Fluid Mechanics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780073398273
Author: Frank M. White
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.123P
The air-cushion vehicle in Fig, P3.123 brings in sea-level standard air through a fan and discharges it at high velocity through an annular skirt of 3-cm clearance. If the vehicle weighs 50 kN, estimate (a) the required airflow rate and (b) the fan power in kW.
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The pump-turbine system in Fig. P3.174 draws water fromthe upper reservoir in the daytime to produce power for acity. At night, it pumps water from lower to upper reservoirsto restore the situation. For a design fl ow rate of15,000 gal/min in either direction, the friction head loss is17 ft. Estimate the power in kW ( a ) extracted by the turbineand ( b ) delivered by the pump.
A fi reboat draws seawater (SG = 1.025) from a submergedpipe and discharges it through a nozzle, as in Fig. P3.176.The total head loss is 6.5 ft. If the pump efficiency is75 percent, what horsepower motor is required to drive it?
The large turbine in Fig. P3.184 diverts the river flow undera dam as shown. System friction losses are h f = 3.5 V 2 /(2 g ),where V is the average velocity in the supply pipe. Forwhat river flow rate in m 3 /s will the power extracted be25 MW? Which of the two possible solutions has a better“conversion efficiency”?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics
Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.1PCh. 3 - Consider the angular momentum relation in the form...Ch. 3 - For steady low-Reynolds-number (laminar) flow...Ch. 3 - Water at 20°C flows through a long elliptical duct...Ch. 3 - Water at 20°C flows through a 5-in-diameter smooth...Ch. 3 - Water fills a cylindrical tank to depth h. The...Ch. 3 - A spherical tank, of diameter 35 cm, is leaking...Ch. 3 - Three pipes steadily deliver water at 20°C to a...Ch. 3 - A laboratory test tank contains seawater of...Ch. 3 - Water flowing through an 8-cm-diameter pipe enters...
Ch. 3 - Water flows from a faucet into a sink at 3 U.S....Ch. 3 - The pipe flow in Fig, P3.12 fills a cylindrical...Ch. 3 - The cylindrical container in Fig. P3.13 is 20 cm...Ch. 3 - The open tank in Fig. F3.14 contains water at 20°C...Ch. 3 - Water, assumed incompressible, flows steadily...Ch. 3 - P3.16 An incompressible fluid flows past an...Ch. 3 - Incompressible steady flow in the inlet between...Ch. 3 - Gasoline enters section 1 in Fig, P3.18 at 0.5...Ch. 3 - Water from a storm drain flows over an outfall...Ch. 3 - Oil (SG = 0.89) enters at section 1 in Fig, P3.20...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.21PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.22PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.23PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.24PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.25PCh. 3 - A thin layer of liquid, draining from an inclined...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.27PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.28PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.29PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.30PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.31PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.32PCh. 3 - In some wind tunnels the test section is...Ch. 3 - A rocket motor is operati ng steadily, as shown in...Ch. 3 - In contrast to the liquid rocket in Fig. P3.34,...Ch. 3 - The jet pump in Fig. P3.36 injects water at U1 =...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.37PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.38PCh. 3 - A wedge splits a sheet of 20°C water, as shown in...Ch. 3 - The water jet in Fig, P3,40 strikes normal to a...Ch. 3 - P3.41 In Fig. P3.41 the vane turns the water jet...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.42PCh. 3 - P3.43 Water at 20°C flows through a 5-cm-diameter...Ch. 3 - P3.44 When a uniform stream flows past an immersed...Ch. 3 - Water enters and leaves the 6-cm-diameter pipe...Ch. 3 - When a jet strikes an inclined fixed plate, as in...Ch. 3 - A liquid jet of velocity Vjand diameter Djstrikes...Ch. 3 - The small boat in Fig. P3.48 is driven at a steady...Ch. 3 - The horizontal nozzle in Fig. P3.49 has D1 = 12 in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.50PCh. 3 - P3.51 A liquid jet of velocity Vj and area Aj...Ch. 3 - A large commercial power washer delivers 21...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.53PCh. 3 - For the pipe-flow-reducing section of Fig. P3.54,...Ch. 3 - In Fig. P3.55 the jet strikes a vane that moves to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.56PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.57PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.58PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.59PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.60PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.61PCh. 3 - P3.62 Water at 20°C exits to the standard...Ch. 3 - Water flows steadily through the box in Fig....Ch. 3 - The 6-cm-diameter 20°C water jet in Fig. P3.64...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.65PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.66PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.67PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.68PCh. 3 - P3.69 A uniform rectangular plate, 40 cm long and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.70PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.71PCh. 3 - When immersed in a uniform stream, a thick...Ch. 3 - P3.73 A pump in a tank of water at 20°C directs a...Ch. 3 - P3.74 Water at 20°C flows down through a vertical,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.75PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.76PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.77PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.78PCh. 3 - P3.79 The Saturn V rocket in the chapter opener...