Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The empirical formula and the molecular formula of peroxyacylnitrate (PAN)are to be calculated with given percent by mass of element present and molar mass.
Concept introduction:
Empirical formula is the simplest formula of any compound when written in the least possible whole number without altering the relative number of atoms.
The molecular mass of any compound is the sum of the
The percent composition of an element by its mass in a compound can be calculated as
Here, n represents the number of atoms in the given molecule or compound.
The number of moles is defined as the ratio of mass to the molar mass:
Here,
The mass of compound can be calculated as
Here,
The molecular formula can be calculated as
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry
- Propane, C3H8, is the fuel of choice in a gas barbecue. When burning, the balanced equation is C3H8+5O23CO2+4H2O a What is the limiting reactant in cooking with a gas grill? b If the grill will not light and you know that you have an ample flow of propane to the burner, what is the limiting reactant? c When using a gas grill you can sometimes turn the gas up to the point at which the flame becomes yellow and smokey. In terms of the chemical reaction, what is happening?arrow_forward4.69 The pictures below show a molecular-scale view of a chemical reaction between H2 and CO to produce methanol, CH3OH. The box on the left represents the reactants at the instant of mixing, and the box on the right shows what is left once the reaction has gone to completion. Was there a limiting reactant in this reaction? If so, what was it? Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. As usual, your equation should use the smallest possible whole number coefficients for all substances.arrow_forward3.96 Methyl cyanoacrylate is the chemical name for the substance sold as Super Glue, and it has the chemical formula C5H5NO2. Calculate the number of molecules of this substance in a 1.0-ounce tube of Super Glue, assuming that the glue is 80% methyl cyanoacrylate by mass.arrow_forward
- The reaction of methane and water is one way to prepare hydrogen for use as a fuel: CH4(g) + H2O(g) CO(g) + 3 H2(g) If you begin with 995 g of CH4 and 2510 g of water, (a) Which reactant is the limiting reactant? (b) What is the maximum mass of H2 that can be prepared? (c) What mass of the excess reactant remains when the reaction is completed?arrow_forwardBoron forms an extensive series of compounds with hydrogen, all with the general formula BxHy. To analyze one of these compounds, you burn it in air and isolate the boron in the form of B2O3 and the hydrogen in the form of water. You find that 0.1482 g BxHy gives 0.4221 g B2O3 when burned in excess O2. Determine the empirical I formula of BxHy.arrow_forwardPhenol is a compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen used commonly as a disinfectant. Combustion of a 175-mg sample of phenol yielded 491 mg CO2 and 100. mg H2O. Calculate the empirical formula of phenol. Identify what other information is needed to determine whether the empirical formula is the actual molecular formula.arrow_forward
- Urea is used as a fertilizer because it can react with water to release ammonia, which provides nitrogen to plants. (NH2)2CO(s) + H2O() 2 NH3(aq) + CO2(g) (a) When 300. g urea and 100. g water are combined, calculate the mass of ammonia and the mass of carbon dioxide that form. (b) Calculate the mass of the excess reactant that remains after reaction.arrow_forward4.108 Elemental analysis is sometimes carried out by combustion of the sample. For a hydrocarbon, the only products formed are CO2 and H2O. If a 1.36-g sample of an unknown hydrocarbon is burned and 2.21 g of H2O is produced along with 4.07 g of CO2, what is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon?arrow_forwardThe sugar sucrose, which is present in many fruits and vegetables, reacts in the presence of certain yeast enzymes to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide gas. Balance the following equation for this reaction of sucrose. C12H22O11(aq) + H2O(l) C2H5OH(aq) + CO2(g)arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningWorld of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
- World of ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780618562763Author:Steven S. ZumdahlPublisher:Houghton Mifflin College DivGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning