Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781260411140
Author: Cleveland P Hickman Jr. Emeritus, Susan L. Keen, David J Eisenhour Professor PhD, Allan Larson, Helen I'Anson Associate Professor of Biology
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 30, Problem 4RQ
Young downstream salmon migrants moving from their freshwater natal streams into the sea leave an environment nearly free of salt to enter one containing three times as much salt as their body fluids. Describe osmotic challenges of each environment and suggest physiological adjustments salmon must make in moving from freshwater to the sea.
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Young downstream salmon migrants moving from their freshwater natal streams into the sea leave an environment nearly free of salt to enter one containing three times as much salt as their body fluids. Describe osmotic challenges of each environment and suggest phys-iological adjustments salmon must make in moving from freshwater to the sea
Compare the osmoregulatory problems and adaptations of a hypo-osmotic shallow marine fish, a hyperosmotic freshwater fish, a deep-sea fish, a salmon, and a terrestrial vertebrate
What are the osmotic challenges faced by marine animals like fish? Describe how they cope with these challenges to maintain solute and water balance in their tissues.
Chapter 30 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
Ch. 30 - Define homeostasis. What evolutionary advantages...Ch. 30 - Describe the physiological challenges confronting...Ch. 30 - Distinguish the terms in the following pairs:...Ch. 30 - Young downstream salmon migrants moving from their...Ch. 30 - Most marine invertebrates are osmotic conformers....Ch. 30 - Prob. 6RQCh. 30 - In what animals would you expect to find a salt...Ch. 30 - Prob. 8RQCh. 30 - Prob. 9RQCh. 30 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 30 - In what ways does the nephridium of an earthworm...Ch. 30 - Prob. 12RQCh. 30 - Explain how the cycling of sodium chloride between...Ch. 30 - Explain bow antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)...Ch. 30 - Prob. 15RQCh. 30 - Large mammals live successfully in deserts and in...Ch. 30 - Prob. 17RQCh. 30 - Prob. 1FFT
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- 10) Osmoregulation refers to the ability of an organism to maintain homeostasis with respect to the solute concentration of their bodies. Euryhaline fish are able to live in both fresh water and salt water at different points of their life. In order to osmoregulate in both environments, one physiological change that occurs in these fish is the direction in which they actively transport ions across their gills. a) In what direction are ions actively transported across the gills of euryhaline fish when they are in freshwater versus salt water? In freshwater: (into body or out of body) In salt water: (into body or out of body) b) Briefly explain why active transport is required in these cases. 121 11) The table below compares and contrasts carrier protein pumps with clathrin-dependent receptor-mediated endocytosis. Fill in the empty spaces of the table with the appropriate ans Clathrin- Carrier protein dependent receptor mediated endocytosis pump Involvement of multiple types of proteins?…arrow_forwardIn the aquatic world, osmoregulation is very important. Please describe what would happen at the cellular level as well as organismal level to a freshwater fish that is placed in salt water.arrow_forwardCompare the osmotic problem and the mechanism of osmotic regula-tion in freshwater and marine bony fishes.arrow_forward
- Explain why freshwater fish should not drink water and why saltwater fish should to maintain osmotic balance.arrow_forwardDescribe the function of major hormones (steroid hormones, epinephrine, insulin & glucagon) and major endocrine glands (hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal glands, pancreas) and how they regulate metabolism. Explain the organs and tissues different groups use for osmoregulation including how the countercurrent exchange in the loop of Henle allows mammals to recycle water and ions. Explain how organisms control osmolarity, and how their particular strategies depend on the environment they inhabit.arrow_forwardDescribe the physiological challenges confronting marine inverte-brates entering freshwater and, using crustaceans as an example, suggest solutions to these challenges.arrow_forward
- Sharks live in marine (saltwater) habitats and are osmoconformers. Based on this information which of the following is/are true (select all that apply): A. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are isoosmotic relative to the environment B. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are hypoosmotic relative to the environment C. Sharks devote considerable energy to osmoregulation D. Sharks do not devote much energy to osmoregulationarrow_forwardDistinguish the terms in the following pairs: osmotic conformity and osmotic regulation; stenohaline and euryhaline; hyperosmotic and hypoosmotic.arrow_forwardA scientist interested in studying aquaporins plans to examine the different parts of mammalian nephrons in which large numbers of aquaporins can be found. This researcher would NOT choose to examine the…arrow_forward
- The diagram below of part of a nephron shows some of the pressure gradients that are involved in the movement of fluids from blood to the glomerular filtrate within the Bowman's capsule. The numbers represent hydrostatic pressure in kPA. Afferent arteriole (9.32) Glomerulus Efferent arteriole (2.34) -Bowman's caps Colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma in the glomerular capillaries (4.26) Net fitration Distal convoluted Proximal convoluted tubule tubule (1.33)arrow_forwardMany, but not all, marine fishes are simultaneously both osmoregulators and ionoregulators. Say that a friend caught a fish off of the Cape Cod coast where the seawater has an osmotic pressure of 1,050 mosmol.L-1 and a Na+ concentration of 450 mmol.L-1. Which of the following plasma compositions might reasonably be consistent with your friend's fish being such an osmoregulating and ionoregulating species? A. plasma osmotic pressure = 350 mosmol.L-1; plasma Na+ concentration = 430 mmol.L-1 B. plasma osmotic pressure = 1,050 mosmol.L-1; plasma Na+ concentration = 450 mmol.L-1 C. plasma osmotic pressure = 1,035 mosmol.L-1; plasma Na+ concentration = 170 mmol.L-1 D. plasma osmotic pressure = 355 mosmol.L-1; plasma Na+ concentration = 161 mmol.L-1 E. None of the above answer choices correctly answers the question.arrow_forwardDiscuss the importance and meaning of osmotic equilibriumarrow_forward
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