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.80PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.81PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.82PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.83PCh. 3 - Air at 20°C and 1 atm flows in a 25-cm-diameter...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.85PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.86PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.87PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.88PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.89PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.90PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.91PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.92PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.93PCh. 3 - A water jet 3 in in diameter strikes a concrete...Ch. 3 - P3.95 A tall water tank discharges through a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.96PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.97PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.98PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.99PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.100PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.101PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.102PCh. 3 - Suppose that the solid-propellant rocket of Prob....Ch. 3 - A rocket is attached to a rigid horizontal rod...Ch. 3 - Extend Prob. P3.104 to the case where the rocket...Ch. 3 - Actual airflow past a parachute creates a variable...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.107PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.108PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.109PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.110PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.111PCh. 3 - A jet of alcohol strikes the vertical plate in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.113PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.114PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.115PCh. 3 - P3.116 For the container of Fig. P3.116 use...Ch. 3 - Water at 20°C, in the pressurized tank of Fig....Ch. 3 - P3.118 Bernoulli's 1738 treatise Hydrodynamica...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.119PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.120PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.121PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.122PCh. 3 - The air-cushion vehicle in Fig, P3.123 brings in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.124PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.125PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.126PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.127PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.128PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.129PCh. 3 -
P3.130 In Fig. P3.130 the fluid is gasoline at...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.131PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.132PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.133PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.134PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.135PCh. 3 - Air, assumed frictionless, flows through a tube,...Ch. 3 - In Fig. P3.137 the piston drives water at 20°C....Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.138PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.139PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.140PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.141PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.142PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.143PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.144PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.145PCh. 3 - The pump in Fig. P3.146 draws gasoline at 20°C...Ch. 3 - The very large water tank in Fig. P3.147 is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.148PCh. 3 - P3.149 The horizontal lawn sprinkler in Fig....Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.150PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.151PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.152PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.153PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.154PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.155PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.156PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.157PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.158PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.159PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.160PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.161PCh. 3 - The waterwheel in Fig. P3.162 is being driven at...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.163PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.164PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.165PCh. 3 - A power plant on a river, as in Fig. P3.166, must...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.167PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.168PCh. 3 - P3.169 When the pump in Fig. P3.169 draws 220 m3/h...