CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136538820
Author: Taylor
Publisher: INTER PEAR
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Chapter 29, Problem 7TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Hearing is a mechanism in which sound wave travel to the brain through ears. Ears structure consist of, outer ear, middle ear, inner ear and neuronal.
Middle ears contain ossicles bone that transmits the sound vibration from middle ear to inner ear, and inner ear contains hair cells and basilar membrane on cochlea, and auditory nerve. Neuronal code the sound vibration into nerve signal that is perceived by the brain.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Hearing loss is due to problems with ear canals, ear drum or middle ear and its little bones which are malleus, incus, and stapes. Suggest TWO (2) possible treatments that could be conducted.
You are experiencing some hearing loss. You don’t work with loud machinery or go to loud concerts. But, you do work in a busy smoothie bar, so have regular exposure to a loud blender. The ear doctor tells you that although blenders are only moderately loud, frequent exposure to sound levels greater than _______ (like the blender) has most likely caused damage to the cochlear hairs that produce those sounds.
75 dB
95 dB
125 dB
150 dB
175dB
Ototoxic drugs are drugs that may damage the cochlea, auditory nerve and/or the vestibular system of the ear. The damage caused is usually temporary and symptoms improve once the patient stops taking the drug. However, in some patients, the damage is permanent. Damage to the cochlea is the most common problem associated with these drugs.
The reason that hearing loss results when the cochlea is damaged is:
Select one:
a. The bones in the ear do not amplify or increase the sound vibrations.
b. The eardrum cannot transmit vibrations from sound waves to the malleus.
c. The Eustachian tube remains open.
d. Hair cells within the damaged cochlea do not bend preventing the transmission of an electrical signal to the auditory nerve.
Chapter 29 Solutions
CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
Ch. 29 - Prob. 1CCCh. 29 - Which of the following sensory receptors is...Ch. 29 - Which of the following are not known to be present...Ch. 29 - What do the receptor cells in the lateral line...Ch. 29 - If you look away from this book and focus your...Ch. 29 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 29 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 29 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 29 - Hold your right eye closed. With your left eye,...Ch. 29 - Construct a graph in which membrane potential is...
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- Jill is diagnosed with sensorineural deafness, a disorder in which sound waves are transmitted normally to the inner ear but they are not translated into neural signals that travel to the brain. Sometimes the cause is a problem with the auditory nerve, but in Jills case it has to do with a problem in the inner ear itself. Where in the inner ear is the disruption most likely to be located?arrow_forwardOne of the mechanisms that the auditory system uses to localize sound is referred to as interaural time difference (ITD). Where in the brain does this takes place and explain how this mechanism would enable you to localize a sound coming from your left side.arrow_forwardUsing the attached image, Identify the following labels (G, D, B, and C) in the plan diagram of the longitudinal section of the cochlea: Options: 1. Cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve 2. Cochlear duct 3. Vestibular membrane 4. Scala tympani 5. Organ of Corti 6. Basilar membrane 7. Scala vestibuliarrow_forward
- a) Consider a patient who has been exposed to an ototoxic drug that has caused the death of the outer hair cells in the cochlea but has left the inner hair cells unaffected. What sort of hearing loss is the person likely to experience and what sort of hearing device could assist them? Explain the reasons for your answer based upon how the inner ear functions. b) Consider a person who has a partial loss of myelin in their auditory nerve. What effect would the loss of myelin have upon the ability of this person to perceive speech and would either a hearing aid or cochlear implant provide any benefit to their hearing ability? Explain the reasons for your answer based upon how the inner ear and auditory pathway function. I c) Explain the difference in information that can be provided by a cochlear implant consisting of a single electrode compared to a cochlear implant with many electrodes. What type of neural code is provided in each case? What type of musical sounds could be well…arrow_forwardThe utricle and saccule are located in the inner ear. They contain otoliths on top of gel-like fluid and are involved in detecting gravitational equilibrium. Which of the following scenarios does NOT involve the utricle and saccule? a. Riding in an elevator b. Tilting your head forward c. Abruptly stopping the car at a red light in an intersection d. Spinning clockwise, then spinning counterclockwise to try to get rid of the queasy feelingarrow_forwardPresbycusis is an age-related hearing loss affecting individuals over the age of 65. Many affected individuals have difficulty understanding words because, although they may be able to hear the sound, they are unable to distinguish the exact words. This hearing loss is most noticeable at higher frequencies. Which of the following statements correctly describes an individual suffering from presbycusis? Select one: a. Individuals with presbycusis have damaged hair cells at the base of the cochlea, which is closest to the oval window. b. Increasing the volume of higher frequency sound allows individuals affected with presbycusis to hear better. O c. Individuals with presbycusis have damaged hair cells at the apex of the cochlea, which is farthest from to the oval window. Od. Decreasing the amplitude of lower frequency sound allows individuals affected with presbycusis to hear better.arrow_forward
- The equilibrium structure within the inner ear responsible for static equilibrium is the _____, and it is responsible for detecting _____ movement. maculae; linear ampulla; linear maculae; angular ampulla; angular Which hearing test assess whether we can equally hear in both ears? Romberg test Weber test Barany test Rinne test What does an abnormal Rinne test indicate? problem in dorsal white column of spinal cord conduction deafness vertigo nystagmusarrow_forwardA 33-year-old, right-handed roller derby skater comes to you complaining of periodic attacks of tinnitus ("ringing" or "buzzing") in her left ear and vertigo (the sensation that she and her surroundings are moving relative to one another, when she is standing or sitting still). She says these attacks have been becoming more frequent over the past year or so and that now, between attacks, she feels as though she can't hear as well with her left ear as she can with her right. Your examination reveals that the auditory threshold is indeed elevated in her left ear, whether you use air conduction or bone conduction. You also notice that touching either cornea with a wisp of cotton causes her right eye to blink briskly and her left eye to blink somewhat sluggishly. Then you notice that she seems to have a somewhat asymmetrical smile: The right side of her face moves more than the left. Which of the following best accounts for this patient's list of problems? Damage to the left…arrow_forwardList, in order, the structures that must conduct a soundwave from the time it enters the auditory canal until itreaches the cochlea.arrow_forward
- Your friend had a severe infection in the cochlea, which caused deafness. The scarring from the infection prevents movement of the basilar membrane of the organ of Corti. In response to a sound, you would predict that: The tympanic membrane would not vibrate The tympanic membrane would vibrate but the three bones in the middle ear would not move The three bones in the middle ear would move, but the cochlear fluid would not have any waves The cochlear fluid would have waves, but the hair cells would not bend The hair cells would bend, but no receptor potential would be createdarrow_forwardWayne is a 75-year-old retired teacher who comes to the physician’s office feeling quite upset. He tells Rebecca, the licensed practical nurse, that he does not know what is happening to him. When people speak to him their speech seems garbled, and lately he is having difficulty reading. After an examination, the physician tells him he has a conductive hearing loss because of accumulated cerumen. Explain the pathway of sound.arrow_forwardWhy does the actual Auditory response produced by stimuli have to be detected by electrodes located on the scalp and the earsarrow_forward
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