...Ch. 34 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 34 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 34 - Prob. 3ITD
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- The xylem cell has a water potential of -45 MPa and the mesophyll cell of the leaf has a water potential of -57MPa. Which way does the water move?arrow_forwardBeans increase or decrease the turgidity of Pulvini cells to change the orientation of leaves. In order to raise the leaf blades to a horizontal position (as in the right side of the picture) pulvini cells at the junction between petiole and blade import sugar and potassium ions to increase their Yp from .30 Mpa to 0.67 Mpa. The pulvini cells are at equilibrium both before (leaf held more vertically) and after (leaf held horizontally) moving with an interstitial fluid that is not under pressure and has an unchanging osmotic potential of -3.31 Mpa. What is the osmotic potential of the Pulvini cell when the leaf blade is horizontal?arrow_forward(b) Water absorbed by plant roots travels by different pathways from the root hairs to the xylem. Figure 5 shows these pathways in a plant root. cell A xylem vessel root hair key pathway B Tissue D Tissue E * pathway C Figure 5: Schematic representation of water movement through the tissues of a plant root (PLEASE TURN OVER) Page 6 CONT'D from Page 5 i. Explain how water moves from the root hair to the xylem vessels in the root. ii. Identify cellA, pathway B, pathway C, tissue D and tissue E in Figure 5.arrow_forward
- i. Based on Figure 2, identify the structure that regulates the movement of water and minerals towards the xylem in the root ii. Predict what will happen to the transportation of water and minerals through the plasma membrane if the root was poisoned and no cellular respiration occurred. iii. . Nitrate and phosphate are important anions for plants. Explain how the movement of protons (H+) influence the anions uptake across the plasma membrane of the root hair cellsarrow_forwardWhat does hydraulic conductance mean in the following? The hydraulic limitation hypothesis proposes that reduced growth in taller trees is caused by decreased photosynthesis resulting from a decrease in hydraulic conductance promoted by a longer root-to-leaf flow path.arrow_forwardThe water potential in the leaves is -30 MPa and -20 MPa in the xylem, the water moves to the _ and if the water potential in the roots is -30 MPa and -45 MPa in the xylem, the water moves to the?arrow_forward
- Cotton plants wilt within a few hours of flooding of their roots. The flooding leads to low-oxygen conditions, increases in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, and decreases in cytosolic pH. Suggest a hypothesis to explain how flooding leads to wilting.arrow_forwardThe pathogenic fungus Fusicoccum amygdali secretes atoxin called fusicoccin that activates the plasma membrane proton pumps of plant cells and leads to uncontrolled water loss. Suggest a mechanism by which theactivation of proton pumps could lead to severe wilting.arrow_forwardIn hot, dry climates, plants have evolved mechanisms to avoid photorespiration. Which of the following is FALSE Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с d C3 plants have no mechanism to avoid photorespiration C4 plants reduce photorespiration by separating the light reaction in the mesophyll cells from the light- independent reaction in the bundle-sheath cells CAM plants minimize photorespiration by collecting and storing CO2 at night and keeping their stomata closed during the day C4 plants include corn, sugarcane, and many grasses CAM plants can undergo photophosphorylation in the absence of sunlight 7 Open in Readinarrow_forward
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