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.170PCh. 3 - P3.171 Consider a turbine extracting energy from a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.172PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.173PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.174PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.175PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.176PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.177PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.178PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.179PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.180PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.181PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.182PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.183PCh. 3 - The large turbine in Fig. P3.184 diverts the river...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.185PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.1WPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.2WPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3WPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.4WPCh. 3 - W3.5 Consider a long sewer pipe, half full of...Ch. 3 - Put a table tennis ball in a funnel, and attach...Ch. 3 - How does a siphon work? Are there any limitations...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.1FEEPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.2FEEPCh. 3 - In Fig, FE3.1 water exits from a nozzle into...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.4FEEPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.5FEEPCh. 3 - FE3.6 A fireboat pump delivers water to a...Ch. 3 - A fireboat pump delivers water to a vertical...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.8FEEPCh. 3 - Water flowing in a smooth 6-cm-diameter pipe...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.10FEEPCh. 3 - In a certain industrial process, oil of density ...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2CPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3CPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.4CPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.5CPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.1DP
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- A typical pump has a head that, for a given shaft rotationrate, varies with the fl ow rate, resulting in a pump performancecurve as in Fig. P3.181. Suppose that this pump is75 percent efficient and is used for the system in Prob.3.180. Estimate ( a ) the flow rate, in gal/min, and ( b ) thehorsepower needed to drive the pump.arrow_forwardIn Fig. P3.55 the jet strikes a vane that moves to the right atconstant velocity V c on a frictionless cart. Compute ( a ) theforce F x required to restrain the cart and ( b ) the power Pdelivered to the cart. Also fi nd the cart velocity for which( c ) the force F x is a maximum and ( d ) the power P is amaximum.arrow_forwardOil (SG = 0.89) enters at section 1 in Fig. P3.20 at a weightfl ow of 250 N/h to lubricate a thrust bearing. The steady oilfl ow exits radially through the narrow clearance betweenthrust plates. Compute ( a ) the outlet volume fl ow in mL/sand ( b ) the average outlet velocity in cm/s.arrow_forward
- Air, assumed frictionless, fl ows through a tube, exiting tosea-level atmosphere. Diameters at 1 and 3 are 5 cm, whileD 2 = 3 cm. What mass fl ow of air is required to suck waterup 10 cm into section 2 of Fig. P3.136?arrow_forwardI'here is a steady isothermal flow of water at 20°C through the device in Fig. P3.165. Heat-transfer, gravity, and tem- perature effects are negligible. Known data are D, = 9 cm, Q1 = 220 m/h, p1 = 150 kPa, Dz = 7 cm, Q2 = 100 m³/h, P2 = 225 kPa, D3 = 4 cm, and p3 = 265 kPa. Compute the rate of shaft work done for this device and its direction. 3 Isothermal steady flowarrow_forwardThe liquid in Fig. P3.126 is kerosene at 20 ° C. Estimate thefl ow rate from the tank for ( a ) no losses and ( b ) pipe lossesh f ≈ 4.5 V 2 /(2 g ).arrow_forward
- If losses are neglected in Fig. P3.133, for what water levelh will the flow begin to form vapor cavities at the throat ofthe nozzle?arrow_forwardThe insulated tank in Fig. P3.182 is to be fi lled from a highpressureair supply. Initial conditions in the tank are T =20 ° C and p =200 kPa. When the valve is opened, the initialmass flow rate into the tank is 0.013 kg/s. Assuming anideal gas, estimate the initial rate of temperature rise of theair in the tank.arrow_forwardThe model car in Fig. P3.82 weighs 17 N and is to beaccelerated from rest by a 1-cm-diameter water jet moving at 75 m/s. Neglecting air drag and wheel friction, estimatethe velocity of the car after it has moved forward 1 m.arrow_forward
- In Fig. P3.127 the open jet of water at 20 ° C exits a nozzleinto sea-level air and strikes a stagnation tube as shown. If the pressure at the centerline at section 1 is 110 kPa, andlosses are neglected, estimate ( a ) the mass flow in kg/s and( b ) the height H of the fluid in the stagnation tube.arrow_forwardA vane turns a water jet through an angle α , as shown inFig. P3.87. Neglect friction on the vane walls. ( a ) What isthe angle α for the support force to be in pure compression?( b ) Calculate this compression force if the water velocity is22 ft/s and the jet cross section is 4 in 2 .arrow_forwardA power plant on a river, as in Fig. P3.166, must eliminate55 MW of waste heat to the river. The river conditions upstream are Q i = 2.5 m 3 /s and T i = 18 ° C. The river is45 m wide and 2.7 m deep. If heat losses to the atmosphereand ground are negligible, estimate the downstream riverconditions ( Q 0 , T 0 ).arrow_forward
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