BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305967359
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 31, Problem 3CT
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The reason due to which the effect of too much insulin on a diabetic can be reversed by an injection of glucagon.
Introduction:
Communication among the cells of the body in a living organism is facilitated with the help of the endocrine system. Animal hormones travel through the blood and assist this communication. The pancreas has a cluster of endocrine cells known as pancreatic islets.
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The hormones insulin and glucagon play an important role in the regulation of plasma glucose.
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Chapter 31 Solutions
BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
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- Figure 37.11 Pancreatic tumors may cause excess secretion of glucagon. Type I diabetes results from the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin. Which of the following statement about these two conditions is true? A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will have the opposite effects on blood sugar levels. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hyperglycemia. A pancreatic tumor and type I diabetes will both cause hypoglycemia. Both pancreatic tumors and type I diabetes result in the inability of cells to take up glucose.arrow_forwardAddisons disease develops when the adrenal cortex does not secrete enough mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids. President John F. Kennedy was diagnosed with the disease when he was a young man. Before he started treatment with hormone replacement therapy, he was hypoglycemic and lost weight. Which missing hormone was responsible for his weight loss? How might Addisons disease have affected his blood pressure?arrow_forward(human physiology) 1) Match the insulin types (1-3) with the plots (A-C)? Explain? 2) Oral administration (e.g. in the form of pills) of insulin and subcutaneous administration, which is more effective? Why? 3) Why are elderly, sedentary, obese and regular smokers at high risk of diabetes?arrow_forward
- Describe the mechanism of action of insulin. Based on the MOA, when would insulin be contraindicated?arrow_forwardDescribe the function of the insulin molecule in the body.arrow_forwardExplain the actions of two hormones of the islets of Langerhans on the level of glucose in the blood. What is the consequence of insulin insufficiency or insensitivity as in the disease diabetes mellitus?arrow_forward
- Nancy suffers from insulin dependent diabetes Mellitus and is on insulin therapy. You administered her insulin dose orally and realized hours later that she is hyperglycaemic despite your administration of the right dose. Explain what might have led to thisarrow_forwardExtreme thirst is a characteristic of diabetes. Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following medications does not have hypoglycemic effects (does not augment insulin activity)?A. Glicised (Glicinum)B. SalicylatesC. SulfanilamideD. EthanolE. Fluoxetinearrow_forward
- Why would a cause of hyperinsulinism be hypoglycemia? Don’t lower levels of blood glucose inhibit of insulin rather than produce large amounts of it to result in hyperinsulinism?arrow_forwarddescribe the multiple actions of insulin.arrow_forwardWhat happens to the insulin-secreting capacity of a type 2 diabetic placed on insulin therapy earlier than recommended? Can the external supply of insulin improve the functional capacity of the insulin-secreting cells, to some extent by providing some rest to these cells? Is inhaled insulin a suitable substitute for injectable insulin? Is there, or will there soon be, insulin in the form of a tablet?arrow_forward
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