The pathogenic fungus Fusicoccum amygdali secretes atoxin called fusicoccin that activates the plasma membrane proton pumps of plant cells and leads to uncontrolled water loss. Suggest a mechanism by which theactivation of proton pumps could lead to severe wilting.
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The pathogenic
toxin called fusicoccin that activates the plasma membrane proton pumps of plant cells and leads to uncontrolled water loss. Suggest a mechanism by which the
activation of proton pumps could lead to severe wilting.
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- A) The concentration of CO2 is lower inside a plant cell than in the atmosphere (outside the cell). In your own words, describe how the CO2 levels are kept low inside the plant cell and explain why this is necessary. Assume stomata are open. B) Regarding the situation presented in Part A and assuming that the stomata of the plant leaves are closed, would this favour the induction of photorespiration in a C3 plant? Explain. Make reference to relevant molecule or molecules as needed. Please clearly label your responses as A and BUnder conditions of very high light intensity, excess absorbed solar energy is dissipated by the action of photoprotective proteins in the thylakoid membrane. Explain why it is advantageous for these proteins to be activated by buildup of the proton gradient across the membrane.Describe the role played by protein pumps during active transport in plants.
- Discuss other morphological differences between sunny and shady set-ups of mung bean in relation to phototropic response of plants. Characteristics sunny shaded Leaf color Lime Green Pale Green Direction of Growth Grows upward towards the direction of sunlight Oriented in the direction of the light but growth is bent downwardi. Based on Figure 2, identify the structure that regulates the movement of water and minerals towards the xylem in the root ii. Predict what will happen to the transportation of water and minerals through the plasma membrane if the root was poisoned and no cellular respiration occurred. iii. . Nitrate and phosphate are important anions for plants. Explain how the movement of protons (H+) influence the anions uptake across the plasma membrane of the root hair cellsIn hot, dry climates, plants have evolved mechanisms to avoid photorespiration. Which of the following is FALSE Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с d e C3 plants have no mechanism to avoid photorespiration C4 plants reduce photorespiration by separating the light reaction in the mesophyll cells from the light- independent reaction in the bundle-sheath cells CAM plants minimize photorespiration by collecting and storing CO2 at night and keeping their stomata closed during the day C4 plants include corn, sugarcane, and many grasses CAM plants can undergo photophosphorylation in the absence of sunlight Open in Readir
- Experiments to address the day-night discrepancy in warming (see Pic5) indicate that climate change has inhibited plant growth in warm dry areas more than in cool wet areas. Explain this observation.The warmth of hot flowers attracts pollinators and helps broadcast the flowers’ (often foul) scent. Corpse flower stalks can reach 98°F, as warm as our bodies. The heat and foul odor both occur in pulses produced by the central stalk. How do these flowers get so hot? Amorphophallus and other heatproducing flowers have evolved mechanisms that disconnect cellular respiration from ATP synthesis. In most cells, cellular respiration uses about 40% of the energy in glucose to synthesize ATP, with the rest given off as heat (see Chapter 8). Hot flowers, on the other hand, synthesize very little ATP; instead, almost all of the energy in glucose is released as heat, causing the flower to warm up. Besides the promise of carrion, what other features have flowers evolved that attract animal pollinators?In hot, dry climates, plants have evolved mechanisms to avoid photorespiration. Which of the following is FALSE Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с d C3 plants have no mechanism to avoid photorespiration C4 plants reduce photorespiration by separating the light reaction in the mesophyll cells from the light- independent reaction in the bundle-sheath cells CAM plants minimize photorespiration by collecting and storing CO2 at night and keeping their stomata closed during the day C4 plants include corn, sugarcane, and many grasses CAM plants can undergo photophosphorylation in the absence of sunlight 7 Open in Readin
- Even though C4 plants require more ATP per CO₂ fixed, at higher temperatures, they are more efficient than C3 plants. Which of the following explains the effectiveness of C4 plants? contains a mutant form of Rubisco that does not bind to oxygen oxygen is prevented from entering the bundle-sheath cells where Rubisco is found Oduring the night, carbon dioxide is stored as malate so that stomata do not need to open during the day O photorespiration in C4 plants produces energy while in C3 plants, energy is consumedWhat among the following would happen to plant exposed to toxin that made thylakoid membranes permeable to protons? a reverasal of proton gradient across thylakoid membrans would result in higher pH in thylakoid lumen than the surrounding stroma reduction of NADP+ inthe chloroplasts would no longer be possible the proton gradient across the ehylakoid membrane woudl be eliminated the transport of electrons by the protein complexes int eh thylakoids would be prevented.W hen a culture of Chlamydomonas is exposed to HIGH intensity light, the cells will display negative phototaxis and move away from the light. Which of the following could act as a cellular signal triggering movement away from the light? A. Low levels of P700+ relative to P700 in the chloroplast. B. High levels of G3P in the cytosol. C. High levels of NAD+ relative to NADH in mitochondria. D. Low levels of ATP relative to ADP in the cytosol.